Impact of human settlements quality on urban vitality based on multisource data:A case study of Shahekou District,Dalian,China

Urban geography has always been concerned about the influence of human settlements on urban vitality,but few studies reveal the influence of human settlements on urban vitality at a micro-scale.This paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of human settlements’quality and urban vitality at the micro-scale using Geodetectors and geographic weighted regression to analyze the relationship between human settlements and urban vitality.The results are shown as follows:there is still a significant development space for human settlements quality in Shahekou District,with obvious spatial dependence characteristics and significant gaps between various systems;the urban vitality of Shahekou District has obvious timeliness,and the urban vitality undergoes significant changes over time,which is related to the human settlements quality.The spatial distribution presents a single core spatial distribution structure with strong relative stability.The spatial distribution of cold and hot spots shows a pattern of“high in the north and low in the south,high in the east and low in the west”,with an increasing trend from southwest to northeast;the reachability of public transport has a significant impact on urban vitality.Its synergy with other variables is the leading force forming the spatial distribution of urban vitality.The environmental system,support system and social system are the significant factors affecting the urban vitality of Shahekou District.

ON THE RELATION BETWEEN THE EVOLUTION OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN FACTORS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN SETTLEMENT——Take the Lanzhou Valley Basin as An Examples

Lanzhou Valley Basin is composed of two smaller diamond-shaped basins striking from NW to SE and including 6 river terraces. The lower terraces remaining even and smooth are main sites for city buildings. The main function of Lanzhou urban settlement is a ferry and transport centre. Lanzhou used to be an im-portant crossing site and post on the 'silk road',and then became a transport and trade centre in Northwest China. In the middle part of the 17th century, Lanzhou became the capital of Gansu,a new province. The development process of Lanzhou urban settlement indicates that urban settlement is a system consisting of natural environment and human society based on the former.

The Natural Environment Suitability and the Suitability Degree of Human Settlements in Mid-southern Liaoning Urban Agglomerations,China,in Relation to the Population Distribution

Human settlement is a necessary factor for human survival and development.The scientific assessments of the natural suitability and appropriateness of human settlements contribute to addressing the discord between ecological environments and economic development and fostering sustainable development in the relationship between humans and nature.Building upon established methods for assessing human settlement suitability,this study investigated the natural suitability of the living environment in the urban agglomeration of mid-southern Liaoning.Based on this exploration,the suitability of the degree of human settlements for the population distribution in the study area from 2000 to 2020 was calculated.The results revealed three important points.(1)Nearly one-fifth of the study area,the area around the offshoot of Changbai Mountain,is a critically suitable area.More than half of this area,generally the buffer zone connecting the Liaohe Plain and the offshoot of Changbai Mountain,is generally suitable for human settlements.The proportion of suitable areas is only 25.53%,mostly on the Liaohe Plain along the Liaodong Peninsula by the Yellow Sea.(2)The overall spatial distribution of human settlement exhibits a pattern that is moderate-low in the middle and high on both sides;and higher in the southern part and lower in the northern part.(3)The human settlement suitability degree is higher in the western regions and lower in the eastern regions,with Shenyang and Panjin in the west having the highest suitability,while Benxi in the east exhibits the lowest habitat suitability.From 2000 to 2020,except for Shenyang and Panjin where suitability remained constant,the suitability degree of other cities has improved.Among them,Dandong experienced the most significant increase in suitability.

Coupling Coordination Relationship between Ecological Human Settlements and the Happiness Levels of Residents in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

Promoting the coordinated development of ecological human settlements and the happiness levels of residents will help to promote people-centered high-quality development.This study was based on the 2011-2021 data of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration,and constructed an evaluation index system of ecological human settlements and the happiness levels of residents.The entropy value method,coupling coordination degree model,Dagum Gini coefficient and Geodetector model were used to explore the coupling coordination relationship and influencing factors of these two systems.The findings indicate that ecological human settlements and the happiness levels of residents in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration have shown an upward trend over time.By 2021,the overall level of the region had significantly improved.The coupling coordination level between these two systems has gradually increased,showing a spatial distribution pattern of high in the east and low in the west.The Dagum Gini coefficient shows a fluctuating downward trend in the overall and intra-regional differences,with the largest inter-regional difference between Shanghai and Anhui,and the inter-regional difference is the main source of the spatial differences.Economic development level(Eco)was the main factor influencing the coupling coordination of the two systems from 2011 to 2021.The results of this study provide references for constructing ecological human settlements and enhancing the happiness levels of residents.

The Research on Determinants of Moving Labors’ Settlement in Urban Area

Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the migration of moving labor and the explanation of becoming permanent urban residents,this research takes migration mode(migration) as the dependent variable,sex(sex) ,age(age) ,monthly income(income) ,education degree(edu) ,working experiences(exp) ,social relation(relation) ,and social security(security) as the independent variables.According to the investigation of China Agricultural University in the year 2009,Logistic Binary Choice Model is used to construct the corresponding econometric model and to measure the effects of influencing factors on the selection of migration mode.Result shows that education degree,personal ability,social relation,and social security are the major influencing factors determining the peasant households becoming permanent urban residents;and human capital and social security construction are of great significance to the improvement of farmers’ income and life quality.

The Impact of Urban Renewal on Public Service Facilities in Shenzhen during Inventory Development Stage:An Empirical Analysis of Futian District

As the material carrier of social service industry,public service facilities are important indicators to measure human settlement.With the continuous deepening of inventory development practice,urban renewal has gradually become one of the sources of supply of public service facilities.Focusing on the urban renewal activities of Futian District,Shenzhen from 2010 to 2016,the study conducts an empirical study on the pattern of public service facility networks before and after urban renewal through social network analysis.The fi ndings show that:①on the whole,the public service system in Futian District has been effectively improved during urban renewal development;②the impact of urban renewal on public service system is characterized by differentiation,among which industrial and commercial facilities have been signifi cantly improved,while educational and medical facilities have been hardly improved;③urban renewal has a clear policy orientation as an institutional means,and promoting economic restructuring and industrial reorganization is still the primary purpose of urban renewal during inventory development stage.

Fringe View: Problems and Construction of Human Settlement Environment for "Village-in-City"

The construction of human settlement environment is one of the important contents in the domain of sustainable development. We try to annotate human settlement environment for "village- in-city" from the angle of fringe view. According to the macro-system thought of human settlement environment science, the evolvement, which can be generalized into four phases, connotation and problems (including social, economic, and environmental problems) of "village-in-city" are discussed primarily in this paper. Some domestic and international researches and practices are also summarized and assessed in the paper. Based on the analysis, some appropriate clues and suggestions for the construction of "village-in-city" have been put forward.

权力、资本和地方:传统村落人居环境有机更新的机制与路径研究

传统村落人居环境有机更新是增进村民福祉、延续传统文化的重要抓手,是实现乡村振兴战略和共同富裕目标的路径选择之一。基于有机更新理论,采用“权力—资本—地方”三元辩证视角分析,构建了“搭建有机更新共同体的网络体系—形成多元主体协同共建的互动机制—提出有机更新共同体的行动路径”的分析框架,以湖南省岳阳县张谷英村为例,对张谷英村人居环境有机更新进行机制探索和路径选择。研究发现:1)传统村落人居环境有机更新是指政府、企业和村民三大更新主体,为实现有机秩序修复和传统功能转型两大更新目标,通过精准判定、精准修复和精准施策的更新方式提供多元保障的过程。2)张谷英村人居环境更新经过4个阶段的实践演进,最终在多元主体协同共建模式下成功搭建有机更新共同体网络体系。张谷英村政府强化权力规制机制、企业落实资本投入机制、村民践行地方参与机制,共同构成了张谷英村“构建有机更新网络、培育有机更新信任和形成有机更新规范”的三维互动机制。3)基于三维互动机制,针对张谷英村管理失衡、收益失策和权益失位的现实阻滞,提出了规划制定和监管强化、责任共担和收益共享、意识强化和行为规范的行动路径。研究从多元主体视角对传统村落人居环境有机更新研究进行补充,对张谷英村的保护和发展具有一定的实践指导意义。

人居环境视野下城市更新片区开发模式探究

城市更新片区开发是我国目前城市化进程转型的重要举措。研究从人居环境的理论层面出发,思考了城市更新片区开发的相关因素,分析了片区开发规划设计的“点、线、面”的具体操作,探讨了其运作模式及城市更新政策层面的一些具体模式,进而结合我院承揽的西安灞桥区及河北沧州城市更新项目,对城市更新片区开发模式进行了相关研究,对TOD模式、POR公共资源导向型模式、产城融合型模式以及旅游资源型模式进行总结,对同类项目有一定借鉴意义。

论中国古代都城规划的形制束与规范变——基于《考工记》后17个古代都城的实证

针对中国古代都城规划在学界一直存有争论的两个基本问题:(1)为什么《考工记》在后世实践中鲜有完全匹配其形制的案例?(2)为什么本出同源的明清都城与秦汉都城在空间形制上差异如此之大?从社会思潮的视角,提出自然形制、人文形制、功能形制以形制束的方式平行作用于都城,且其规范经多次历史变迁的总论点。剖析了各形制内容,阐述了规范变迁的社会动因与演变过程。实证以西周至清代17个都城城址为依据,通过对历代城址图的连续性切片解构,构建出以“形制-规范”为横轴、历代都城时序为纵轴的形制束解析框架和规范变迁表,并辅以“史料-图解-数据”的文-图-数实证支撑体系,验证上述论点。为古代都城规划摆脱孤立个案研究提供了一种新思路。

新型城镇化背景下乡村人居环境治理策略研究——以河南省信阳市为例

改善人居环境,建设美好的居住环境是新型城镇化建设的关键。本文以信阳市为例,分析了其新型城镇化的现状和人居环境建设实践,并提出加强政府的顶层设计、推进乡村基础设施建设、推动城乡融合发展、建设宜居宜业和美乡村,坚持贯彻绿色发展理念等新型城镇化背景下信阳乡村人居环境治理的措施,希望为相关部门提供参考。

New-Type Urbanization and the Development of the Sciences of Human Settlements in China

As urbanization is an evolutionary process of the open giant system of complex spaces,solutions should be sought based on the scientifi c method of "limited solutions to complex problems." Firstly,as people are the core of human settlements,urbanization should show its care for humans and thus for human settlements; secondly,a human settlement civilization should be cultivated on the basis of ecological civilization; thirdly,rural development should be promoted in units of county,in order to coordinate the urban-rural development; fourthly,it should encourage the decision-makers and think tanks to improve the management mechanism. As transformation becomes the general trend of this era,we need also to understand the Sciences of Human Settlements from the perspective of scientifi c transformation,which is expected to break new grounds in the Sciences of Human Settlements.

中国西部旅游城镇化与人居环境的时空耦合协调性及驱动力

本文在构建旅游城镇化与人居环境耦合协调理论框架的基础上,运用耦合协调模型、空间引力模型、地理探测器等方法,实证分析2005-2019年中国西部旅游城镇化与人居环境的时空耦合协调性及驱动力。结果表明:①旅游城镇化与人居环境综合指数均值呈上升态势,旅游城镇化发展水平增速快于人居环境,但人居环境指数整体高于旅游城镇化。②旅游城镇化与人居环境耦合协调度的中级协调区域居多,2017年以后演变为高级协调,耦合协调类型逐渐由旅游产业滞后型向同步发展型转变。③旅游城镇化与人居环境耦合协调度空间趋势极不均衡,空间联系强度呈现出以宁夏–陕西–重庆–贵州为主轴的链状式空间关联格局。④耦合协调度差异是不同驱动因素共同作用的结果,国际旅游收入是主导性驱动,人均社会固定资产投资是根本性驱动,A级景区数量是原生性驱动,其中国际旅游收入与A级景区的交互影响作用解释力最强。

Urban Village Renovation Planning from the Perspective of Human Settlements Theory:A Case Study on Wuhan

Based on the analysis on the characteristics of human settlement of urban villages in Wuhan,the paper examines the special urban social functions of urban villages during their self-evolution process.The totally market-led mode of urban village renovation has neglected existing positive social effects and failed to provide fair development opportunities for disadvantaged groups,and it will hinder the construction of a diversified and vigorous urban socio-ecological environment.In view of the situation,the paper suggests that in order to meet the urban socio-spatial demands during the specific period of social transition,measures should be adopted to re-examine and adjust the strategies and planning techniques concerning market-led urban village renovation with the improvement of sustainable human settlement as the goal.

千年大计、持续耕耘--雄安新区全过程规划咨询的实践探索

在高质量发展和空间规划体系改革的大背景下,城市的发展方式和发展动力都产生了巨大变化,传统的规划、建设、管理体系已经难以适应新发展理念的要求。雄安新区作为高质量发展的全国样板,从设立伊始就承担着探索一整套先进、系统、可借鉴的城市规划、建设、治理经验的重任。基于2016年以来的全过程规划咨询实践,重点从“谋、规、建、治”4个方面进行系统梳理。在新区谋划之初,应对国家空间规划体系改革,探索建立了全领域、多层次的规划体系;在规划编制阶段,回归城市本源,践行新发展理念导向的理想人居空间;在开发建设过程中,根据主体多、要求高、规模大、时间紧的开发建设特征,总结出“3个转换”的工作方法;在规划治理环节,围绕编制审批、政策标准和实施监督,逐步完善“三位一体”的规划治理体系。

天山北坡城市群人居环境适宜性评价

基于人居环境自然和人文综合要素,构建了人居环境综合适宜性指数(HSCI),以天山北坡城市群为研究区,分析其2022年的空间分异规律。结果表明:(1)天山北坡城市群自然环境的空间适宜性受地形起伏度和温湿指数影响显著,整体为一般适宜区集中连片分布、高度适宜区零星分布在天山北坡山麓地带的绿洲。其中胡杨河市和乌鲁木齐县的自然环境适宜性最好;(2)人文环境的空间适宜性受夜间灯光指数和基础服务指数的影响较大,整体形成以乌鲁木齐市和石河子市为中心的“双核”空间特征,并有向周围递减的趋势;(3)天山北坡城市群人居环境综合适宜性指数最好的地方人口分布最多,充分体现了乌鲁木齐市作为区域极核的地位;(4)人居环境适宜性指数与天山北坡城市群的人口、经济和土地匹配程度不足。高质量和较高质量区土地面积仅占总量的2.62%,经济则占总量的54.69%,人口高达总量的59.06%。说明天山北坡城市群地区人口与经济在适宜性方面具有高度匹配性,但人居适宜性指数较高的土地存在过度集中和利用的情况。

局地气候分区视角下城市气候与人居环境研究进展

城市气候与人居环境交互影响。局地气候分区(Local Climate Zone, LCZ)推动了城市形态刻画与气候演变规律探索,为城市气候与人居环境研究提供了统一框架。学术界对其研究大多聚焦在城市热环境和气候风险方面,正在向多要素气候模拟和考虑社会经济因素方向发展。审查了主题、方法和主要结论,发现“局地气候分区”、“城市热岛”、“地表温度”、“管理”和“社区”出现频率最高。采用文献计量和专题分析方法,梳理并总结了2012—2023年6月LCZ城市气候与人居环境研究在LCZ制图、相互作用和适应性策略三方面的进展,并展望了未来的研究重点。结果表明,(1)全球已在超过280座城市开展了LCZ研究,LCZ全球数据集的推广扩大了研究尺度且丰富了研究内容;(2)大多研究分析了风热环境为主的气候要素在局地尺度上的时空特征,探讨产生异质性的原因及其对人居环境的作用机理,揭示了城市蓝绿空间对于优化冷却效果、防范和治理热源等缓解性策略的重要性。其中自2018年起LCZ热环境研究向多元化发展,研究区域开始出现大都市圈或城市群;(3) LCZ能够辅助识别人居环境中高度暴露和脆弱的地区,近年来的研究趋向于在气候/生态风险评估中寻找适应性策略,且更加关注易感人群和低收入者。综述将有利于LCZ框架下城市气候与人居环境研究现状和发展趋势的宏观把握,为后续研究提供思路。

长株潭城市群人居环境质量评价及空间分异研究

[目的]分析长株潭城市群内各市县之间人居环境质量的时空演变差异,探究其空间分异格局的成因,为未来长株潭城市群缩小人居环境差距,构建良好人居环境提供科学支撑。[方法]选取长株潭城市群2013年、2015年、2017年、2019年、2021年相关人居环境指标,运用熵值法、耦合协调度和地理探测器模型等研究方法,对长株潭城市群包括23个区市县人居环境质量及其分异机理展开探究。[结果](1)总体上研究区内人居环境质量都得到不同程度的改善,但有差距扩大的趋势;(2)空间分布呈“中心高、周边低”向“均衡”的格局发展;(3)城市群各市县人居环境耦合度高但协调度较低;(4)从自然生态环境、经济发展环境、社会保障环境和个人居住环境等方面进行影响因素分析发现:自然生态环境对人居环境的改善起着底托作用;经济发展环境是人居环境改善的关键;社会保障环境是人居环境的后盾;个人居住环境是人居环境质量高低的直接体现。[结论]长株潭城市群内各市县间的人居环境在时空发展过程中没有达到一个较好的协调发展阶段,人居环境的质量是一个多因素综合作用的结果,长株潭城市群各地区要自觉承担“三高四新”和强省会战略的历史使命,依托各自的优势实现经济错位发展和高质量发展;进一步完善各地区的基础设施和城市更新行动,加强生态环境建设,实现资源的均等性;党和政府工作重心下沉,关注基层群众的基本民生问题,从而建成高质量的人居环境。

城镇开发边界划定智慧技术集成研究——基于人居环境科学视角

城镇开发边界是空间增长底线的管控工具,与人类活动和人居环境建设密切相关。科学划定城镇开发边界需要人居环境科学和智慧技术有机结合。现有对城镇开发边界划定技术背后的理论支撑研究不足,对人居环境全系统尤其是人的因素关注不够,同时各类技术探索相对碎片化,缺乏对边界划定全流程技术的整合与集成应用。本文以人居环境科学为理论内核,从人的需求、人居环境的系统性和复杂性出发,提出系统耦合“双评价”、系统动力学模型、城镇开发潜力评价模型及多情景地理模拟等关键技术的城镇开发边界划定的智慧技术集成框架,科学支撑城镇发展需求预测、国土空间格局研判和城镇用地布局调控,为城镇开发边界划定和国土空间格局优化提供有益借鉴。

“双碳”背景下的城市地下空间光热环境的节能设计研究进展与展望

城市地下空间节能设计作为实现“双碳”目标的重要途径,其光热环境的调控受到学者们的广泛关注。目前已证实地下空间的光热环境具有巨大的节能潜力,但光热环境与节能设计之间的影响关系和结合途径尚未厘清。研究通过界定以人为本、取于自然、建筑节能等关键问题,深入解析城市地下空间设计对空间光热环境及能源消耗的影响,确定建筑节能的上下限,并提出地下空间光热环境节能的设计流程链,以期解决地下空间光热环境能耗高、碳排高的问题,为城市地下空间的能源使用效率与人居环境质量的提高提供参考。