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Not in Control,but Liable?Attributing Human Responsibility for Fully Automated Vehicle Accidents
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作者 Siming Zhai Lin Wang Peng Liu 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期121-132,共12页
Human agency has become increasingly limited in complex systems with increasingly automated decision-making capabilities.For instance,human occupants are passengers and do not have direct vehicle control in fully auto... Human agency has become increasingly limited in complex systems with increasingly automated decision-making capabilities.For instance,human occupants are passengers and do not have direct vehicle control in fully automated cars(i.e.,driverless cars).An interesting question is whether users are responsible for the accidents of these cars.Normative ethical and legal analyses frequently argue that individuals should not bear responsibility for harm beyond their control.Here,we consider human judgment of responsibility for accidents involving fully automated cars through three studies with seven experiments(N=2668).We compared the responsibility attributed to the occupants in three conditions:an owner in his private fully automated car,a passenger in a driverless robotaxi,and a passenger in a conventional taxi,where none of these three occupants have direct vehicle control over the involved vehicles that cause identical pedestrian injury.In contrast to normative analyses,we show that the occupants of driverless cars(private cars and robotaxis)are attributed more responsibility than conventional taxi passengers.This dilemma is robust across different contexts(e.g.,participants from China vs the Republic of Korea,participants with first-vs third-person perspectives,and occupant presence vs absence).Furthermore,we observe that this is not due to the perception that these occupants have greater control over driving but because they are more expected to foresee the potential consequences of using driverless cars.Our findings suggest that when driverless vehicles(private cars and taxis)cause harm,their users may face more social pressure,which public discourse and legal regulations should manage appropriately. 展开更多
关键词 Fully automated vehicle accidents responsibility attribution CONTROLLABILITY Foreseeability
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Research on the Collaborative Governance of Social Responsibility in Online Audiovisual Enterprises
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作者 Chuying Kang Muhammad Zaffwan Idris Juan Liu 《Social Networking》 2024年第1期1-13,共13页
This paper aims to analyze the present conditions of the social responsibility ecosystem in online audiovisual enterprises in the digital age. It focuses on the governance of social responsibility in these enterprises... This paper aims to analyze the present conditions of the social responsibility ecosystem in online audiovisual enterprises in the digital age. It focuses on the governance of social responsibility in these enterprises and conducts an in-depth analysis of the problems and influencing factors related to the social responsibility aberrations of online audiovisual enterprises. Drawing upon social responsibility theory and collaborative governance theory, this research constructs a social responsibility guidance and governance system guided by the public, supported by the voluntary fulfillment of responsibilities by online audiovisual enterprises, and based on the collaborative participation of diverse stakeholders. It explores and optimizes the implementation pathways of this system, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting the sustainable development of online audiovisual enterprises. Furthermore, it aims to contribute to the creation of a harmonious Internet ecosystem. 展开更多
关键词 Online Audiovisual Enterprises Social responsibility Collaborative Governance
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Practice and Exploration of Ideological and Political Education for Postgraduate Students Under the Mentor Responsibility System
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作者 Yipin Wan Jie Jia +1 位作者 Tingting Gao Xuding Song 《Journal of Contemporary Educational Research》 2024年第4期29-34,共6页
This study aims to address the problems existing in the ideological and political education of postgraduate students,and combines the implementation of the mentor responsibility system to explore the role orientation,... This study aims to address the problems existing in the ideological and political education of postgraduate students,and combines the implementation of the mentor responsibility system to explore the role orientation,work content,and practical effects of mentors in the ideological and political education of postgraduate students.Through questionnaire surveys,interviews,and other research methods,the current situation of ideological and political education of postgraduate students under the mentor responsibility system is analyzed,and corresponding optimization strategies are proposed. 展开更多
关键词 Mentor responsibility system Postgraduate students Ideological and political education Practical exploration
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Research on Corporate Social Responsibility Evaluation Based on Improved CRITIC-TOPSIS—A Case Study of Listed Companies in China’s Pharmaceutical Distribution Industry
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作者 Lili Liu Yingyu Wu Jingxian Liu 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 CAS 2023年第5期704-719,共16页
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has garnered considerable attention from countries, institutions, enterprises and social groups. However, the lack of research on CSR evaluation system for industries has impeded ... Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has garnered considerable attention from countries, institutions, enterprises and social groups. However, the lack of research on CSR evaluation system for industries has impeded its development and construction across various industries. Therefore, given the close association of pharmaceutical distribution enterprises with personal health, there exists a pressing need to explore the CSR in this domain. This paper establishes a CSR evaluation index system for pharmaceutical distribution enterprises, employing a combination of documentary analysis and in-depth interviews. This index system comprises 7 CSR criterion layers (e.g., responsible governance and employee responsibility) and 56 index layers. 25 listed companies in China’s pharmaceutical distribution industry are chosen as research objects, and this study also establishes an evaluation model for the CSR of pharmaceutical distribution companies through the improved Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation (CRITIC) method combined with The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The empirical analysis reveals that the responsible governance criterion layer and the social development criterion layer demonstrate the best performance, while the supplier, customer and patient responsibility criterion layer exhibit the worst performance. 展开更多
关键词 Pharmaceutical Distribution Enterprises Corporate Social responsibility Evaluation System Improved CRITIC-TOPSIS
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Inter-Provincial Transaction Model in Two-Level ElectricityMarket Considering Carbon Emission and Consumption Responsibility Weights
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作者 Chunlei Jiao HongyanHao +4 位作者 Ming Li Rifucairen Fu Yichun Liu Shunfu Lin Ronghui Liu 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2023年第10期2393-2416,共24页
In the context of the joint operation of China’s intra-provincial markets and inter-provincial trading,how to meet the load demand and energy consumption using inter-provincial renewable energy trading is a key probl... In the context of the joint operation of China’s intra-provincial markets and inter-provincial trading,how to meet the load demand and energy consumption using inter-provincial renewable energy trading is a key problem.The combined operation of intra-provincial and inter-provincial markets provides a new way for provincial power companies to optimize and clear the intra-provincial power market,complete the intra-provincial consumption responsibility weight index,and consume renewable energy across provinces and regions.This paper combines power generation and consumption within the province,uses inter-provincial renewable energy trading tomeet the load demand within the province and completes the index of intra-provincial consumption responsibility weights.The intra-provincial market trading and inter-provincial market clearing are respectively taken as the upper and lower levels of the model.Under the two-level electricity market operation framework,the upper-level model aims to minimize the expected total operating cost within the province considering the carbon emission cost and the weight of the consumption responsibility,while the lower-level model aims to minimize the inter-provincial renewable energy purchasing cost.Finally,the influence of inter-provincial transaction mechanism,risk aversion coefficient,voucher price,and responsibility weight on operating cost is analyzed.Simulation is used to verify that the proposed model can meet the requirements of the provincial load power consumption and the consumption responsibility weight index,and promote the consumption of renewable energy. 展开更多
关键词 Consumption responsibility weights electricity market carbon emission transactions between provinces
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Dynamic model and driving strategy of corporate social responsibility
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作者 WANG Mao-xiang 《Ecological Economy》 2023年第2期192-200,共9页
Corporate social responsibility is the inevitable requirement for the survival and development of enterprises in modern society,as well as the basic guarantee for the sustainable development of economy and society.In ... Corporate social responsibility is the inevitable requirement for the survival and development of enterprises in modern society,as well as the basic guarantee for the sustainable development of economy and society.In order to analyze the driving factors of corporate social responsibility from both internal and external aspects,the dynamic model of corporate social responsibility was constructed,and the driving strategies of corporate social responsibility were also suggested.The driving factors of corporate social responsibility include not only the external constraints of policies,regulations and stakeholders,but also the internal requirements of the sustainable development of enterprises.Only when the external driving force is transformed into the spontaneous and conscious responsibility behavior of the enterprise,can the enterprise achieve its due effect.Moreover,in order to better fulfill the social responsibility,enterprise should build a management system of social responsibility,enhance the awareness of social responsibility,and promote the effective implementation of social responsibility projects.The relevant department should strengthen the all-round supervision of corporate social responsibility,and further improve the policies,laws and regulations related to social responsibility.Enterprises should strengthen communication with stakeholders,actively disclose social responsibility information,and constantly improve social responsibility behavior.By implementing social responsibility,enterprise can improve its business environment,enhance corporate brand image and core competitiveness,and promote the sustainable development of economy and society. 展开更多
关键词 corporate social responsibility dynamic factors driving model driving strategy
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Corporate Social Responsibility Perception and Happiness of Employees:Evidence From Disney Resort in China
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作者 TSAI Meng-ying HSU Wan-chi WANG En-tong 《Psychology Research》 2023年第10期469-475,共7页
In recent years,many scholars have discussed good corporate culture,such as corporate social responsibility.The study investigates the relationship between employee perceptions of corporate social responsibility(CSR)a... In recent years,many scholars have discussed good corporate culture,such as corporate social responsibility.The study investigates the relationship between employee perceptions of corporate social responsibility(CSR)and happiness in China’s resort industry.Four types of corporate social responsibilities are economic,legal,ethical,and discretionary.The study is an empirical study conducted to survey full-time workers who are working in Disney Resort,China.257 effective samples have been collected.The result implicated that the Disney Resort employees’corporate social responsibility perception positively affects happiness.Economic,legal,ethical,and discretionary responsibility all positively affect happiness. 展开更多
关键词 corporate social responsibility perception HAPPINESS resort industry
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Corporate Social Responsibility and Green Innovation-The Mediating Effect of Financing Constraints
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作者 SONG Xiaowen YANG Cunbo ZHAO Mengqi 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2023年第2期36-52,共17页
Green innovation has become a strategic direction for the country and enterprises,and it is an important facet in achieving high-quality economic development.Whether corporate social responsibility(CSR),as a key compe... Green innovation has become a strategic direction for the country and enterprises,and it is an important facet in achieving high-quality economic development.Whether corporate social responsibility(CSR),as a key competitive strategy for achieving sustainable economic development,can promote corporate green innovation and the path of evolution has become a hot topic of current research.This paper takes Chinese manufacturing A share listed companies as its sample and uses Stata sofware to conduct regression analysis to test the relationship between CSR,financing constraints,and green innovation,respectively.It further distinguishes the sample into different technological properties and different regions to study the degree of differentiation of the mediating effect on financing constraints.The results show that CSR can not only directly promote corporate green innovation,but that it also can further positively influence corporate green innovation by alleviating financing constraints.Financing constraints play a mediating role in the relationship between CSR and green innovation,especially in enterprises with strong innovation demand and in regions with high levels of regional economic development.The findings enrich the research perspective on the relationship between CSR and green innovation and provide realistic data support for subsequent studies. 展开更多
关键词 corporate social responsibility fnancing constraints green inovation stakeholder theory signaling theory
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Comparative analysis of thermodynamic and mechanical responses between underground hydrogen storage and compressed air energy storage in lined rock caverns
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作者 Bowen Hu Liyuan Yu +5 位作者 Xianzhen Mi Fei Xu Shuchen Li Wei Li Chao Wei Tao Zhang 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期531-543,共13页
Underground hydrogen storage(UHS)and compressed air energy storage(CAES)are two viable largescale energy storage technologies for mitigating the intermittency of wind and solar power.Therefore,it is meaningful to comp... Underground hydrogen storage(UHS)and compressed air energy storage(CAES)are two viable largescale energy storage technologies for mitigating the intermittency of wind and solar power.Therefore,it is meaningful to compare the properties of hydrogen and air with typical thermodynamic storage processes.This study employs a multi-physical coupling model to compare the operations of CAES and UHS,integrating gas thermodynamics within caverns,thermal conduction,and mechanical deformation around rock caverns.Gas thermodynamic responses are validated using additional simulations and the field test data.Temperature and pressure variations of air and hydrogen within rock caverns exhibit similarities under both adiabatic and diabatic simulation modes.Hydrogen reaches higher temperature and pressure following gas charging stage compared to air,and the ideal gas assumption may lead to overestimation of gas temperature and pressure.Unlike steel lining of CAES,the sealing layer(fibre-reinforced plastic FRP)in UHS is prone to deformation but can effectively mitigates stress in the sealing layer.In CAES,the first principal stress on the surface of the sealing layer and concrete lining is tensile stress,whereas UHS exhibits compressive stress in the same areas.Our present research can provide references for the selection of energy storage methods. 展开更多
关键词 Underground hydrogen storage Compressed air energy storage Mechanical response Thermodynamic response Lined rock caverns
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LncRNA pol-lnc78 as a ceRNA regulates antibacterial responses via suppression of pol-miR-n199-3p-mediated SARM down-regulation in Paralichthys olivaceus
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作者 Xian-Hui Ning Bing Han +1 位作者 Ye Peng Shao-Wu Yin 《Zoological Research》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期25-35,共11页
Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)function as key modulators in mammalian immunity,particularly due to their involvement in lncRNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA)crosstalk.Despite their recognized significance i... Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)function as key modulators in mammalian immunity,particularly due to their involvement in lncRNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA)crosstalk.Despite their recognized significance in mammals,research on lncRNAs in lower vertebrates remains limited.In the present study,we characterized the first immune-related lncRNA(pol-lnc78)in the teleost Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus).Results indicated that pol-lnc78 acted as a ceRNA for pol-miR-n199-3p to target the sterile alpha and armadillo motif-containing protein(SARM),the fifth discovered member of the Toll/interleukin 1(IL-1)receptor(TIR)adaptor family.This ceRNA network regulated the antibacterial responses of flounder via the Toll-like receptor(TLR)signaling pathway.Specifically,SARM acted as a negative regulator and exacerbated bacterial infection by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α).Pol-miR-n199-3p reduced SARM expression by specifically interacting with the 3’untranslated region(UTR),thereby promoting SARM-dependent inflammatory cytokine expression and protecting the host against bacterial dissemination.Furthermore,pol-lnc78 sponged pol-miR-n199-3p to ameliorate the inhibition of SARM expression.During infection,the negative regulators pol-lnc78 and SARM were significantly down-regulated,while pol-miR-n199-3p was significantly up-regulated,thus favoring host antibacterial defense.These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying fish immunity and open new horizons to better understand ceRNA crosstalk in lower vertebrates. 展开更多
关键词 LncRNA SARM miRNA ceRNA Antibacterial response
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Dynamic response of a thermal transistor to time-varying signals
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作者 阮琴丽 刘文君 王雷 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期13-19,共7页
Thermal transistor,the thermal analog of an electronic transistor,is one of the most important thermal devices for microscopic-scale heat manipulating.It is a three-terminal device,and the heat current flowing through... Thermal transistor,the thermal analog of an electronic transistor,is one of the most important thermal devices for microscopic-scale heat manipulating.It is a three-terminal device,and the heat current flowing through two terminals can be largely controlled by the temperature of the third one.Dynamic response plays an important role in the application of electric devices and also thermal devices,which represents the devices’ability to treat fast varying inputs.In this paper,we systematically study two typical dynamic responses of a thermal transistor,i.e.,the response to a step-function input(a switching process)and the response to a square-wave input.The role of the length L of the control segment is carefully studied.It is revealed that when L is increased,the performance of the thermal transistor worsens badly.Both the relaxation time for the former process and the cutoff frequency for the latter one follow the power-law dependence on L quite well,which agrees with our analytical expectation.However,the detailed power exponents deviate from the expected values noticeably.This implies the violation of the conventional assumptions that we adopt. 展开更多
关键词 PHONON phononics thermal transistor dynamic response heat conduction
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The physiological role of the unfolded protein response in the nervous system
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作者 Shuangchan Wu Wensheng Lin 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第11期2411-2420,共10页
The unfolded protein response(UPR)is a cellular stress response pathway activated when the endoplasmic reticulum,a crucial organelle for protein folding and modification,encounters an accumulation of unfolded or misfo... The unfolded protein response(UPR)is a cellular stress response pathway activated when the endoplasmic reticulum,a crucial organelle for protein folding and modification,encounters an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins.The UPR aims to restore endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by enhancing protein folding capacity,reducing protein biosynthesis,and promoting protein degradation.It also plays a pivotal role in coordinating signaling cascades to determine cell fate and function in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.Recent research has highlighted the significance of the UPR not only in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis but also in influencing various physiological processes in the nervous system.Here,we provide an overview of recent findings that underscore the UPR’s involvement in preserving the function and viability of neuronal and myelinating cells under physiological conditions,and highlight the critical role of the UPR in brain development,memory storage,retinal cone development,myelination,and maintenance of myelin thickness. 展开更多
关键词 MYELIN NEURON OLIGODENDROCYTE Schwann cell unfolded protein response
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Prediction of treatment response to antipsychotic drugs for precision medicine approach to schizophrenia:randomized trials and multiomics analysis
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作者 Liang-Kun Guo Yi Su +24 位作者 Yu-Ya-Nan Zhang Hao Yu Zhe Lu Wen-Qiang Li Yong-Feng Yang Xiao Xiao Hao Yan Tian-Lan Lu Jun Li Yun-Dan Liao Zhe-Wei Kang Li-Fang Wang Yue Li Ming Li Bing Liu Hai-Liang Huang Lu-Xian Lv Yin Yao Yun-Long Tan Gerome Breen Ian Everall Hong-Xing Wang Zhuo Huang Dai Zhang Wei-Hua Yue 《Military Medical Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期19-33,共15页
Background:Choosing the appropriate antipsychotic drug(APD)treatment for patients with schizophrenia(SCZ)can be challenging,as the treatment response to APD is highly variable and difficult to predict due to the lack ... Background:Choosing the appropriate antipsychotic drug(APD)treatment for patients with schizophrenia(SCZ)can be challenging,as the treatment response to APD is highly variable and difficult to predict due to the lack of effective biomarkers.Previous studies have indicated the association between treatment response and genetic and epigenetic factors,but no effective biomarkers have been identified.Hence,further research is imperative to enhance precision medicine in SCZ treatment.Methods:Participants with SCZ were recruited from two randomized trials.The discovery cohort was recruited from the CAPOC trial(n=2307)involved 6 weeks of treatment and equally randomized the participants to the Olanzapine,Risperidone,Quetiapine,Aripiprazole,Ziprasidone,and Haloperidol/Perphenazine(subsequently equally assigned to one or the other)groups.The external validation cohort was recruited from the CAPEC trial(n=1379),which involved 8 weeks of treatment and equally randomized the participants to the Olanzapine,Risperidone,and Aripiprazole groups.Additionally,healthy controls(n=275)from the local community were utilized as a genetic/epigenetic reference.The genetic and epigenetic(DNA methylation)risks of SCZ were assessed using the polygenic risk score(PRS)and polymethylation score,respectively.The study also examined the genetic-epigenetic interactions with treatment response through differential methylation analysis,methylation quantitative trait loci,colocalization,and promoteranchored chromatin interaction.Machine learning was used to develop a prediction model for treatment response,which was evaluated for accuracy and clinical benefit using the area under curve(AUC)for classification,R^(2) for regression,and decision curve analysis.Results:Six risk genes for SCZ(LINC01795,DDHD2,SBNO1,KCNG2,SEMA7A,and RUFY1)involved in cortical morphology were identified as having a genetic-epigenetic interaction associated with treatment response.The developed and externally validated prediction model,which incorporated clinical information,PRS,genetic risk score(GRS),and proxy methylation level(proxyDNAm),demonstrated positive benefits for a wide range of patients receiving different APDs,regardless of sex[discovery cohort:AUC=0.874(95%CI 0.867-0.881),R^(2)=0.478;external validation cohort:AUC=0.851(95%CI 0.841-0.861),R^(2)=0.507].Conclusions:This study presents a promising precision medicine approach to evaluate treatment response,which has the potential to aid clinicians in making informed decisions about APD treatment for patients with SCZ.Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(https://www.chictr.org.cn/),18 Aug 2009 retrospectively registered:CAPOC-ChiCTR-RNC-09000521(https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=9014),CAPEC-ChiCTRRNC-09000522(https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=9013). 展开更多
关键词 SCHIZOPHRENIA Antipsychotic drug Treatment response Prediction model GENETICS EPIGENETICS
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Comparative proteomics reveals the response and adaptation mechanisms of white Hypsizygus marmoreus against the biological stress caused by Penicillium
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作者 Xiuqing Yang Sizhu Li +5 位作者 Xiaohang Li Chenxiao Zhang Meijie Liu Lizhong Guo Lin Liu Hao Yu 《Food Science and Human Wellness》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期1645-1661,共17页
White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrien... White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrients through rapid growth and produce a variety of harmful gases,such as benzene,aldehydes,phenols,etc.,to inhibit the growth of H.marmoreus mycelium.A series of changes occurred in H.marmoreus proteome after contamination when detected by the label-free tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)technique.Some proteins with up-regulated expression worked together to participate in some processes,such as the non-toxic transformation of harmful gases,glutathione metabolism,histone modification,nucleotide excision repair,clearing misfolded proteins,and synthesizing glutamine,which were mainly used in response to biological stress.The proteins with down-regulated expression are mainly related to the processes of ribosome function,protein processing,spliceosome,carbon metabolism,glycolysis,and gluconeogenesis.The reduction in the function of these proteins affected the production of the cell components,which might be an adjustment to adapt to growth retardation.This study further enhanced the understanding of the biological stress response and the growth restriction adaptation mechanisms in edible fungi.It also provided a theoretical basis for protein function exploration and edible mushroom food safety research. 展开更多
关键词 Hypsizygus marmoreus PENICILLIUM PROTEOMICS Biological stress response ADAPTATION
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Research on Demand Response Potential of Adjustable Loads in Demand Response Scenarios
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作者 Zhishuo Zhang Xinhui Du +3 位作者 Yaoke Shang Jingshu Zhang Wei Zhao Jia Su 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2024年第6期1577-1605,共29页
To address the issues of limited demand response data,low generalization of demand response potential evaluation,and poor demand response effect,the article proposes a demand response potential feature extraction and ... To address the issues of limited demand response data,low generalization of demand response potential evaluation,and poor demand response effect,the article proposes a demand response potential feature extraction and prediction model based on data mining and a demand response potential assessment model for adjustable loads in demand response scenarios based on subjective and objective weight analysis.Firstly,based on the demand response process and demand response behavior,obtain demand response characteristics that characterize the process and behavior.Secondly,establish a feature extraction and prediction model based on data mining,including similar day clustering,time series decomposition,redundancy processing,and data prediction.The predicted values of each demand response feature on the response day are obtained.Thirdly,the predicted data of various characteristics on the response day are used as demand response potential evaluation indicators to represent different demand response scenarios and adjustable loads,and a demand response potential evaluation model based on subjective and objective weight allocation is established to calculate the demand response potential of different adjustable loads in different demand response scenarios.Finally,the effectiveness of the method proposed in the article is verified through examples,providing a reference for load aggregators to formulate demand response schemes. 展开更多
关键词 Demand response potential demand response scenarios data mining adjustable load evaluation system subjective and objective weight allocation
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Proteomic response of Phaeocystis globosa to nitrogen limitation
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作者 Haisu LIU Ruiwang WEI +2 位作者 Qiangyong LEI Lei CUI Songhui LÜ 《Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期141-149,共9页
Phaeocystis globosa is an important unicellular eukaryotic alga that can also form colonies.P.globosa can cause massive harmful algal blooms and plays an important role in the global carbon or sulfur cycling.Thus far,... Phaeocystis globosa is an important unicellular eukaryotic alga that can also form colonies.P.globosa can cause massive harmful algal blooms and plays an important role in the global carbon or sulfur cycling.Thus far,the ecophysiology of P.globosa has been investigated by numerous studies.However,the proteomic response of P.globosa to nitrogen depletion remains largely unknown.We compared four protein preparation methods of P.globosa for two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE)(Urea/Triton X-100 with trichloroacetic acid(TCA)/acetone precipitation;TCA/acetone precipitation;Radio Immuno Precipitation Assay(RIPA)with TCA/acetone precipitation;and Tris buffer).Results show that the combination of RIPA with TCA/acetone precipitation had a clear gel background and showed the best protein spot separation effect,based on which the proteomic response to nitrogen depletion was studied using 2-DE.In addition,we identified six differentially expressed proteins whose relative abundance increased or decreased more than 1.5-fold(P<0.05).Most proteins could not be identified,which might be attributed to the lack of genomic sequences of P.globosa.Under nitrogen limitation,replication protein-like,RNA ligase,and sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were reduced,which may decrease the DNA replication level and ATP production in P.globosa cells.The increase of endonucleaseⅢand transcriptional regulator enzyme may affect the metabolic and antioxidant function of P.globosa cells and induce cell apoptosis.These findings provide a basis for further proteomic study of P.globosa and the optimization of protein preparation methods of marine microalgae. 展开更多
关键词 Phaeocystis globosa nitrogen limitation proteomic response two-dimensional electrophoresis
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Probiotics: Shaping the gut immunological responses
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作者 Eirini Filidou Leonidas Kandilogiannakis +2 位作者 Anne Shrewsbury George Kolios Katerina Kotzampassi 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第15期2096-2108,共13页
Probiotics are live microorganisms exerting beneficial effects on the host’s health when administered in adequate amounts.Among the most popular and adequately studied probiotics are bacteria from the families Lactob... Probiotics are live microorganisms exerting beneficial effects on the host’s health when administered in adequate amounts.Among the most popular and adequately studied probiotics are bacteria from the families Lactobacillaceae,Bifidobacteriaceae and yeasts.Most of them have been shown,both in vitro and in vivo studies of intestinal inflammation models,to provide favorable results by means of improving the gut microbiota composition,promoting the wound healing process and shaping the immunological responses.Chronic intestinal conditions,such as inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),are characterized by an imbalance in microbiota composition,with decreased diversity,and by relapsing and persisting inflammation,which may lead to mucosal damage.Although the results of the clinical studies investigating the effect of probiotics on patients with IBD are still controversial,it is without doubt that these microorganisms and their metabolites,now named postbiotics,have a positive influence on both the host’s microbiota and the immune system,and ultimately alter the topical tissue microenvironment.This influence is achieved through three axes:(1)By dis-placement of potential pathogens via competitive exclusion;(2)by offering protection to the host through the secretion of various defensive mediators;and(3)by supplying the host with essential nutrients.We will analyze and discuss almost all the in vitro and in vivo studies of the past 2 years dealing with the possible favorable effects of certain probiotic genus on gut immunological responses,highlighting which species are the most beneficial against intestinal inflammation. 展开更多
关键词 PROBIOTICS Lactobacillaceae Bifidobacteriaceae SACCHAROMYCES Intestinal inflammation Immune responses
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Microenvironmental effects on growth response of Pinus massoniana to climate at its northern boundary in the Tongbai Mountains,Central China
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作者 Jianfeng Peng Jiayue Cui +7 位作者 Jinbao Li Meng Peng Yongtao Ma Xiaoxu Wei Jinkuan Li Xuan Li Yamen Liu Jiaxin Li 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期44-57,共14页
The Tongbai Mountains is an ecologically sensi-tive region and the northern boundary of Pinus massoniana Lamb.To analyze the effect of different microenvironments on tree growth response to climate factors,we develope... The Tongbai Mountains is an ecologically sensi-tive region and the northern boundary of Pinus massoniana Lamb.To analyze the effect of different microenvironments on tree growth response to climate factors,we developed standard chronologies for earlywood width(EWW),late-wood width(LWW),and total ring width(TRW)of P.massoniana at two sampling sites on slopes with different orientations,then analyzed characteristics of the chronolo-gies and their correlations with climate variables from five stations in the region and with a regional normalized differ-ence vegetation index(NDVI).Statistical results showed that the TRW/EWW/LWW chronology consistency and charac-teristics(mean sensitivity,signal to noise ratio,expressed population signal)for trees growing on the southeastern slope were much higher than for trees on the northeastern slope.Correlations indicated that temperature in current March and August has a significant positive effect on TRW/EWW/LWW formation,and the effect on the northeastern slope was weaker than on the southeastern slope.Compared to temperature,precipitation has more complicated effects on tree growth,but the effect on the northeastern slope was also generally weaker than on the southeastern slope.Step-wise linear regression analyses showed that temperature in August was the main limiting factor at the two sampling sites.Similarly,the response of tree growth on the southeast-ern slope as determined by the NDVI is better than on the northeastern slope,and the TRW/EWW/LWW chronologies for the southeastern slope explained over 50%of the total NDVI variances in June.Overall,the results indicate that the difference in the climate response of P.massoniana at two sampling sites is clearly caused by differences in the microenvironment,and such differences should be properly considered in future studies of forest dynamics and climate reconstructions. 展开更多
关键词 TREE-RINGS Pinus massoniana lamb MICROENVIRONMENT Radial growth Climate-growth response
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Application of CFD and FEA Coupling to Predict Structural Dynamic Responses of A Trimaran in Uni-and Bi-Directional Waves
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作者 LIAO Xi-yu XIA Jin-song +4 位作者 CHEN Zhan-yang TANG Qin ZHAO Nan ZHAO Wei-dong GUI Hong-bin 《China Ocean Engineering》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第1期81-92,共12页
To predict the wave loads of a flexible trimaran in different wave fields,a one-way interaction numerical simulation method is proposed by integrating the fluid solver(Star-CCM+)and structural solver(Abaqus).Differing... To predict the wave loads of a flexible trimaran in different wave fields,a one-way interaction numerical simulation method is proposed by integrating the fluid solver(Star-CCM+)and structural solver(Abaqus).Differing from the existing coupled CFD-FEA method for monohull ships in head waves,the presented method equates the mass and stiffness of the whole ship to the hull shell so that any transverse and longitudinal section stress of the hull in oblique waves can be obtained.Firstly,verification study and sensitivity analysis are carried out by comparing the trimaran motions using different mesh sizes and time step schemes.Discussion on the wave elevation of uni-and bi-directional waves is also carried out.Then a comprehensive analysis on the structural responses of the trimaran in different uni-directional regular wave and bi-directional cross sea conditions is carried out,respectively.Finally,the differences in structural response characteristics of trimaran in different wave fields are studied.The results show that the present method can reduce the computational burden of the two-way fluid-structure interaction simulations. 展开更多
关键词 CFD-FEA fluid-structure coupling structural responses TRIMARAN bi-directional cross sea
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Inflammation: Complexity and significance of cellular and molecular responses
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作者 Serdar Ozdemir 《Journal of Acute Disease》 2024年第1期3-7,共5页
Inflammation is a multifaceted cellular and molecular response triggered by injury,infection,or various pathological conditions.Serving as a protective defense mechanism,the inflammatory response involves clinical sig... Inflammation is a multifaceted cellular and molecular response triggered by injury,infection,or various pathological conditions.Serving as a protective defense mechanism,the inflammatory response involves clinical signs like redness,swelling,pain,and increased body temperature.Immune cells,notably neutrophils and macrophages,play key roles in orchestrating this response.The delicate balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators,including cytokines and chemokines,regulates the inflammatory cascade.While acute inflammation is crucial for tissue repair,chronic inflammation may indicate an imbalance,contributing to conditions like autoimmune diseases.Understanding these mechanisms is vital for developing therapeutic strategies and managing chronic diseases. 展开更多
关键词 INFLAMMATION C-reactive protein PLATELETS SCUBE1 ADRENOMEDULLIN CALPROTECTIN Pentraxin-3 Immune response Acute phase response Vascular function
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