A template-free carbonization-activation route is developed to fabricate sub-nanopore-containing porous carbon by using a novel polypyrrole(PPy)hydrogel as a precursor.This design of PPy hydrogel precursor containing ...A template-free carbonization-activation route is developed to fabricate sub-nanopore-containing porous carbon by using a novel polypyrrole(PPy)hydrogel as a precursor.This design of PPy hydrogel precursor containing molecular-scale grids(diameter~2.0 nm)allows for homogeneous N,O-codoping into the porous carbon scaffold during the pyrolysis process.A subsequent activation step produces activated porous carbons(APCs)with tailored pore structures,which renders the APCs abundant subnanopores on their surface to increase the specific capacitance as extra capacitance sites.Coupled with large specific surface area and abundant heteroatoms,the optimized APC4/1 displays excellent specific capacitance of 379 F/g for liquid-state supercapacitor and 230 F/g for solid-state supercapacitor.The solid-state supercapacitor shows a high energy density of 22.99 Wh/kg at power density of 420 W/kg,which is higher than most reported porous carbon materials and satisfy the urgent requirements of elementary power source for electric vehicles.Moreover,this method can be easily modified to fabricate sub-nanopore-containing porous carbons with preferred structures and compositions for many applications.展开更多
Recently,Livingston and his colleagues published two articles in Nature and Science,respectively,to tackle the challenges of accurate molecular sieving and crude oil separation in the field of membrane separation by p...Recently,Livingston and his colleagues published two articles in Nature and Science,respectively,to tackle the challenges of accurate molecular sieving and crude oil separation in the field of membrane separation by preparing ultrathin nanofilms through interfacial polymerization.One is that the nanofilms with ordered sub-nanopores achieve accurate molecular sieving atångström precision,and the other is that the permeability of hydrophobic polyamide nanofilms to hydrophobic liquid is significantly enhanced by an order of magnitude.The thoughtful design and excellent performance provide a feasible strategy for the development of membrane separation,and show great potential in industrial applications(drug separation and crude oil fractionation).展开更多
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51902222,51603142,U1610255)Key Laboratory of Yarn Materials Forming and Composite Processing Technology,Zhejiang Province(No.MTC2019-03)+2 种基金Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(Nos.2019L0164 and 2019L0255)the Shanxi Provincial Key Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology(Nos.2015013002-10 and 201605D131045-10)Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province(International Cooperation,No.201903D421077)。
文摘A template-free carbonization-activation route is developed to fabricate sub-nanopore-containing porous carbon by using a novel polypyrrole(PPy)hydrogel as a precursor.This design of PPy hydrogel precursor containing molecular-scale grids(diameter~2.0 nm)allows for homogeneous N,O-codoping into the porous carbon scaffold during the pyrolysis process.A subsequent activation step produces activated porous carbons(APCs)with tailored pore structures,which renders the APCs abundant subnanopores on their surface to increase the specific capacitance as extra capacitance sites.Coupled with large specific surface area and abundant heteroatoms,the optimized APC4/1 displays excellent specific capacitance of 379 F/g for liquid-state supercapacitor and 230 F/g for solid-state supercapacitor.The solid-state supercapacitor shows a high energy density of 22.99 Wh/kg at power density of 420 W/kg,which is higher than most reported porous carbon materials and satisfy the urgent requirements of elementary power source for electric vehicles.Moreover,this method can be easily modified to fabricate sub-nanopore-containing porous carbons with preferred structures and compositions for many applications.
基金supported by the Key R&D and Promotion Projects in Henan Province,China(Nos.212102310081,232102320125).
文摘Recently,Livingston and his colleagues published two articles in Nature and Science,respectively,to tackle the challenges of accurate molecular sieving and crude oil separation in the field of membrane separation by preparing ultrathin nanofilms through interfacial polymerization.One is that the nanofilms with ordered sub-nanopores achieve accurate molecular sieving atångström precision,and the other is that the permeability of hydrophobic polyamide nanofilms to hydrophobic liquid is significantly enhanced by an order of magnitude.The thoughtful design and excellent performance provide a feasible strategy for the development of membrane separation,and show great potential in industrial applications(drug separation and crude oil fractionation).
