Effects of welding wire composition and welding process on the weld metal toughness of submerged arc welded pipeline steel

The effects of alloying elements in welding wires and submerged arc welding process on the microstructures and low-temperature impact toughness of weld metals have been investigated. The results indicate that the optimal contents of alloying elements in welding wires can improve the low-temperature impact toughness of weld metals because the proeutectoid ferrite and bainite formations can be suppressed, and the fraction of acicular ferrite increases. However, the contents of alloying elements need to vary along with the welding heat input. With the increase in welding heat input, the contents of alloying elements in welding wires need to be increased accordingly. The microstructures mainly consisting of acicular ferrite can be obtained in weld metals after four-wire submerged arc welding using the wires with a low carbon content and appropriate contents of Mn, Mo, Ti-B, Cu, Ni, and RE, resulting in the high low-temperature impact toughness of weld metals.

Arc characteristics of submerged arc welding with stainless steel wire

The arc characteristics of submerged arc welding （SAW） with stainless steel wire were studied by using Analysator Hannover （AH）. The tests were carded out under the same preset arc voltage combined with different welding currents. By comparing the probability density distribution （PDD） curves of arc voltage and welding current, the changes were analyzed, the metal transfer mode in SAW was deduced, and the characteristics of a stable arc were summarized. The analysis results show that, with an increase of welding parameters, the short-circuiting peak in the PDD curves of arc voltage decreases gradually until it disappears, and the dominant metal transfer mode changes from flux-wall guided transfer to projected transfer and then to streaming transfer. Moreover, when the PDD curves of arc voltage are both unimodal and generally symmetrical, the greater the peak probability and the smaller the peak span, the more stable the arc becomes.

Research on submerged arc welding wire for X100 pipeline steel

According to the study of the microstructure and properties of X100 pipeline steel, the welding consumable-wire based on Mn-Ni-Mo-B-Ti alloy system was successfully designed and developed. The yield strength of the deposited metal of the developed welding wire was 695 MPa, the tensile strength was 810 MPa, and Charpy impact energy was 92 J at negative 20 ℃ when matching with BSG-SJ101H1 sintered flux. The results of the weldability test for X100 pipeline steel which adopting this developed wire showed that the tensile strength of the weld was 827 MPa, 185 J of Charpy impact energy（ -10 ℃ ） , 97% of section of shear and the weld had good strength and toughness matching when the welding speed got to 1.7 m/min. The microstructure and fracture appearance of the weld were analyzed by using metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and laser confocal microscope, the results indicated that the microstructure was mainly granular bainite in the weld metal, and the fracture was dimple with 200 - 300 μm depth presenting a typical ductile fracture characteristics. The test of welding wire with different content of Ni and Cr element indicated that Ni was better than Cr in improving the strength and toughness of weld metal.

Inclusion behavior and microstructure of weld metal with Ce in twin wire high heat input submerged-arc welding

In this study,the welding thermal cycle curve exhibited two temperature peaks in high heat-input twin-wire separate-pool submerged-arc welding and coarse-grained heat affected zone existed in the welded joint. The inclusions of primary weld metal and coarse-grained heat affected zone of Ce-added SAW should be Al_2O_3,MnO,SiO_2,TiO,Ce_2S_3,CeS,Ce_2O_2S and Ce_2O_3. Under the effect of welding thermal cycle,oxy-sulfides inclusions of Ce,the diameter of which was less than 2. 0 μm,slightly grew larger,but the composition and type of the inclusions didn't change. The microstructure of the large heat input weld metal had acicular ferrite that Ce oxide sulphide particles induced nucleation and proeutectoid ferrite. In the coarse-grained heat affected zone of weld metal,home-position precipitation of acicular ferrite and sympathetic acicular ferrite were both observed. It was supposed that previous crystal cells of acicular ferrite in austenite grain promoted home-position precipitation of acicular ferrite. Meanwhile,sympathetic acicular ferrite tended to nucleate at the primary acicular ferrite grain boundaries,where high dislocation density was located,and grew inside the neighboring carbon-depleted austenitic regions. The granular bainite nucleated in the austenitic zone with high carbon content close to acicular ferrite and sympathetic acicular ferrite.

Prediction of cooling time t8/5 in twin wire submerged arc welding of intermediate thickness plate

Twin wire submerged arc welding （SAW） is widely used in oil or gas line pipe fabrication because of its high productivity. To investigate the strength and toughness of the heat-affected zone （HAZ） in twin wire SAW, the cooling time t8/5 of the coarse grained zone must be studied. The authors presented a method of predicting the cooling time in twin wire SAW of intermediate thickness plate. Based on Rosenthal analytical solutions, an energy factor was introduced to describe the energy contribution of the two wires, equations of thermal cycle and cooling time in twin wire SAW of both thick, and thin, plates were developed. Weighting factors determined by actual thickness and critical thickness were adopted to represent the thermal cycle and cooling time of intermediate thickness plate through linear interpolation with thick, and thin, plate solutions. The predicted cooling time for an intermediate thickness plate was verified experimentally, and the predicted results agreed therewith.

Research and engineering application of the arc welding pulsed controller technology

The tenacity of heat-affected zone （HAZ） will decline and the size of grains will increase, because of the overheating on HAZ when submerged are welding （SAW） is ased to thick plate with high heat input. The shaping will worsen when SAW is used to thin plate with high current at high speed. A new SAW technology, the pulsed direct current （DC） automatic SAW, will be put forward in this paper in order to overcome the above shortcomings. And a pulsed controller with micro-controller unit （MCU） as the core, nixie tube （NT） and keyboard as the man-machine conversation interface is developed. The main functions of the pulsed controller include the output of pulsed welding current and the working with twinwire. The research has widely prospects in application with significant meanings in theory and practical engineering.

基于SYSWELD的大厚板窄间隙双丝埋弧焊热过程数值模拟

基于60 mm厚Q345R钢,开展了窄间隙双丝埋弧焊焊接试验,得到了合理的工艺参数,焊缝成型平整均匀无任何缺陷.通过SYSWELD有限元软件对大厚板窄间隙双丝埋弧焊焊接热过程进行数值模拟分析,模拟的熔池宽与高和实际相比,误差率均控制在5%以内,并利用热电偶装置测得热影响区热循环曲线与模拟的热循环曲线变化趋势基本一致,具有升温快,降温慢的特点,验证了该模型的有效性.为后续利用该模型,进一步探究不同参数或边界条件对于大厚板窄间隙双丝埋弧焊焊接热过程与应力-应变规律提供理论指导.

厚板双面四丝单道埋弧焊接工艺参数设计及应用

结合焊缝熔深与四丝单道埋弧焊一丝焊接参数、钢板壁厚、坡口深度的函数关系,及焊丝填充面积与四丝单道埋弧焊一丝~四丝焊接参数、坡口深度、坡口角度的函数关系,设计厚板双面四丝单道埋弧焊接的焊接坡口尺寸及对应的焊接参数。依据此参数进行32 mm、40 mm和50 mm厚板双面四丝单道埋弧焊接试验。结果表明,设计的焊接工艺参数既可保证厚板大钝边尺寸双面焊接焊透,又能保证厚板大坡口截面填满,并可获得良好的焊接质量。

12Cr2Mo1V钢凸台附加填充丝埋弧堆焊工艺研究

针对12Cr2Mo1V钢加氢反应器壳体凸台采用单丝埋弧焊进行堆焊、制造效率低的问题,研究了采用附加填充丝埋弧焊的焊接方法堆焊12Cr2Mo1V材质凸台本体的工艺可行性。研究结果表明,在12Cr2Mo1V钢上采用附加填充丝埋弧焊进行本体堆焊,焊接工艺性良好;其工艺评定试验的各项力学性能完全满足母材的要求,特别是-30℃夏比KV_(2)型缺口冲击试验冲击值均≥54 J,抗回火脆化倾向评定试验结果均满足v Tr54+3Δv Tr54≤0℃的要求。与单丝埋弧堆焊相比,两枪六丝附加填充丝埋弧堆焊凸台可提高生产效率200%~250%。该项工艺研究在满足加钒钢凸台性能的前提条件下,能极大缩短凸台制造周期、节能减排,为加氢反应器先进绿色制造的发展提供了新的制造手段。

海上风电项目大厚板焊接工艺研究

对海上风电项目大厚板焊接工艺进行研究,选择可适应大线能量的焊材、母材,采用双丝埋弧焊的焊接形式,有效控制焊接参数,得到性能优良的焊缝。通过现场实际应用,验证了这种焊接形式的可靠性,为海上风电项目大厚板的焊接提供了可靠的工艺,可以指导现场进行生产。

基于熔合比分析的双丝埋弧焊堆焊工艺研究※

文章主要采用双丝埋弧焊堆焊焊接工艺,探索在Q345R钢板上堆焊S30408等奥氏体复材,并进行焊接工艺试验。在不同焊接工艺焊接参数下,通过应用计算机绘图软件PhotoshopCS4对堆焊焊接接头宏观金相照片进行染色,并计算染色面积,测定堆焊焊接接头的宏观金相熔合比,最后对堆焊接头进行微观组织观察、力学性能等性能分析,结果表明,当熔合比小于31%时,采用双丝埋弧焊堆焊工艺焊缝性能及成分满足工艺要求,有效减轻了劳动强度,提高了工效,具有良好的推广应用前景。

高强高韧性管线钢埋弧用焊丝的研制

研制的高强高韧性管线钢用埋弧焊丝与SJ10 1和SJ10 2焊剂匹配后的熔敷金属不仅具有很高的强度 (σs≥ 5 4 0MPa) ,而且还具有优良的低温韧性 (AKv - 1 0℃ ≥ 12 0J)。该焊丝的研制满足了屈服强度超过 5 0 0MPa以上管线钢对焊缝熔敷金属性能的要求。研究结果表明 ,要保证熔敷金属具有较佳的强韧性匹配 ,熔敷金属中的合金元素总量必须满足Ceq≥ 0 .38,Pcm≥ 0 .17,才能保证熔敷金属的强度 ,以及具有以针状铁素体为主焊缝组织 ;在文中的合金系统下 ,随着熔敷金属中C、Mn元素含量的增加 ,熔敷金属的针状铁素体组织的含量增加 ,韧性得到提高。随着焊剂碱度值的增加 ,熔敷金属中的氧含量降低 ,C、Mn元素增加 ,使得熔敷金属中的合金元素更趋向于最佳的配比 ,从而提高了韧性。

高铬铸铁耐磨堆焊埋弧药芯焊丝研究

采用自动埋弧堆焊对高铬铸铁埋弧药芯焊丝堆焊合金的组织及耐磨性进行试验,研究Cr/C对堆焊层的组织和耐磨性的影响。研究发现,Cr/C增加,初生碳化物形状越来越规则,初生碳化物的杆状纤维增长,增加堆焊层的韧性。初生碳化物微区Cr含量增加,增加初生碳化物显微硬度。Cr/C与初生碳化物面积分数对耐磨性的影响比较明显,其中初生碳化物面积分数与耐磨性呈线性关系。高铬铸铁堆焊层的耐磨性受到基体组织影响较大,由奥氏体及其分解产物构成的混合基体的堆焊层耐磨性最大。文中所研究的41#、43#、45#焊丝其堆焊层的耐磨性非常好,相对Q235钢的耐磨性分别为β41=27.1716、β43=18.6305和β45=19.7949。文中进一步探讨了耐磨堆焊层磨损过程中的孔洞效应及裂纹扩张效应。

高效埋弧焊技术的发展及应用

埋弧焊具有熔敷率高、焊接质量好等优点,是当今焊接生产中普遍使用的熔焊方法之一。介绍了多丝埋弧焊、带极埋弧焊、添加合金粉末埋弧焊、窄间隙埋弧焊、冷丝和热丝填丝埋弧焊等多种高效埋弧焊方法,并就各自的工艺特点、国内的应用情况进行了分析与总结。

桥梁钢Q370q双丝埋弧焊研究

以新型桥梁钢Q370q为研究对象,采用埋弧焊丝H10Mn2、CJQ-4分别进行双丝埋弧焊接试验,同时采用埋弧焊丝H10Mn2进行单丝埋弧焊接试验,通过对焊丝H10Mn2的双丝、单丝埋弧焊焊接接头以及焊丝H10Mn2、CJQ-4的双丝埋弧焊接接头进行对比研究,对每种接头在化学成分、微观组织、力学性能等方面的差异进行了理论分析。结果表明,双丝埋弧焊接桥梁钢Q370q在选择埋弧焊丝CJQ-4时,力学性能满足相关技术标准要求,焊接质量良好。

我国高性能管线钢埋弧焊焊丝的研究进展

简述了我国输油气管线钢的生产和应用,介绍了管线钢制管用埋弧焊焊丝研制工作,包括X60～X80级别管线钢的H08C、H08D、H05M、H03M系列埋弧焊丝的设计思想、成分设计及性能特点。还指出了X100级别高性能管线钢制管用焊丝的发展方向。

双丝埋弧焊的应用及发展

对单双丝埋弧焊焊接工艺和接头性能进行了对比分析,阐述了双丝埋弧焊替代单丝埋弧焊的可行性。论述了双丝埋弧焊的工艺技术及发展状况,提出了双丝埋弧焊的高效性为其快速发展提供了广泛空间。最后点明了双丝埋弧焊现如今存在的问题和未来的发展方向。

冷丝填充埋弧自动焊机数控系统的研制

提出一种由80C196KB单片机构成的数字控制冷丝填充埋弧焊系统的软、硬件设计方法。系统采用友好的操作界面、数字PI调节的软件实现以及通过利用电弧监测获得焊接过程熔池状态的判定控制冷丝自动填充等策略,实现了一种冷丝填充埋弧自动焊接新工艺的电源和过程控制。采用该系统的焊机具有良好的稳定性、可靠性和适应性,操作简单、方便。

管线钢大电流双面高速埋弧焊接用焊丝研制

介绍了石油、天然气输送管线用埋弧焊丝的特征及高韧性焊丝成分设计原则。分别采用 92kg高频感应炉实验室冶炼 ,5 0 0kg中频感应炉半工业性冶炼和 30 0t顶吹氧气转炉工业化大生产冶炼 ,进行焊丝研制。对所研制的焊丝配合烧结焊剂SJ10 1,进行了无坡口双面埋弧焊试验 ,测试了焊缝成分、冲击韧度、金相组织、硬度和接头抗拉强度。用扫描电镜分析了冲击断口形貌及夹杂物组成 ,透射电镜分析了焊缝金属的微观结构 ,俄歇试验分析了B、Ti、N在焊缝中的分布。结果表明 ,B在原奥氏体晶界偏聚 ,可抑制先共析铁素体在晶界析出 ,弥散分布的细小夹杂物有助于针状铁素体的生成 ,配合降低S、P、气体元素和杂质含量 ,可使焊缝金属具有高的韧性。焊缝硬度在HV185～HV2 14之间 ,与母材平均硬度HV190为同一水平。

缆式焊丝埋弧焊残余应力有限元分析

采用直径为2.4 mm的7根分焊丝,其中一根分焊丝(称为中心丝)位于中间,其余6根分焊丝(称为外围丝)围绕中心丝绞合组成直径为7.2 mm的缆式焊丝.试验用22 mm厚DH36船用钢板进行平对接缆式焊丝埋弧焊,采用小孔法对焊接接头进行残余应力测试;基于热弹塑性理论,建立缆式焊丝埋弧焊残余应力有限元数值分析模型,利用ANSYS软件对缆式焊丝埋弧焊残余应力进行模拟计算.结果表明,缆式焊丝埋弧焊的应力分布特征和幅值与单丝埋弧焊相近,纵向应力在焊缝及近缝区表现为拉应力,应力峰值为363 MPa;横向应力较小,焊缝上下部位呈现拉应力,中间呈现压应力.