Changes in filtration and capacitance properties of highly porous reservoir in underground gas storage:CT-based and geomechanical modeling

The paper presents the results of comprehensive studies of filtration and capacitance properties of highly porous reservoir rocks of the aquifer of an underground gas storage facility.The geomechanical part of the research included studying the dependence of rock permeability on the stress-strain state in the vicinity of the wells,and physical modeling of the implementation of the method of increasing the permeability of the wellbore zone-the method of directional unloading of the reservoir.The digital part of the research included computed tomography(CT)-based computer analysis of the internal structure,pore space characteristics,and filtration properties before and after the tests.According to the results of physical modeling of deformation and filtration processes,it is found that the permeability of rocks before fracture depends on the stress-strain state insignificantly,and this influence is reversible.However,when downhole pressure reaches 7-8 MPa,macrocracks in the rock begin to grow,accompanied by irreversible permeability increase.Porosity,geodesic tortuosity and permeability values were obtained based on digital studies and numerical modeling.A weak degree of transversal anisotropy of the filtration properties of rocks was detected.Based on the analysis of pore size distribution,pressure field and flow velocities,high homogeneity and connectivity of the rock pore space is shown.The absence of pronounced changes in pore space characteristics and pore permeability after non-uniform triaxial loading rocks was shown.On the basis of geometrical analysis of pore space,the reasons for weak permeability anisotropy were identified.The filtration-capacitance properties obtained from the digital analysis showed very good agreement with the results of field and laboratory measurements.The physical modeling has confirmed the efficiency of application of the directional unloading method for the reservoir under study.The necessary parameters of its application were calculated:bottomhole geometry,stage of operation,stresses and pressure drawdown value.

Simulation of Structural Characteristics and Depth Filtration Elements in Interconnected Nanofibrous Membrane Based on Adaptive Image Analysis

Due to their unique structural features, electrospun membranes have gained considerable attention for use in applications where quality of depth filtration is a dominant performance factor. To elucidate the depth filtration phenomena it is important to quantify the intrinsic structural properties independent from the dynamics of transport media. Several methods have been proposed for structural characterization of such membranes. However, these methods do not meet the requirement for the quantification of intrinsic structural properties in depth filtration. This may be due to the complex influence of transport media dynamics and structural elements in the depth filtration process. In addition, the different morphological architectures of electrospun membranes present obstacles to precise quantification. This paper seeks to quantify the structural characteristics of electrospun membranes by introducing a robust image analysis technique and exploiting it to evaluate the permeation-filtration mechanism. To this end, a nanostructured fibrous network was simulated as an ideal membrane using adaptive local criteria in the image analysis. The reliability of the proposed approach was validated with measurements and comparison of structural characteristics in different morphological conditions. The results were found to be well compatible with empirical observations of perfect membrane structures. This approach, based on optimization of electrospinning parameters, may pave the way for producing optimal membrane structures for boosting the performance of electrospun membranes in end-use applications.

Preliminary study of a dot immunogold filtration assay for rapid detection of anti-HCV IgG

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Dot immunogold filtration assay for rapid detection of anti-HAV IgM in Chinese

INTRODUCTION The hepatitis A virus specific immunoglobulin M(IgM)antibody is a specific serological marker forearly diagnosis of hepatitis A..At present,themethods used at home or abroad for detecting anti-HAV IgM are RIA,ELISA and SPHAI.The dotimmunogold combination assay that has beendeveloped since 1989 is a new technique with theproperty of simple and rapid immunologicaldetection,by using the red colloidal gold particles tolabel the antibodies as indicator,and the

Evaluation of dot immunogold filtration assay for anti-HAV IgM antibody

AIM To detect hepatitis A virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody rapidly.METHODS Colloidal gold with an average dia-meter of 15 nm was prepared by controlled reduction of a boiling solution of 0.2 g/ L chloroauric acid with 10 g/ L sodium citrate and labeled with anti-HAVIgG as gold probe. Dot immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA) has been developed by coating anti-human μ chain on nitrocellulose membrane (NCM) for capturing the anti-HAV IgM in serum, then using cultured hepatitis A antigen as a 'bridge', connecting anti-HAV IgM in sample and anti-HAV IgG labeled colloidal gold. If there was anti-HAV IgM in sample, gold probes would concentrate on NCM, which will appear a pink dot.RESULTS A total of 264 serum samples were comparatively detected with both DIGFA and ELISA by 'blind' method. Among them, 88 were positive and 146 were negative with the two methods. The sensitivity and the specificity of DIGFA were 86.27% and 90.12%, respectively. Fifteen negative serum samples and 15 positive serum samples were detected 3 times repeatedly, the results were the same.CONCLUSION DIGFA is a simple, rapid, sensitive, specific and reliable method without expensive equipment and is not interfered with rheumatoid factor (RF) in serum. It is suitable for basic medical laboratories. The test could be applied for diagnosis and epidemiological survey of hepatitis A. It has a broad prospect in application.INTRODUCTIONHepatitis A virus-specific immunoglobulin M antibody (anti-HAV IgM) is the specific serological marker for the early diagnosis of acute hepatitis A. It can be detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), solid phase hemagglutination inhibition test (SPHIA) and other methods. At present, double sandwich ELISA is in widespread use[1]. However, it takes more time to finish the test and the procedure is complicated. The need of a simple, rapid, and noninstrumented test is evident in many basic units, where laboratory facilities and trained personnel are limited. In 1989, Chun developed a rapid test, DIGFA[2]. It has been used to detect HCG, C-reactive protein, immunoglobulin G antibody and others[3,4]. We developed DIGFA for detection of anti-HAV IgM. The evaluation of this test is presented below.

Tracking Dengue on Twitter Using Hybrid Filtration-Polarity and Apache Flume

The world health organization(WHO)terms dengue as a serious illness that impacts almost half of the world’s population and carries no specific treatment.Early and accurate detection of spread in affected regions can save precious lives.Despite the severity of the disease,a few noticeable works can be found that involve sentiment analysis to mine accurate intuitions from the social media text streams.However,the massive data explosion in recent years has led to difficulties in terms of storing and processing large amounts of data,as reliable mechanisms to gather the data and suitable techniques to extract meaningful insights from the data are required.This research study proposes a sentiment analysis polarity approach for collecting data and extracting relevant information about dengue via Apache Hadoop.The method consists of two main parts:the first part collects data from social media using Apache Flume,while the second part focuses on querying and extracting relevant information via the hybrid filtration-polarity algorithm using Apache Hive.To overcome the noisy and unstructured nature of the data,the process of extracting information is characterized by pre and post-filtration phases.As a result,only with the integration of Flume and Hive with filtration and polarity analysis,can a reliable sentiment analysis technique be offered to collect and process large-scale data from the social network.We introduce how the Apache Hadoop ecosystem–Flume and Hive–can provide a sentiment analysis capability by storing and processing large amounts of data.An important finding of this paper is that developing efficient sentiment analysis applications for detecting diseases can be more reliable through the use of the Hadoop ecosystem components than through the use of normal machines.

The Analysis of Dimensionless Magnitudes in Economic Science

An economy consists of the economic system of a country or other unit of human society.It includes labor,capital,natural resources,production,trade,distribution and consumption of goods and services in the area where human society is active.These factors give context,content,and determine the conditions and parameters with which the economy operates.When searching with data mining techniques to identify or find out dimensionless groups(DGs)in technical literature,it is possible to meet errors/faults/omissions concerning both,the form and the content of such groups.In the present study,a methodological framework has been developed in terms of a logical flow chart,including 11 activity stages and seven decision nodes,to acquire/process/store/retrieve knowledge for reconstruction and identification of these groups.Case Based Reasoning(CBR),especially modified to meet the needs of this work,has been used for tracing causality paths by similarity and making correction suggestions.Two case examples are presented to prove the functionality of the proposed methodology.Non-dimensional groups are used in engineering but can also be used in economic science.Through this analysis,we can calculate the scale of industrial processes from laboratory to pilot and then factory scale.Still through the study of non-dimensional groups,it is easy to calculate economies of scale embedded in the production process.Synergy savings and target economies cause economies of scale in a production process and reduce the cost of production per unit of output when production is increased.Non-dimensional groups can be a quantitative and measurable indicator for calculating and predicting economies of scale in an industrial unit.The same can happen in an economic unit providing services,that is,intangible products.

人工智能定量肺结节参数与肺腺癌浸润程度的相关性分析

目的探讨人工智能(AI)定量肺结节参数与肺腺癌浸润程度的相关性。方法选取2021年1月—2023年1月医院收治的138例肺腺癌患者(共138个肺结节),根据肺腺癌浸润程度将其分为两组,浸润性腺癌(IAC)归为A组(n=60),微浸润性腺癌(MIA)、原位腺癌(AIS)及非典型腺瘤样增生(AAH)归为B组(n=78)。所有患者均行CT扫描,AI肺结节检测系统分析扫描数据,比较两组AI定量肺结节参数,分析AI定量肺结节参数与肺腺癌浸润程度的关系。结果A组肺结节短径、肺结节长径、最大CT值、最小CT值、平均CT值及恶性概率均高于B组(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,各项AI定量肺结节参数升高均是加重肺腺癌浸润程度的独立危险因素(P<0.05);上述AI定量肺结节参数联合预测绘制ROC曲线分析显示联合检测预测准确率最高,其AUC为0.995;Spearman相关性分析显示,AI定量肺结节参数均与肺腺癌浸润程度呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论AI定量肺结节参数对浸润性肺腺癌预测价值较高,且与肺腺癌浸润程度具有一定相关性。

过滤方式对桑葚酒品质的影响

该研究以桑葚果酒为实验对象,以透光率、酚类物质含量、蛋白质含量、颜色及香气化合物成分为综合评价指标,采用纸板过滤、纸板粗滤-膜精滤复合过滤及纸板粗滤-离心精滤复合过滤三种不同类型的过滤方式对桑葚果酒进行处理,通过单因素试验对桑葚果酒品质进行分析。结果表明,不同过滤处理后酒样的基础理化指标间无显著性差异(P>0.05);总酚、总花色苷、单宁和蛋白质含量显著降低(P<0.05),色差差异显著(P<0.05);与原酒相比,不同过滤处理后酒样的香气物质含量显著降低(P<0.05),纸板粗滤-膜精滤复合过滤和纸板粗滤-离心精滤处理后香气成分含量分别降低27.02%和11.06%,主成分分析(PCA)结果表明,纸板粗滤-离心精滤处理得分较高,在提高酒样澄清度和胶体稳定性的同时对香气影响更小。因此,1.5~3.0μm纸板粗滤加5℃,7 000 r、40 min离心精滤为桑葚酒的最佳过滤方式。

饮用水中微塑料的检测与去除方式解析

水是人们日常生活中的必需品,饮用水成分直接影响用水安全,这对其中微塑料的检测与去除提出了较高要求。本文首先对微塑料进行概述,其次分析饮用水中微塑料污染的来源、危害,探讨饮用水中微塑料的检测方法,包括光谱法、粒度分布测量仪法、热分析法等,最后研究饮用水中微塑料的去除方式,包括滤膜处理、悬浮处理、加热过滤等,以服务饮用水质量管理活动,提升饮用水中微塑料的处理效率。

矿井废水处理中混凝沉淀过滤技术应用

矿井废水经过处理后可作为煤矿工业用水,提高水资源利用价值,减轻废水排放引起的环境污染问题。本文以某煤矿项目为例,通过对矿井水来源及水质特点的了解,提出混凝沉淀过滤技术在矿井废水处理中的应用策略,监测污染物排放指标,并从经济效益和生态环境效益进行分析,认为混凝沉淀过滤技术的综合应用效果良好,具有推广价值。

抗炎类药物治疗糖尿病肾病的Meta分析

目的 系统评价抗炎类药物治疗糖尿病肾病(DN)的有效性。方法 采用PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science、Scopus、Ovid、ProQuest、CBM、CNKI、万方、VIP、读秀数据库,搜集抗炎类药物治疗DN的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限从建库至2022年4月5日。由两名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入29篇文献,含26个RCT,4 095例患者。Meta分析结果显示,与常规治疗相比,常规治疗联合抗炎类药物治疗DN能够有效降低尿白蛋白与肌酐比值[SMD=-0.17,95%CI(-0.31,-0.03),P=0.02]、尿白蛋白排泄率[SMD=-0.37,95%CI(-0.56,-0.18),P=0.000 1]、尿蛋白排泄率[SMD=-0.97,95%CI(-1.29,-0.64),P <0.000 01]和糖化血红蛋白[SMD=-0.17,95%CI(-0.27,-0.08),P=0.000 4];而在降低血肌酐[SMD=-0.04,95%CI(-0.19,0.1),P=0.57]、尿素氮[MD=-0.23,95%CI(-0.50,0.04),P=0.09]和空腹血糖[SMD=-0.15,95%CI(-0.32,0.02),P=0.08]方面差异无统计学意义;除少数药物外,多种药物在改变肾小球滤过率[SMD=-0.04,95%CI(-0.15,0.07),P=0.47]方面差异无统计学意义。结论 常规治疗联合抗炎类药物,能更好地改善DN患者的蛋白尿水平,但肾功能改善不明显。受纳入研究数量及疗程限制,上述结论有待更多高质量研究验证。

某筛分车间加压过滤模块安全性分析

某选煤厂筛分车间加压过滤模块常年处于高湿、腐蚀环境,钢结构构件存在不同程度腐蚀损伤。为保证安全生产,需查明加压过滤模块现状损伤状况给出安全性分析结论及处理措施建议,可为同类型结构的安全性分析及后续加固处理提供参考。

村镇污水处理工艺选择及实例

村镇污水处理工艺选取受项目实施地域、规模、水环境等诸多因素影响,应根据具体情况加以选取。文章以天津市静海区村镇污水治理项目为例,分析了镇村污水处理工艺方案选择,即污水处理站规模小于500 m^(3)/d且大于50 m^(3)/d(含),采用“改进型A^(2)/O+MBR”工艺;污水处理站规模小于50 m^(3)/d,采用“水解酸化+生物接触氧化+沉淀+过滤”工艺。项目实施后,出水数据达到标准,项目的实施可为类似地区村镇污水治理提供参考。

Sub-band ICA with selection criterion for BBS of dependent mages

Because of the correlation of images,the efficiency of the standard ICA is not satisfied in the blind source separation (BSS) of image.Therefore,a new method of sub-band ICA with selection criterion is proposed for this problem.Firstly,the sub-bands of the new method are made up of the wavelet packets (WP) coefficients.Secondly,the selection criterion of the new method is a combination of the mutual information (MI),kurtosis and sparsity.One sub-band or a sub-bands group obtained from the new method are more suitable as the inputs parameters of the algorithm of ICA than mixed images.The new method has been applied into the BSS of partially dependent images and highly dependent images successfully.According to the separation experiments,it is shown that the separation efficacy of the new method is more accurate and robust.

Feature Conditioning Based on DWT Sub-Bands Selection on Proposed Channels in BCI Speller

In this paper, we present a novel and efficient scheme for detection of P300 component of the event-related potential in the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) speller paradigm that needs significantly less EEG channels and uses a minimal subset of effective features. Removing unnecessary channels and reducing the feature dimension resulted in lower cost and shorter time and thus improved the BCI implementation. The idea was to employ a proper method to optimize the number of channels and feature vectors while keeping high accuracy in classification performance. Optimal channel selection was based on both discriminative criteria and forward-backward investigation. Besides, we obtained a minimal subset of effective features by choosing the discriminant coefficients of wavelet decomposition. Our algorithm was tested on dataset II of the BCI competition 2005. We achieved 92% accuracy using a simple LDA classifier, as compared with the second best result in BCI 2005 with an accuracy of 90.5% using SVM for classification which required more computation, and against the highest accuracy of 96.5% in BCI 2005 that used SVM and much more channels requiring excessive calculations. We also applied our proposed scheme on Hoffmann’s dataset to evaluate the effectiveness of channel reduction and achieved acceptable results.

社区人群空腹血糖受损对估算肾小球滤过率的影响研究

背景估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)是反映慢性肾脏病严重程度的量化指标之一。研究表明糖尿病前期血糖升高可增加慢性肾脏病风险,但对eGFR直接影响报道较少。目的探讨社区人群中空腹血糖(FPG)受损患者血糖水平对eGFR的影响。方法选择2020年1-12月于南昌大学第二附属医院体检中心体检的人群,收集一般资料与临床资料(包括既往史、性别、年龄、体质指数、血压、尿酸、血脂、FPG、尿常规、血肌酐),经相应纳入标准与排除标准筛选,最终纳入28601例受试者。根据FPG水平将受试者分为FPG升高组(5.6 mmol/L≤FPG<7.0 mmol/L)、FPG正常组(3.9 mmol/L≤FPG<5.6 mmol/L),比较两组一般资料与临床资料。为明确FPG对eGFR影响,采用个案匹配控制对两组受试者进行多因素(性别、年龄、平均动脉压、尿酸、总胆固醇、体质指数)匹配,采用Mann-Whitney U秩和检验比较匹配后两组一般资料。采用Spearman秩相关检验分析FPG与eGFR在FPG升高组、FPG正常组及匹配后FPG升高组、FPG正常组间的相关性。结果共获得FPG正常组患者25539例、FPG升高组患者3062例。两组年龄、平均动脉压、尿酸、胆固醇、体质指数、eGFR比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多因素匹配后,两组年龄、平均动脉压、尿酸、胆固醇、体质指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),FPG升高组eGFR较FPG正常组更高(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,全人群中FPG对eGFR呈负相关(r_(s)=-0.047,P<0.05),匹配人群中FPG对eGFR影响呈正相关(r_(s)=0.065,P<0.05),且匹配人群FPG升高亚组中相关系数进一步增加(r_(s)=0.127,P<0.05)。结论FPG受损会引起eGFR升高,这为糖尿病前期血糖升高出现的肾小球高滤过状态提供可能的临床推断。

纳米二氧化硅对水基钻井液滤失影响预测模型及机理分析

采用2级-2因子复合分析法,证明了纳米二氧化硅和膨润土加量对滤失量和泥饼厚度具有较大影响。同时考虑膨润土悬浮液的结构动力学和纳米颗粒的胶体行为,建立了新的添加纳米材料的钻井液滤失模型。通过Minitab数据软件对新滤失模型与API滤失模型进行对比分析,新模型标准误差为0.41~0.81cm^(3)、决定系数为99.3%~99.89%,具有较高可信度。将新模型预测数据与实验数据进行了对比,实验结果吻合良好。通过对泥饼进行X衍射分析和能谱分析发现,纳米二氧化硅影响滤失机理为纳米二氧化硅中的Si4+取代了泥饼中Fe2+、Mg2+等游离的阳离子,使得纳米二氧化硅颗粒进入泥饼微裂缝中,从而降低泥饼渗透率和滤失量。

双重滤过血浆置换治疗高脂血症性急性胰腺炎临床疗效的Meta分析

目的通过系统分析方法评价双重滤过血浆置换(DFPP)治疗高脂血症性急性胰腺炎(HLAP)的临床疗效。方法通过计算机检索美国国立医学图书馆PubMed数据库、荷兰医学文摘EMbase数据库、Cochrane图书馆数据库、科学网(Web of Science)、万方数据、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)和中国知网(CNKI)等中英文数据库中由建库至2022年9月发表的有关DFPP治疗HLAP的临床对照试验(CCT)或随机对照试验(RCT)。对照组给予药物治疗,DFPP组在药物治疗基础上加用DFPP;主要结局指标为:住院时间、重症监护病房(ICU)住院时间、总体病死率;次要结局指标为:三酰甘油(TG)、血淀粉酶、C-反应蛋白(CRP)。由2名研究者收集数据,依据Cochrane 5.1手册评价文献质量,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析;Meta分析结果的稳定性用敏感性分析方法检验,用漏斗图分析文章的发表偏倚。结果最终纳入16篇中英文文献,共涉及835例患者,其中DFPP组450例,对照组385例。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,DFPP组住院时间缩短〔均数差(MD)=-5.28,95%可信区间(95%CI)为-7.14~-3.15,P<0.00001〕、ICU住院时间缩短(MD=-3.90,95%CI为-5.71~-2.05,P<0.0001),TG(MD=-10.75,95%CI为-15.23~-6.27,P<0.00001)、血淀粉酶(MD=-219.01,95%CI为-320.05~-117.96,P<0.0001)、CRP(MD=-34.84,95%CI为-59.11~-10.57,P=0.005)均显著降低。但两组总体病死率比较差异无统计学意义〔相对危险度(RR)=0.77,95%CI为0.20~3.03,P=0.71〕。对纳入文献数量超过10篇的TG进行漏斗图分析,结果显示,本研究文献可能存在一定发表偏倚。结论在使用药物治疗的基础上应用DFPP能提高HLAP治疗的临床效果,改善预后。

葡萄糖在目标范围内时间与糖尿病肾脏疾病的相关性研究

背景葡萄糖在目标范围内时间(TIR)是近年兴起的糖尿病血糖管理的新指标。研究证实TIR与糖尿病慢性并发症存在密切联系。目前对TIR与糖尿病肾脏疾病(DKD)的研究主要集中在蛋白尿方面,常忽视了估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)在其中的作用,且对TIR评价血糖控制的切点划分的研究较少。目的探讨TIR与2型糖尿病(T2DM)发生DKD的关系,为临床及时发现、诊治T2DM患者出现DKD提供理论依据。方法纳入2021年7—12月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院内分泌科住院的214例T2DM患者,收集患者一般资料、实验室检查指标及用药情况。根据尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(UACR)和eGFR结果,将患者分为DKD组[UACR≥30 mg/g和/或e GFR<60ml·min^(-1)(1.73 m^(2))^(-1),n=58]和单纯T2DM组[UACR<30 mg/g和eGFR≥60 ml·min^(-1)(1.73 m^(2))^(-1),n=156];采用TIR值40%、70%、85%作为切点将患者分为TIR1组(TIR>85%,n=90)、TIR2组(70%<TIR≤85%,n=51)、TIR3组(40%<TIR≤70%,n=57)、TIR4组(TIR≤40%,n=16)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨TIR与T2DM患者发生DKD的关系。结果随着TIR水平下降,T2DM患者DKD发生率呈升高趋势(P_(趋势)<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,校正多种因素后,TIR是T2DM患者发生DKD的影响因素[OR=0.976,95%CI(0.953,0.999),P=0.047];调整各种混杂因素后,TIR3组、TIR4组相较于TIR1组是T2DM患者发生DKD的影响因素[OR=5.287,95%CI(1.897,14.737),P=0.001;OR=4.712,95%CI(1.143,19.424),P=0.032],随着TIR水平的降低,T2DM患者DKD发生风险呈增高趋势(P_(趋势)=0.010)。结论TIR是T2DM患者发生DKD的影响因素;随着TIR下降,T2DM患者DKD发生率明显增加。