Citrus bacterial canker(CBC) is resulted from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri(Xcc) infection and poses a significant threat to citrus production.Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) are critical in maintaining redox homeos...Citrus bacterial canker(CBC) is resulted from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri(Xcc) infection and poses a significant threat to citrus production.Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) are critical in maintaining redox homeostasis in plants, especially in relation to abiotic and biotic stress responses. However, the function of GSTs in resisting CBC remains unclear. Here, citrus glutathione S-transferases were investigated applying a genome-wide approach. In total, 69 CsGSTs belonging to seven classes were identified, and the phylogeny, chromosomal distribution, gene structures and conserved motifs were analyzed. Several CsGSTs responded to Xcc infection, as observed in the upregulation of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 in the CBC-sensitive ‘Wanjincheng' variety but not in the resistant ‘Kumquat' variety. CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 were localized at the cytoplasm. Transient overexpression of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 mediated reactive oxygen species(ROS) scavenging, whereas the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 caused strong CBC resistance and ROS burst. The present study investigated the characterization of citrus GST gene family, and discovered that CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 negatively contributed to CBC through modulating ROS homeostasis. These findings emphasize the significance of GSTs in infection resistance in plants.展开更多
中国“疣粒野稻”的小穗近等长于颗粒野稻,而短于疣粒野稻。内外稃(谷壳)表面电镜扫描形态是:中国“疣粒野稻”的山形瘤状突起分布较密,与颗粒野稻近似,但疣粒野稻则分布较疏。中国“疣粒野稻“的钩毛多为弯锥形:钩毛周围的硅质突起为...中国“疣粒野稻”的小穗近等长于颗粒野稻,而短于疣粒野稻。内外稃(谷壳)表面电镜扫描形态是:中国“疣粒野稻”的山形瘤状突起分布较密,与颗粒野稻近似,但疣粒野稻则分布较疏。中国“疣粒野稻“的钩毛多为弯锥形:钩毛周围的硅质突起为乳头状,顶端圆而光滑。疣粒野稻和颗粒野稻的钩毛为雀嘴形;钩毛周围的硅质突起为火山顶状,顶端具星状冠。以上述形态为主要依据,中国“疣粒野稻”与颗粒野稻和疣粒野稻均有明显区别;在地理分布方面也与上二亚种不同。所以,现将中国“疣粒野稻”另立一新亚种,为瘤粒野稻Oruza meyeriana (Zoll. et Mor.)Baill. subsp. tuberculata W. C. Wu et Y. G. Lu, G. C.展开更多
随着稻作科学研究的发展和人民生活水平的提高,我国对粳稻需求持续增加,粳稻面积不断扩大,明确目前不同稻区产量与品质性状现状及其相互关系,对今后北方粳稻育种有重要参考价值。本文利用2011—2013年北方稻区国家水稻新品种试验数据,...随着稻作科学研究的发展和人民生活水平的提高,我国对粳稻需求持续增加,粳稻面积不断扩大,明确目前不同稻区产量与品质性状现状及其相互关系,对今后北方粳稻育种有重要参考价值。本文利用2011—2013年北方稻区国家水稻新品种试验数据,根据地区和品种(系)特点划分为黄淮粳稻、京津唐粳稻、晚熟中早粳稻、中熟中早粳稻、早熟中早粳稻5种类型,分析了产量水平、产量构成因素、品质现状等类型间差异及其相互关系。结果表明,产量表现为中熟中早粳稻>早熟中早粳稻、京津唐粳稻、黄淮粳稻>晚熟中早粳稻。5种类型糙米率和整精米率平均值分别为83.66%和66.95%,垩白粒率和垩白度平均值分别为30.26%和3.08%。总体和不同类型产量与糙米率、精米率和整精米率均表现为显著的正相关,结实率与糙米率、精米率和整精米率均表现为显著的正相关,与垩白粒率表现为显著的负相关。籽粒长宽比与产量关系不密切,与糙米率大多显著负相关,而与整精米率的负相关均未达到显著水平。着粒密度与产量的关系也不密切,与穗数基本表现为显著负相关而与每穗粒数均表现为显著正相关,对结实率、千粒重和主要品质性状影响不大。根据上述结果可以认为,我国北方粳稻至少在9 t hm–2以下产量与主要品质性状的矛盾并不突出,可以在保持产量的基础上改进品质,或者在保持品质的基础上提高产量,使产量和品质在更高水平上达成新的平衡。展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFD1201600)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (Grant No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX1064)+1 种基金Earmarked Funds for the China Agriculture Research System (Grant No.CARS-26)Three-year Action Plan of Xi'an University (Grant No.2021XDJH41)。
文摘Citrus bacterial canker(CBC) is resulted from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri(Xcc) infection and poses a significant threat to citrus production.Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) are critical in maintaining redox homeostasis in plants, especially in relation to abiotic and biotic stress responses. However, the function of GSTs in resisting CBC remains unclear. Here, citrus glutathione S-transferases were investigated applying a genome-wide approach. In total, 69 CsGSTs belonging to seven classes were identified, and the phylogeny, chromosomal distribution, gene structures and conserved motifs were analyzed. Several CsGSTs responded to Xcc infection, as observed in the upregulation of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 in the CBC-sensitive ‘Wanjincheng' variety but not in the resistant ‘Kumquat' variety. CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 were localized at the cytoplasm. Transient overexpression of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 mediated reactive oxygen species(ROS) scavenging, whereas the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 caused strong CBC resistance and ROS burst. The present study investigated the characterization of citrus GST gene family, and discovered that CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 negatively contributed to CBC through modulating ROS homeostasis. These findings emphasize the significance of GSTs in infection resistance in plants.
文摘中国“疣粒野稻”的小穗近等长于颗粒野稻,而短于疣粒野稻。内外稃(谷壳)表面电镜扫描形态是:中国“疣粒野稻”的山形瘤状突起分布较密,与颗粒野稻近似,但疣粒野稻则分布较疏。中国“疣粒野稻“的钩毛多为弯锥形:钩毛周围的硅质突起为乳头状,顶端圆而光滑。疣粒野稻和颗粒野稻的钩毛为雀嘴形;钩毛周围的硅质突起为火山顶状,顶端具星状冠。以上述形态为主要依据,中国“疣粒野稻”与颗粒野稻和疣粒野稻均有明显区别;在地理分布方面也与上二亚种不同。所以,现将中国“疣粒野稻”另立一新亚种,为瘤粒野稻Oruza meyeriana (Zoll. et Mor.)Baill. subsp. tuberculata W. C. Wu et Y. G. Lu, G. C.
文摘随着稻作科学研究的发展和人民生活水平的提高,我国对粳稻需求持续增加,粳稻面积不断扩大,明确目前不同稻区产量与品质性状现状及其相互关系,对今后北方粳稻育种有重要参考价值。本文利用2011—2013年北方稻区国家水稻新品种试验数据,根据地区和品种(系)特点划分为黄淮粳稻、京津唐粳稻、晚熟中早粳稻、中熟中早粳稻、早熟中早粳稻5种类型,分析了产量水平、产量构成因素、品质现状等类型间差异及其相互关系。结果表明,产量表现为中熟中早粳稻>早熟中早粳稻、京津唐粳稻、黄淮粳稻>晚熟中早粳稻。5种类型糙米率和整精米率平均值分别为83.66%和66.95%,垩白粒率和垩白度平均值分别为30.26%和3.08%。总体和不同类型产量与糙米率、精米率和整精米率均表现为显著的正相关,结实率与糙米率、精米率和整精米率均表现为显著的正相关,与垩白粒率表现为显著的负相关。籽粒长宽比与产量关系不密切,与糙米率大多显著负相关,而与整精米率的负相关均未达到显著水平。着粒密度与产量的关系也不密切,与穗数基本表现为显著负相关而与每穗粒数均表现为显著正相关,对结实率、千粒重和主要品质性状影响不大。根据上述结果可以认为,我国北方粳稻至少在9 t hm–2以下产量与主要品质性状的矛盾并不突出,可以在保持产量的基础上改进品质,或者在保持品质的基础上提高产量,使产量和品质在更高水平上达成新的平衡。