目的:激素性股骨头坏死家兔模型是最常用的股骨头坏死动物模型,其股骨头病理学改变与临床较为接近,但目前国内外报道的造模条件、方法和评价标准等均不统一,导致所建立动物模型的科学价值低、难于推广应用。此次研究旨在明确不同造模条...目的:激素性股骨头坏死家兔模型是最常用的股骨头坏死动物模型,其股骨头病理学改变与临床较为接近,但目前国内外报道的造模条件、方法和评价标准等均不统一,导致所建立动物模型的科学价值低、难于推广应用。此次研究旨在明确不同造模条件对激素性股骨头坏死家兔模型建立的影响,分析模型成功建立的适宜条件。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Web of Science、PubMed和EMbase数据库中截至2022-04-01前有关激素性股骨头坏死家兔造模的文献,依据纳排标准以及文献质量评价等完成对文献的筛选并提取文献中结局指标数据,运用RevMan、Stata和ADDIS统计软件对纳入数据进行Meta分析。结果:(1)最终纳入82篇文献,共1366只家兔纳入研究,激素性股骨头坏死造模方法分为单纯激素法、激素联合脂多糖法和激素联合血清法3种,其中单纯激素法33篇文献,激素联合脂多糖法20篇文献,激素联合血清法29篇文献;(2)Meta分析结果显示,3种造模方法均能显著增加激素性股骨头坏死家兔股骨头空骨陷窝率(P<0.001),显著降低激素性股骨头坏死家兔股骨头骨小梁面积比(P<0.001);各造模方法的空骨陷窝率排序结果为:激素联合脂多糖法>单纯激素法>激素联合血清法>正常组;骨小梁面积比排序结果:正常组>激素联合血清法>单纯激素法>激素联合脂多糖法;(3)亚组分析结果提示:单纯激素诱导的家兔模型空骨陷窝率可能与家兔品种和造模用激素种类有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中新西兰白兔合并效应量高于中国白兔(P<0.05)和日本白兔,地塞米松合并效应量高于其他激素种类;激素联合脂多糖诱导的模型空骨陷窝率与激素种类和脂多糖给药模式有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠合并效应量显著高于其他激素种类(P<0.05),泼尼松龙合并效应量显著低于其他激素种类(P<0.05),脂多糖100μg/kg×2次的合并效应量显著低于10μg/kg×2次和50μg/kg×2次(P<0.05);激素联合血清诱导的模型空骨陷窝率与激素种类和血清剂量有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中地塞米松磷酸钠合并效应量显著高于其他激素种类(P<0.05),地塞米松合并效应量显著低于其他激素种类(P<0.05),血清“10 mL/kg+6 mL/kg”组合剂量的合并效应量低于其他血清剂量(P<0.05)。结论:(1)以空骨陷窝率和骨小梁面积比作为模型成功建立的判断标准,3种造模方法都可成功构建家兔激素性股骨头坏死模型,其中激素联合脂多糖法最优;(2)选择单纯激素法时建议使用新西兰白兔和地塞米松,选择激素联合脂多糖法时建议使用甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠和低剂量脂多糖,选择激素联合血清造模法时建议使用地塞米松磷酸钠。展开更多
Based on patent cooperation data,this study used a range of city network analysis approaches in order to explore the structure of the Chinese city network which is driven by technological knowledge flows.The results r...Based on patent cooperation data,this study used a range of city network analysis approaches in order to explore the structure of the Chinese city network which is driven by technological knowledge flows.The results revealed the spatial structure,composition structure,hierarchical structure,group structure,and control structure of Chinese city network,as well as its dynamic factors.The major findings are:1) the spatial pattern presents a diamond structure,in which Wuhan is the central city;2) although the invention patent knowledge network is the main part of the broader inter-city innovative cooperation network,it is weaker than the utility model patent;3) as the senior level cities,Beijing,Shanghai and the cities in the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta Region show a strong capability of both spreading and controlling technological knowledge;4) whilst a national technology alliance has preliminarily formed,regional alliances have not been adequately established;5) even though the cooperation level amongst weak connection cities is not high,such cities still play an important role in the network as a result of their location within ′structural holes′ in the network;and 6) the major driving forces facilitating inter-city technological cooperation are geographical proximity,hierarchical proximity and technological proximity.展开更多
Based on the social network analysis methods and human network, this paper randomly selected 44 students (31 males and 13 females) as the research objects, and it used the UCINET software to analyze the friendship bet...Based on the social network analysis methods and human network, this paper randomly selected 44 students (31 males and 13 females) as the research objects, and it used the UCINET software to analyze the friendship between them of which 43 used WeChat and 44 used QQ, and it also used the tool Netdraw to visualize the network sociogram. By mining the four aspects of density, accessibility, centrality, block model, the results demonstrated that QQ social network and WeChat social network existed the phenomenon of small world, leaders and subgroups, and the key nodes of QQ human network were more than WeChat network. Through using the key nodes, it can push the precise and efficient information and improve the accuracy of information transmission and impact among network members.展开更多
文摘目的:激素性股骨头坏死家兔模型是最常用的股骨头坏死动物模型,其股骨头病理学改变与临床较为接近,但目前国内外报道的造模条件、方法和评价标准等均不统一,导致所建立动物模型的科学价值低、难于推广应用。此次研究旨在明确不同造模条件对激素性股骨头坏死家兔模型建立的影响,分析模型成功建立的适宜条件。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Web of Science、PubMed和EMbase数据库中截至2022-04-01前有关激素性股骨头坏死家兔造模的文献,依据纳排标准以及文献质量评价等完成对文献的筛选并提取文献中结局指标数据,运用RevMan、Stata和ADDIS统计软件对纳入数据进行Meta分析。结果:(1)最终纳入82篇文献,共1366只家兔纳入研究,激素性股骨头坏死造模方法分为单纯激素法、激素联合脂多糖法和激素联合血清法3种,其中单纯激素法33篇文献,激素联合脂多糖法20篇文献,激素联合血清法29篇文献;(2)Meta分析结果显示,3种造模方法均能显著增加激素性股骨头坏死家兔股骨头空骨陷窝率(P<0.001),显著降低激素性股骨头坏死家兔股骨头骨小梁面积比(P<0.001);各造模方法的空骨陷窝率排序结果为:激素联合脂多糖法>单纯激素法>激素联合血清法>正常组;骨小梁面积比排序结果:正常组>激素联合血清法>单纯激素法>激素联合脂多糖法;(3)亚组分析结果提示:单纯激素诱导的家兔模型空骨陷窝率可能与家兔品种和造模用激素种类有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中新西兰白兔合并效应量高于中国白兔(P<0.05)和日本白兔,地塞米松合并效应量高于其他激素种类;激素联合脂多糖诱导的模型空骨陷窝率与激素种类和脂多糖给药模式有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠合并效应量显著高于其他激素种类(P<0.05),泼尼松龙合并效应量显著低于其他激素种类(P<0.05),脂多糖100μg/kg×2次的合并效应量显著低于10μg/kg×2次和50μg/kg×2次(P<0.05);激素联合血清诱导的模型空骨陷窝率与激素种类和血清剂量有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中地塞米松磷酸钠合并效应量显著高于其他激素种类(P<0.05),地塞米松合并效应量显著低于其他激素种类(P<0.05),血清“10 mL/kg+6 mL/kg”组合剂量的合并效应量低于其他血清剂量(P<0.05)。结论:(1)以空骨陷窝率和骨小梁面积比作为模型成功建立的判断标准,3种造模方法都可成功构建家兔激素性股骨头坏死模型,其中激素联合脂多糖法最优;(2)选择单纯激素法时建议使用新西兰白兔和地塞米松,选择激素联合脂多糖法时建议使用甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠和低剂量脂多糖,选择激素联合血清造模法时建议使用地塞米松磷酸钠。
基金Under the auspices of Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(No.13&ZD027)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41201128,71433008)
文摘Based on patent cooperation data,this study used a range of city network analysis approaches in order to explore the structure of the Chinese city network which is driven by technological knowledge flows.The results revealed the spatial structure,composition structure,hierarchical structure,group structure,and control structure of Chinese city network,as well as its dynamic factors.The major findings are:1) the spatial pattern presents a diamond structure,in which Wuhan is the central city;2) although the invention patent knowledge network is the main part of the broader inter-city innovative cooperation network,it is weaker than the utility model patent;3) as the senior level cities,Beijing,Shanghai and the cities in the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta Region show a strong capability of both spreading and controlling technological knowledge;4) whilst a national technology alliance has preliminarily formed,regional alliances have not been adequately established;5) even though the cooperation level amongst weak connection cities is not high,such cities still play an important role in the network as a result of their location within ′structural holes′ in the network;and 6) the major driving forces facilitating inter-city technological cooperation are geographical proximity,hierarchical proximity and technological proximity.
文摘Based on the social network analysis methods and human network, this paper randomly selected 44 students (31 males and 13 females) as the research objects, and it used the UCINET software to analyze the friendship between them of which 43 used WeChat and 44 used QQ, and it also used the tool Netdraw to visualize the network sociogram. By mining the four aspects of density, accessibility, centrality, block model, the results demonstrated that QQ social network and WeChat social network existed the phenomenon of small world, leaders and subgroups, and the key nodes of QQ human network were more than WeChat network. Through using the key nodes, it can push the precise and efficient information and improve the accuracy of information transmission and impact among network members.
