Cavitation of a Submerged Jet at the Spherical Valve Plate/Cylinder Block Interface for Axial Piston Pump

The spherical valve plate/cylinder block pair has the advantages of strong overturning resistance and large bearing area.However,the configurations of the unloading and pre-boosting triangular grooves on the spherical valve plate are different from those in the planar valve plate,resulting in special cavitation phenomenon on the spherical port plate pair.In order to study cavitation characteristics of spherical port plate pair,a dynamic CFD model of the piston pump including turbulence model,cavitation model and fluid compressibility is established.A detailed UDF compilation scheme is provided for modelling of the micron-sized spherical oil film mesh,which makes up for the lack of research on the meshing of the spherical oil film.In this paper,using CFD simulation tools,from the perspectives of pressure field,velocity field and gas volume fraction change,a detailed analysis of the transient evolution of the submerged cavitation jet in a axial piston pump with spherical valve plate is carried out.The study indicates the movement direction of the cavitation cloud cluster through the cloud image and the velocity vector direction of the observation point.The sharp decrease of velocity and gas volume fraction indicates the collapse phenomenon of bubbles on the part wall surface.These discoveries verify the special erosion effect in case of the spherical valve plate/cylinder block pair.The submerged cavitation jet generated by the unloading triangular grooves distributed on the spherical valve plate not only cause denudation of the inner wall surface of the valve plate,but also cause strong impact and denudation on the lower surface of the cylinder body.Finally,the direction of the unloading triangular groove was modified to extend the distance between it and the wall surface which can effectively alleviate the erosion effect.

Single-acting double-stator multi-pumps and multi-motors

We investigated a series of novel motors and pumps with a new structure called double-stator. Double-stator can be used as pump or motor just for the working condition on demand. A certain amount of pumps or motors are formed in one shell and these subpumps or submotors can work alone or in company without influence on other pumps or moters. This kind of double-stator pumps (motors) are called multi-pumps (multi-motors). Through the analysis of multifarious connection modes of single-acting double-stator multi-pumps and multi-motors, the mathematical expressions of output flow rate, rotational speed and torque are acquired. The results indicate that different flow rates can be provided by one fixed displacement double-stator multi-pump system under the condition of an unalterable driven speed. Likewise, under the terms of a fixed input flow and without complex variable mechanisms, the functions of double speeds, multiple speeds and even differential connection can be realized by a double-stator multi-motor system with various output rotational speeds and torques.

STUDY ON POWER SPARE COEFFICIENT OF ELECTRICAL MOTOR IN LARGE PUMP STATION BASED ON RELIABILITY

Characters of head of low head pump station and the pump shaft power areanalyzed. Influence of each single factor on pump shaft power is expressed as change of specificshaft power. (non-dimensional) and the probability density function is determined. Influences ofmultiple factors on pump shaft power are analyzed. Method of calculating none over-loadedprobability of motor by integration by successive reductions is put forward and then relationbetween power spare coefficient and none over-loaded reliability of electric motor is established.Influences of all factors on pump shaft power being considered completely; power spare coefficientsof motor are calculated in three kinds of heads (changing and unchanging), two kinds of dirty-outconditions. Electrical motor power spare coefficients should be chosen as 1.20 approx 1.44, 1.11approx 1.19, 1.09 approx.14 respectively when pump heads are 4, 7, 9.5 m. The results mean much toreasonable choose of electrical motors in large pump stations, increasing reliability of pump unitsand saving equipment investment.

Pressure control strategy for pump motor energy transfer unit

Multi-level pressure source system is a novel hydraulic system with distinct advantage of energy saving. In order to balance each pressure level of the multi-level pressure source system, a pump motor energy transfer unit is usually equipped. However, the pump motor energy transfer has the characteristics of poor starting and low response, which cause long time of pressure adjustment and large pressure jitter when the transformer is switched to system suddenly and the motor-side pressure has pressure impact when rail of the pump-side is switched. To address these problems, this paper proposes a compound control strategy of feedforward compensation control with Fuzzy-PID to improve the controllability of the multi-level pressure source system. A test rig of the pump motor energy transfer unit is built and the controllability of compound controller and PID controller are compared. The experiment results show that, compared with the traditional PID, the adjustment time and the pressure impact are reduced by 20% and 25% with the proposed compound control strategy. Therefore, the presented compound control strategy can be used to improve starting performance and robustness of the pump motor energy transfer unit control system.

Design on Vibration Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis System of Large Water Pump Motor

Large water pump motor,whose operation decides the reliability of the whole production line,plays a very important role.Therefore,its online condition monitoring can help companies better know its operation,process fault analysis and protection.The essay mainly studies and designs large water pump motor′s real time vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis system.The essay completes the systems project design,the establishment of the system and performance test.Eddy-currentsensor,XM-120 vibration module,XM-320 axial translation module,XM-362 temperature module,XM-360 process amount module and XM-500 gateway module are used to measure the axial vibration and displacement of main motors.Laboratory tests prove that the system can meet the requirements of motor vibration monitoring.

Novel sucker rod pumping system based on linear motor technology

Obtaining petroleum at the cost of electrical energy is a common problem in almost all oil fields, and it is mainly caused by low duty radio of induction motor used in beam pumping units. Traditional beam-pumping units have many intrinsic disadvantages such as low efficiency, complex transmission devices, poor flexibility, tremendous volume and weight in long stroke, etc.Therefore, a novel direct driven linear electromagnetic pumping unit (EMPU) has been developed by combining oil extraction technology with linear motor technology. The thrust of EMPU matches the changing of suspension center load to improve the system efficiency and cut down the consumption of energy. Based on previous experience, a small-scale prototype was developed and a simulation was conducted with it. Both theoretical analyses and experimental study showed that the problems exiting in beam pumping units can be solved with EMPU system, and this is a new method which can be used to solve high energy waste in oil fields.

Dynamic Modelling of Submersible Pump Based Solar Water-Pumping System with Three-Phase Induction Motor Using MATLAB

The main purpose of this paper is to design and model a water-pumping system using a submersible multi-stage centrifugal pump driven by a three-phase induction motor. The system is intended for pumping water to the surface from a deep well using three power supply systems: a general network, a photo-voltaic (PV) system, and a PV system with a battery bank. These systems are used to compare two three-phase induction motors—namely, a motor with a drive and another one without a drive. The systems dynamic models are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and the results compared with the manufacturer’s data for validation purposes. The simulation results generally show system dynamics and expected performance over a range of operation.

LQ Speed Control of Pump Controlled Motor System

A linear quadric (LQ) optimal speed control algorithm is proposed for the speed control of a pump controlled motor hydraulic system. The control theme consists of optimal state feedback and disturbing compensation based on observation. The optimal state feedback bases on LQ cost function. The disturbing compensation is realized through reconstructing the state of load torque. A series of simulation are performed, and the results show that the control performance is satisfactory and can be maintained under changes of load torque.

LMI Approach to Robust H_∞/H_2 Controller Design with Regional Poles Constraint of a Pump-Motor System

The time domain guideposts requirements of a pump-motor system is transfered into a series of constraints which express the robust performance upper bound and regional poles limits of the closed loop system. Then the servo system control problem is transferred into the problem of robust performance optimizing under regional poles constrains described by linear matrix inequality （LMI）. These LMIs are easy to solve through the Matlab LMI-toolbox. Simulations indicate that the controller has excellent dynamic, static and disturbance rejection performance, and the control system is robust and has perfect H2 performance to the bounded external torque disturbance.

叶轮中心淹没深度对特低扬程下立式泵装置流道水力性能的影响

为提高特低扬程泵站立式轴流泵装置的水力性能,该研究对叶轮直径为3.0、2.5、2.0、1.5 m的立式轴流泵装置在不同叶轮中心淹没深度下的进、出水流道流场分别进行了三维湍流流动数值计算,并对流道流场和水头损失进行了分析比较;对某特低扬程泵站在叶轮中心淹没深度为3.08、2.38、1.68 m下的立式轴流泵装置水力性能分别进行了数值计算及比较,并进行了泵装置模型试验验证。研究结果表明:叶轮中心淹没深度对肘形进水流道的水流流态及水头损失的影响很小,但对虹吸式出水流道的流态和水头损失影响较大;随着叶轮中心淹没深度的增大,虹吸式出水流道内的流态逐渐改善,流道水头损失基本呈下降趋势,泵装置效率逐渐增大,特低扬程工况下泵装置模型试验最优工况点的效率达75.92%,泵装置能量性能数值模拟结果与模型试验结果基本一致。研究结果可为特低扬程泵站采用立式泵装置的设计提供一定参考依据。

真空泵用屏蔽电机无传感器残压重投控制策略

针对真空干泵机组故障、生产工艺需要等原因影响真空设备产线在线运行时间的问题,研究真空干泵用屏蔽式感应电机带速重投策略,寻求重投的有利时刻以保证带速重投的成功,对电机断电后的转速和定子失电残压特性展开研究。为此,根据屏蔽感应电机空间向量模型,建立基于电压电流混合磁链观测的无速度传感器估算模型、推导电机断电期间的转速估算方法以及定子失电残压解析式。通过重点研究定子残压和虚拟重投电压间幅值特性和相角特性,确定控制系统的首次重投点和其次重投点。以4 kW真空干泵用屏蔽感应电机机组为例,通过模型仿真和失电残压实验验证了该控制方法在泵类工程中有较好的适用性和准确性,重投阶段的转速稳定时间为0.5 s以内,重投阶段的冲击电流平均减小59.18%。

固体发动机喷管热结构耦合数值仿真研究

针对在热载荷与内压联合作用下,固体火箭发动机潜入式喷管的热结构耦合数值仿真问题,采用流体仿真软件与结构计算软件,展开了数值模拟。在流体仿真软件中,计算了潜入式喷管工作过程的内部稳态流场,提取了高温燃气流动参数与固体壁面对流换热系数。在有限元结构计算平台内,编写了非均布壁面压力载荷与非均布对流换热系数子程序,耦合求解了喷管热结构耦合问题,获取了热防护材料内部温度场与应力场分布。研究表明,热载荷是引起喉衬应力的主要原因。喉衬环向压应力与拉应力随时间呈现先增大后减小的过程。经地面喷管结构完整性热试车试验验证,该热结构耦合数值仿真方法可用于喷管结构完整性与安全性分析,为喷管结构设计提供合理指导。

基于FPCB绕组的导管泵用电动机设计及损耗分析

基于无槽无刷直流电动机具有体积小、功率密度高、无齿槽转矩的特点,采用柔性印刷电路板(FPCB)技术设计了一种导管泵用无槽无刷微型直流电动机,提出了基于3D多物理场耦合模型分析方法,对导管泵用无槽无刷微型直流电动机进行了损耗分析和优化设计.结果表明:导管泵用无槽无刷微型直流电动机的铜损占整个电动机损耗的88%左右,是导致电动机发热的主要原因;在温度场仿真中,温度变化会改变电动机损耗,影响电动机输出转矩;在流场仿真模型中,电动机温度会使人体血液温度升高,影响血液相容性;流动的血液会带走部分热量,降低电动机温度;绕组优化后的导管泵用电动机输出转矩得到提高,损耗得以降低.

泵/马达困油现象充分缓解的等排量大模数方法

为了充分缓解外啮合齿轮泵/马达困油现象,在确保产品输出能力不变的等排量前提下,分析模数对困油腔内的负荷流量、泄漏流量和卸荷流量的影响,提出了一种等排量大模数的设计方法,并基于这3种流量的瞬时平衡和同齿形参数、不同模数下卸荷面积的演绎计算,计算出困油压力并由此判断出困油现象的缓解程度。结果表明,对于给定的齿轮副和工况条件,等排量下的齿宽系数反比例于模数的3次方,模数越大,困油现象越趋于缓解,且径向力越小,但齿宽系数越小;同齿形参数、不同模数下的卸荷面积等于模数的平方乘基准模数为1下的卸荷面积,从而为同齿形参数、不同模数下的卸荷面积计算,提供了极大方便;卸荷槽外通的进出口压力互为颠倒,导致泵较马达的困油现象更严重,但等排量小模数马达同样也会出现较为严重的困油现象。得出了选择最大化/较大的模数应为泵/马达的设计准则的重要结论。

5 MW级全功率变速恒频发电电动机调试期间发现的问题及解决方案

国内首座全功率变速恒频抽水蓄能示范电站机组在安装调试期间发现了一些问题,本文针对发电电动机方面所遇到的一些问题及解决方案进行了详细的阐述,可作为其他抽蓄电站机组调试的经验借鉴。

基于TRIZ理论的一种提升罗茨真空泵基础压力的设计方法

以TRIZ理论为研究工具,采用因果分析方法得到了影响罗茨真空泵基础压力的根本原因和薄弱点,通过技术矛盾和技术系统进化法则解决方案模型的启示,进一步改进了罗茨真空泵的密封结构和转子型线,然后基于改进方案,对ZJP70型罗茨真空泵进行了优化。测试结果表明:在同等条件下,优化后的新型罗茨真空泵基础压力提升明显,同时最大零流量压缩比、整机漏率和噪声等核心指标也得到了显著改善。

多指标排序优选抽油井工作参数软件研发

针对原有抽油机井工作参数软件与采油生产实际结合不够紧密、使用不方便的问题,经过技术攻关研发出多指标排序优选抽油井工作参数软件。首先确立以产液量指标为主、井下效率指标为辅、安全指标可靠的优选抽油井工作参数的设计思路,其次是建立以产液量计算为核心的系统算法。应用工程计算和经验公式相结合的方法,通过抽油泵沉没压力使供液量与排液量建立联系,将与供液量接近的排液量作为产液量,进而计算出井下效率、悬点载荷和抽油杆负载率。对所有“泵径、冲程、冲次”组合的优势产液量和优势井下效率及其对应的指标和下泵深度以列表方式输出,对所有指标与井下效率的关系以曲线方式输出,经过排序对比即可挑选出各项指标均占优势且稳定可靠的抽油井工作参数组合,实现抽油井工作参数优化设计的目标。该软件自2017年应用以来年均指导调参130井次,平均单井增产原油63.54 t,提高井下效率3.2%,取得了显著的应用效果。

基于多目标遗传算法的屏蔽泵叶轮水力优化

为改善屏蔽泵叶轮综合水力性能,搭建了ANSYS-Workbench与iSIGHT联合优化平台,采用优化拉丁立方设计对叶片骨线、前后盖板及叶缘厚度等共28个备选参数进行敏感性分析.基于各参数对目标函数影响程度,确定叶片前盖板及骨线处等9个参数作为最终优化输入参数,选取Kriging代理模型与非支配排序遗传算法NSGA-Ⅱ对效率及扬程迭代寻优,最终依据不同权重分配给出2种叶片优化方案.通过数值模拟验证,优化方案1与方案2在额定工况下效率分别提升1.98%和2.83%,扬程分别提升15.73 m和13.39 m,运行区间水力外特性均有明显提升.研究结果表明:前盖板参数z 3对效率及扬程影响最大,分别达到-18.99%与-30.10%;使用Kriging代理模型的预测精度最高,总误差E 0值为3.393%;在0.83 Q BEP~1.12 Q BEP运行区间,方案1与方案2的扬程明显高于原方案,方案1在最优流量工况的优化效果最为显著,达13.89%.

变速抽水蓄能电机在发电工况不同转速下磁场和损耗研究

本文对变速抽水蓄能发电电动机的电压方程、磁链方程、电磁转矩方程和运动方程进行了推导,并建立了10MW变速抽水蓄能发电电动机二维电磁场的数学方程和物理模型,对变速抽水蓄能发电电动机的电磁场数学方程进行了计算,得到了变速抽水蓄能电机在发电机工况下超同步速时定子电压和定子电流的波形,分析了变速抽水蓄能电机在发电机工况下不同转速时磁密的分布规律,研究了不同转速下定子铁芯损耗和转子铁芯损耗占总铁芯损耗比例的变化规律。搭建了10MW变速抽水蓄能发电电动机样机试验测试平台,通过试验测试得到的结果与计算结果较为接近。

深井泵用永磁同步潜水电机性能分析与成本计算

目前在深井泵市场中,感应潜水电机的应用较为广泛,但是普遍体积大、效率低,水泵耗能严重。永磁同步电机具有高效率、高功率因数以及大功率密度等优点。因此用永磁同步电机代替感应电机作为深井泵的驱动设备,既能提高电机的性能,又能节能减费,响应国家“碳减排”的号召。为了满足最新电机能效等级的要求,根据深井泵对其配套电机要求的特殊性,针对市面上一款22 kW的深井泵用感应潜水电机,设计出一款相同型号的永磁同步潜水电机。运用有限元分析计算,对其在额定工况下性能参数以及各类损耗和感应电机的数据进行对比分析,并对所设计的永磁同步电机进行温度场仿真验证其合理性。对两种电机生产成本以及能耗值进行经济效益评估,计算结果证明所设计的永磁同步潜水电机在一定的时间内便可以完成电机的成本回收,性价比优越,同时为同类深井泵用电机的设计分析提供参考。