Study on Influencing Factors and Mechanism of Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents Gathering in Zhejiang Province

This paper systematically studies the influencing factors and mechanism of the agglomeration of scientific and technological innovation talents in Zhejiang Province. The findings are as follows: Firstly, environmental factors such as marketization level, financial development, opening to the outside world, infrastructure construction, medical resources, educational resources, cultural resources and policy support have a positive impact on the agglomeration of scientific and technological talents in Zhejiang Province;Secondly, in the transmission mechanism of the influence of various environmental factors on the concentration of scientific and technological talents in Zhejiang, economic development plays an intermediary role, and the effect is obvious. Various environmental factors indirectly affect the concentration of scientific and technological talents in Zhejiang through economic development. Finally, although both the level and quality of economic development have significant effect on the total concentration of scientific and technological talents in Zhejiang, the mediating effect of economic development level is more significant. These studies are for Zhejiang Province. It provides a theoretical basis for cultivating high-end talents and realizing the agglomeration of scientific and technological innovation talents.

The Relationship between Water Resources Use Efficiency and Scientific and Technological Innovation Level: Case Study of Yangtze River Basin in China

The Yangtze River Basin’s water resource utilization efficiency(WUE)and scientific and technological innovation level(STI)are closely connected,and the comprehension of these relationships will help to improve WUE and promote local economic growth and conservation of water.This study uses 19 provinces and regions along the Yangtze River’s mainstream from 2009 to 2019 as its research objects and uses a Vector Auto Regression(VAR)model to quantitatively evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of the coupling coordination degree(CCD)between the two subsystems of WUE and STI.The findings show that:(1)Both the WUE and STI in the Yangtze River Basin showed an upward trend during the study period,but the STI effectively lagged behind the WUE;(2)The CCD of the two subsystems generally showed an upward trend,and the CCD of each province was improved to varying degrees,but the majority of regions did not develop a high-quality coordination stage;(3)The CCD of the two systems displayed apparent positive spatial autocorrelation in the spatial correlation pattern,and there were only two types:high-high(H-H)urbanization areas and low-low(L-L)urbanization areas;(4)The STI showed no obvious response to the impact of the WUE,while the WUE responded greatly to the STI,and both of them were highly dependent on themselves.Optimizing their interaction mechanisms should be the primary focus of high-quality development in the basin of the Yangtze River in the future.These results give the government an empirical basis to enhance the WUE and promote regional sustainable development.

Scientific and technological progress and innovation of Three Gorges Project

In the design,construction and operation periods of the Three Gorges Project (TGP),great challenges have been met in different fields such as water resources and hydropower project construction,electromechanical equipment manufacture and ecological environment protection.In view of the key techniques and difficulties in the construction period,scientific and technological breakthroughs have been made by the experts and scholars of various fields and a series of innovative achievements are gained,which make the scientific and technological levels in relevant fields improved.Some major innovative achievements in the construction and operation of TGP are enumerated,which are significant for the hydropower project construction and clean energy development in the future in China.

High-quality Development of Selenium-enriched Industry in Guangxi Driven by Scientific and Technological Innovation

As the largest natural selenium-enriched soil area in China,Guangxi has achieved a leapfrog development in its selenium-enriched industry through the implementation of major scientific and technological projects driven by selenium-enriched innovation.The selenium-enriched industry has also become a new force in the poverty alleviation industry in Guangxi,making remarkable achievements.While summarizing and sorting out the effective measures and effects of scientific and technological innovation driving the development of selenium-enriched industry,the present paper analyzed some shortcomings and problems in the high-quality development of the selenium-enriched industry driven by the scientific and technological innovation.Finally,in view of the problems,it came up with pertinent recommendations and countermeasures,to better promote high-quality development of the selenium-enriched industry and boost the rural revitalization.

Research on the Coupling Mechanism of Creative Spirit Cultivation and Scientific and Technological Innovation Development

Migration and innovation is the driving force of scientific and technological development.By analyzing the coupling relationship between the two,this paper finds out the common elements shared by the two factors,and constructs the coupling guarantee mechanism between them,so as to provide suggestions for the coordination,win-win and synchronous benign development of the spirit of makers and the development of scientific and technological innovation,and promote the sustainable development of the national innovation system.

Scientific and Technological Innovation Is an Important Approach to Ensuring China’s Oil Security

With the rapid and continual growth of national economy, the gap between oil demand and supply keeps widening in China, therefore China will increasingly depend on imported oil. However, the world＇s oil and gas resources are unevenly distributed; global world＇s oil prices remain high; and over 70 percent of China＇s imported oil has to be shipped through the Malacca Strait. There are various ways to ensure China＇s oil security today, and the practical and feasible strategic option is to increase the discovery and production of domestic oil, raise energy efficiency and develop petroleum substitutes. Scientific and technological innovation is crucial both in new oil reserves discovery and production, energy conservation, and in the development of petroleum substitutes, establishment of a strategic oil reserve system and for environment protection. This indicates that China should take effective measures in investment strategy, fiscal policies, financing instruments, intellectual property protection, fostering talents and professionals, so as to establish its own scientific and technological innovation system in the petroleum industry and be better able to ensure oil security.

Problems of Agricultural Technological Innovation in China and Countermeasures

Major problems of agricultural technological innovation in China were summarized as below: first,poor agricultural science and technology system; second,deficient technological promotion system; third,shortage of agricultural professionals; fourth,serious shortage of science and technology input. In view of these problems,the following suggestions were given to improve the innovation of agricultural technology in China. ( 1) Restructuring agricultural research institutes,establishing cooperative innovation centers,improving agricultural technological innovation system; ( 2) Specifying the direction of research projects,improving scientific research level of technicians,so as to improve the agricultural technological innovation capacity; ( 3) Improving promotion and service stations in towns,organizing technological service teams of agricultural universities and colleges,establishing agricultural technological promotion systems; ( 4) Increasing input in agricultural technological innovation by attracting government input,enterprise investment and other financial support; ( 5) Cultivating more talents of agricultural technology,training leading agricultural technicians,grassroots agricultural service staff and practical talents.

To Promote Scientific and Technological Innovation from Higher Starting Point

The year of 2008 has been a time of achieving major victory besides withstanding enormous challenges for the economic and social development of China. Under the correct leadership of the Party Central

A Decade of Scien tific and Tech no logical Inno vati on at Chin ese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College:Retrospect and Prospect

Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation,this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC’s efforts in safeguarding people’ s health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research,disease prevention and treatment,and medical technology in the past ten years.These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS& PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.

Existing Problems and Recommendations for Cultivation of Agricultural Science and Technology Talents in China

China is a large agricultural country. Healthy and rapid development of agriculture plays an important role in overall socialist construction of China. To realize sustainable agricultural development,cultivation of agricultural science and technology innovation talents should be strengthened. Through analyzing existing problems in cultivation of agricultural science and technology innovation talents and combining actual situation of China's agricultural development,this paper came up with pertinent recommendations for strengthening China's agricultural science and technology talent cultivation,including improving agricultural science and technology innovation talent cultivation system,implementing " government- industry- university- institute" talent cultivation mode,speeding up construction of experimental teaching demonstration center,and applying human resource theories.

Study on Training Ways of Marine Science and Technology Talents Based on Behavior Analysis

Firstly,the behavior of marine science and technology talents,such as scientific research,innovation,agglomeration and flow behavior,was analyzed,and then the problems in the training of marine science and technology talents were discussed.Finally,the training ways of marine science and technology talents were proposed.

Research on Coordinating relations between Industrial agglomeration and Regional Technology Innovation Ability in Yangtze River Economic Belt

Based on principal component analysis, coordinated development model and location entropy, this paper analyzes the coordinated development of regional scientific and technological innovation ability and industrial agglomeration level and the spatial differences in Yangtze River economic zone. Firstly, the regional science and technology innovation ability is divided into two parts： innovation input and innovation transformation result. The accumulation of knowledge outside the region is introduced as a variable influencing the correlation effect, and the index system of regional innovation capability is constructed. According to the degree of coordination between the regional technological innovation ability and the level of industrial agglomeration, the Yangtze River economic belt provinces and municipalities are divided into moderate disorder class, serious disorder class, extreme disorder class, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region interregional knowledge accumulation weak.

实验教学中心在科研训练和学科竞赛管理方面的探索与实践

创新型人才培养是实现高水平科技自立自强的必然要求,大学生的科研训练和实验竞赛对创新型人才培养发挥了重要作用。本文结合中山大学化学国家级实验教学示范中心建设的实际情况,对近年来组织实施本科生开展创新实验项目和学科竞赛的情况、遇到的问题及取得的成效进行介绍和分析,探讨实验教学中心如何发挥资源优势,更好地管理和组织本科生的科研训练和学科竞赛,有效培养大学生的科研思维和实践能力,进一步提升创新型人才的培养水平。

油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成评估

科技创新是发展新质生产力的核心力量,而科技创新人才是创新过程中的第一要素。作为油气生产的主要参与主体,油气企业要实现高水平科技自立自强,归根结底要依靠拥有高水平创新能力的人才队伍。为了激发科技人才创新活力动力,在人才价值创造与评估现状分析的基础上,依据生产全要素视角下的科技创新价值分享理论与方法,建立了油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成评估方法。研究结果表明:(1)油气企业科技创新是一个系统性的复杂过程,匹配油气企业科技创新特征、具有产业适应性的人才价值评估理论与方法较少;(2)油气企业科技创新人才价值溯源分成,是以油气科技创新成果经济价值评估结果为前提对参与成果创造的团队和个人按照实际贡献进行价值追溯与量化的过程,需要通过对单项科技创新成果经济价值溯源和科技创新成果完成人价值溯源两次溯源来实现;(3)以创新成果为导向的科技创新人才价值贡献率是人才价值溯源分成的核心参数,由完成人参与度、完成人创新度、完成人贡献度为内容的综合评估指标体系共同确定。结论认为,该方法为加快建立以创新价值、业绩、贡献为导向的人才评价体系提供了参考,能够有效解决人才在油气科技创新活动中的经济价值量化问题,对推动高水平科技自立自强有现实意义。

The Great Leap Development and Outlook of China's Scientific and Technological Strength(2000-2035)

Scientific and technological strength,the ability to achieve national strategic goals in science and technology,is not only a significant component of national comprehensive strength,but also the scientific and technological innovation foundation for continuous strengthening national comprehensive strength.The quantitative evaluation of China's scientific and technological strength from 2000 to 2020 shows tremendous progress in science and technology,transitioning from a catching-up country to an innovationdriven country.China has moved from the second array to the first array of global science and technology,securing a historic shift from mere quantity to high quality.This fully demonstrates the political advantage on the overall leadership of the Communist Party of China,the strategic advantage of innovation-driven development,and the advantages of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide under the socialist market economy with a wealth of human resources in science and technology.Based on China's strategic requirements of pursuing self-reliance and strength in science and technology as support for national development,this paper proposes policy recommendations for the futuredevelopment of variousadvantagess and favorable conditions,aimingg to strengthen nationa1lstrength insstrategic science and technology and to implement the innovation-driven developmentstrategy.Furthermore,prospects for China's scientific and technologica1l visionfor 2025 and 2035 are presented,envisioning a significant increase in scientific and technological strength and China's entry into the advanced ranks among the most innovative countries in the world.

民营经济高质量发展与新质生产力:关联机理与互动路径

习近平总书记在创新发展马克思主义生产力理论的基础上提出“新质生产力”这一以科技创新为主导、以关键性颠覆性技术突破为依托的全新生产力概念。新质生产力是对传统生产力的升级与飞跃,旨在推动我国实现高质量发展。改革开放以来,民营经济在我国解放、发展生产力的过程中发挥了重要作用。步入新发展阶段,民营企业将因具备创新发展意识、产业创新优势、企业家精神才能等特殊优势而成为我国培育新质生产力的有生力量。与此同时,民营经济也将在形成新质生产力的过程中实现发展质量变革。为此,要支持民营企业参与关键核心技术攻关,动员民营企业助推新型工业化与产业现代化,引导民营经济布局新兴产业和未来产业,完善支持民营企业培育新质生产力的体制机制,以实现民营经济高质量发展与新质生产力培育的良性互促。

新质生产力的内涵特征、内在逻辑和实现途径——推进中国式现代化的新动能

新质生产力是生产力在信息化、智能化社会中,随着科技创新的提质增速和高端产业的勃兴融合呈现的高级形态,主要包含“高素质”劳动者、“新介质”劳动资料和“新料质”劳动对象三大要素。生产力的发展是实现中国式现代化的根本前提,作为先进的生产力,新质生产力同中国式现代化全体人民共同富裕的目标指向、协调发展的根本要求、和平发展的实现路径具有高度适配性,是推进中国式现代化的新动能。为使新质生产力真正增益于中国式现代化,要以新质生产力服务高质量发展,为中国式现代化奠定坚实的物质基础;要推进原始创新、集成创新、开放创新,以科技创新涵养新质生产力;要壮大战略性新兴产业、积极培育未来产业,推动新质生产力茁壮成长;要塑造劳动者的科学思维、增强劳动者的创新能力、培育劳动者的协作精神,确保新质生产力竞相迸发与充分涌流。

新质生产力:逻辑、内涵及路径

作为人类社会进步决定性力量的生产力总是处在不断新质化的运动当中,它的每一次新质化都推动着人类社会向前迈进。其中,生产力的系统性新质化牵动着人类社会实现跨越式发展。人类社会诞生至今,已经发生过两次生产力的系统性新质化,分别推动人类社会步入农耕时代和工业时代。当前,第三次生产力系统性新质化正在发生,推动着人类社会由工业时代转向数字信息时代,而新质生产力正是这次生产力跃迁的科学写照。新质生产力的“新”展现为新要素、新技术、新产业,“质”体现为高质量、多质性、双质效,“力”表现为数字、协作、绿色、蓝色和开放五大生产力。新质生产力的运行机理,就是以科技创新为轴心,将要素系统革新的牵引力通过技术系统这一媒介传导至产业系统,最终实现对传统生产力三大系统的全面重塑。加快形成新质生产力,要从四个方面入手,包括全面塑强科技创新整体能力、积极促进新要素迅速成长、聚力推进核心技术研发应用和加快建设现代化产业体系。

新质生产力:一个理论框架与指标体系

新质生产力是习近平总书记2023年9月在黑龙江考察调研期间提出的一个全新概念。它以科技创新为关键核心,在最大程度释放人的创造性和保护生态环境的基础上,以战略性新兴产业和未来产业为支柱,构建现代化产业体系。本文从生产力三个构成要件对应性构建了衡量指标,提出了1-2-3-4的新质生产力理论框架,为后续生产力研究奠定了基础。“1”即一个关键核心,以科技创新为关键核心;“2”即两个根本原则,即最大程度释放人的聪明智慧原则和最大限度保护生态环境原则;“3”即三个基本要求,即低污染、低消耗、低投入;“4”即四个主要内容,即形成新的竞争优势、培育现代企业群体、构建现代产业体系和建立良好生态环境。并提出培育新质生产力的四个主要路径:一是优化人力资本结构;二是健全科技创新体制;三是完善现有产业体系;四是营造良好生态环境。

全球心血管疾病学术影响力评价(CAPE)体系的方法探索

目的:构建全球心血管疾病学术影响力评价(Cardiovascular Academic Performance Evaluation,CAPE)体系,并对全球医疗机构心血管疾病学术影响力进行排名。方法:由心血管疾病领域人员和图书情报人员提取医学主题词表(MeSH)、Embase同义词表、国际疾病分类(ICD)中心血管疾病相关术语,建立心血管术语词表(即阜外词表),设定缺血性心脏病、高血压、血管疾病、心律失常、肺血管疾病、心力衰竭、先天性心脏病、心肌病和瓣膜性心脏病等9个亚学科,实现亚学科分类、心血管术语词、入口词的映射。检索Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus数据库2016年1月1日至2022年12月31日的心血管领域论文,并对元数据进行去重融合;应用阜外词表对论文中主题词、题目、关键词、摘要等4个位置的内容进行检索匹配,生成论文“位置-心血管术语词-频次”的信息表,计算每一篇论文心血管学科相关度积分及亚学科积分。对论文的机构名、学者名进行规范化清洗,基于心血管强相关(相关度积分≥4分)原创性论文开展全球心血管疾病领域学术影响力的评价。针对全国医疗机构(心血管)的科技评价,还采集了国家自然科学基金项目、授权发明专利、获奖成果、科研平台、注册试验[国家药品监督管理局药品审评中心(CDE)药物临床试验登记数据]等数据。结果:检索到全球2016~2022年心血管领域论文1545103篇,剔除摘要、书籍、传记、新闻、视频、音频、撤稿、更正声明后为1178019篇,使用阜外词表标引“心血管强相关”论文518058篇。还采集到11143项心血管相关国家自然科学基金项目、19382项心血管相关有效授权发明专利、103项心血管相关国家级获奖成果、24个心血管相关国家科研平台、2084项CDE心血管相关药物临床试验登记等数据。经组织心血管疾病及其亚学科专家团队针对各自亚学科论文进行核对和验证,改进学科分类规则,最终锁定11项指标构建了心血管疾病和9个亚学科领域的综合评价指标体系。2016~2022年,中国发表心血管疾病研究论文数量增幅为123.5%,共发表约7.68万篇,平均每天约30篇,仅次于美国(约11.41万篇),居世界第二位。但中国期刊引证报告(JCR)分区和中国科学院分区论文占比仅居世界第八位。在2020~2022年全球医疗机构心血管原创研究论文影响力综合评估中,仅2家中国医疗机构进入前20名。结论:CAPE项目基于2016~2022年多源数据基础,首次探索建立了心血管领域机构学术影响力综合评价指标体系。