BACKGROUND The rising number of people using methamphetamine leads to an increasing need for treatment options for this patient group.Evidence-based research on the efficacy of treatment programs for methamphetamine u...BACKGROUND The rising number of people using methamphetamine leads to an increasing need for treatment options for this patient group.Evidence-based research on the efficacy of treatment programs for methamphetamine users is limited.Due to specific characteristics of methamphetamine users,the question arises whether established treatment methods for individuals using other substances can be effective for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence as well.We hypothesize that there are significant differences between the two groups that may affect the effectiveness of treatment and worsen the prognosis of treatment outcomes for methamphetamine users compared to consumers of other substances.AIM To investigate potential differences in cognitive functioning and psychopathology between methamphetamine users and other substance users and possible correlations with treatment outcomes.METHODS A total of 110 subjects were recruited for an observational,longitudinal study from a German inpatient addiction treatment center:55 patients with methamphetamine dependence and 55 patients with dependence of other substances(“OS group”).Both groups were examined at beginning(baseline)and end of treatment(after 6 mo)with regard to treatment retention,craving,cognitive functioning,psychosocial resources,personality traits,depression,and other psychiatric symptoms.Instruments used were Raven’s IQ test,Mannheimer craving scale,cognitrone cognitive test battery,NEO personality factors inventory,Hamilton depression scale,Becks depression inventory,and a symptom checklist.The statistical methods used were χ^(2)-test,t-test and multiple mixed ANOVAs.RESULTS A total drop-out rate of 40%(methamphetamine-group:36.4%;OS-group:43.6%)was observed without significant differences between groups.At baseline,methamphetamine-group subjects significantly differed from OS-group individuals in terms of a lower intelligence quotient,fewer years of education,slower working speed,and decreased working accuracy,as well as less cannabinoid and cocaine use.Methamphetamine-group subjects further showed a significantly lower score of conscientiousness,depressive,and psychiatric symptoms than subjects from the OSgroup.In both groups,a reduction of craving and depressive symptoms and an improvement of working speed and working accuracy was noted after treatment.CONCLUSION There are differences between methamphetamine users and users of other drugs,but not with regard to the effectiveness of treatment in this inpatient setting.There are differences in cognitive function and psychopathology between methamphetamine and other drugs users.The existing treatment options seem to be an effective approach in treating methamphetamine dependence.展开更多
Studies have shown that per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)may be hepatotoxic in animals or humans.However,data on clinical epidemiology are very limited.In this study,21PFASs were determined in patients with li...Studies have shown that per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)may be hepatotoxic in animals or humans.However,data on clinical epidemiology are very limited.In this study,21PFASs were determined in patients with liver diseases,with the highest median concentrations detected in the serum sample(26.7 ng/mL),followed by blood(10.7 ng/mL)and urine(5.02 ng/mL).Higher total PFAS concentrations were found in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients compared to non-HCC patients,with significant discrepancies in serum and blood samples.Besides,significant correlations were also found among PFAS concentrations and age,gender,body mass index(BMI),and liver function biomarkers levels.For example,PFAS concentrations are significantly higher in males than in females;Several serum PFASs concentrations increase with age and BMI,while the serum perfluorohexane sulfonic acid(PFHxS)concentrations are negatively correlated with age.In addition,multiple regression models adjusted for age,gender and BMI found that increased serum perfluorobutane sulfonic acid(PFBS),perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid(PFHpS)and perfluorohexylphosphonic acid(PFHxPA)conentrations are correlated with elevated alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(p<0.05).Our results provide epidemiological support for the future study on the potential clinical hepatotoxicity of PFAS.展开更多
In this paper,we consider a nonautonomous competitive system with feedback controls and toxic substance.Some average couditions for the permanence and global attractivity of the system are obtained.It is shown that ou...In this paper,we consider a nonautonomous competitive system with feedback controls and toxic substance.Some average couditions for the permanence and global attractivity of the system are obtained.It is shown that our results are generalization or improvement of those of Zhao,Jiang and Lazer [Nonlinear Analysis:Real World Applications,5(4)(2004),265-276],Xia,Cao,Zhang and Chen [Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications,294(2)(2004),503-522] and Chen [Nonlinear Analysis:Real World Applications,in press]展开更多
为研究氯胺酮滥用对长期依赖者认知功能的影响,在线检索了PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science英文数据库,中国知网和万方数据平台中文数据库,检索日期截至2022年1月。两名研究者各自独立提取文献信息,提取数据后应用Stata 14.0...为研究氯胺酮滥用对长期依赖者认知功能的影响,在线检索了PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science英文数据库,中国知网和万方数据平台中文数据库,检索日期截至2022年1月。两名研究者各自独立提取文献信息,提取数据后应用Stata 14.0软件计算标准化均数差(standardized mean difference,SMD),95%可信区间(95%confi dence interval,95%CI)以及异质性。结果显示,最终符合标准的研究有8项,其中观察组285例,健康对照组345例。Meta分析结果表明,与健康对照组相比,氯胺酮滥用损害依赖者的认知处理速度(SMD=-1.16,95%CI:-1.48~-0.83,z=7.05,P<0.001)、言语记忆(SMD=-0.72,95%CI:-1.22~-0.22,z=-2.803,P=0.005)、视觉记忆(SMD=-0.70,95%CI:-1.18~-0.23,z=-2.890,P=0.004),且差异有统计学意义;而对于工作记忆(SMD=-0.05,95%CI:-0.66~0.55,z=0.18,P=0.859)和执行能力(SMD=0.19,95%CI:-0.27~0.66,z=0.81,P=0.418)的影响无统计学差异(P>0.05)。该结果说明,氯胺酮长期滥用可以显著损害依赖者的认知处理速度、言语记忆和视觉记忆,但未发现其对工作记忆与执行能力有显著作用。展开更多
基金the German Federal Ministry of Health(partially).
文摘BACKGROUND The rising number of people using methamphetamine leads to an increasing need for treatment options for this patient group.Evidence-based research on the efficacy of treatment programs for methamphetamine users is limited.Due to specific characteristics of methamphetamine users,the question arises whether established treatment methods for individuals using other substances can be effective for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence as well.We hypothesize that there are significant differences between the two groups that may affect the effectiveness of treatment and worsen the prognosis of treatment outcomes for methamphetamine users compared to consumers of other substances.AIM To investigate potential differences in cognitive functioning and psychopathology between methamphetamine users and other substance users and possible correlations with treatment outcomes.METHODS A total of 110 subjects were recruited for an observational,longitudinal study from a German inpatient addiction treatment center:55 patients with methamphetamine dependence and 55 patients with dependence of other substances(“OS group”).Both groups were examined at beginning(baseline)and end of treatment(after 6 mo)with regard to treatment retention,craving,cognitive functioning,psychosocial resources,personality traits,depression,and other psychiatric symptoms.Instruments used were Raven’s IQ test,Mannheimer craving scale,cognitrone cognitive test battery,NEO personality factors inventory,Hamilton depression scale,Becks depression inventory,and a symptom checklist.The statistical methods used were χ^(2)-test,t-test and multiple mixed ANOVAs.RESULTS A total drop-out rate of 40%(methamphetamine-group:36.4%;OS-group:43.6%)was observed without significant differences between groups.At baseline,methamphetamine-group subjects significantly differed from OS-group individuals in terms of a lower intelligence quotient,fewer years of education,slower working speed,and decreased working accuracy,as well as less cannabinoid and cocaine use.Methamphetamine-group subjects further showed a significantly lower score of conscientiousness,depressive,and psychiatric symptoms than subjects from the OSgroup.In both groups,a reduction of craving and depressive symptoms and an improvement of working speed and working accuracy was noted after treatment.CONCLUSION There are differences between methamphetamine users and users of other drugs,but not with regard to the effectiveness of treatment in this inpatient setting.There are differences in cognitive function and psychopathology between methamphetamine and other drugs users.The existing treatment options seem to be an effective approach in treating methamphetamine dependence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42177408)Guangdong(China)Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(No.2016ZT06N258)。
文摘Studies have shown that per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)may be hepatotoxic in animals or humans.However,data on clinical epidemiology are very limited.In this study,21PFASs were determined in patients with liver diseases,with the highest median concentrations detected in the serum sample(26.7 ng/mL),followed by blood(10.7 ng/mL)and urine(5.02 ng/mL).Higher total PFAS concentrations were found in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients compared to non-HCC patients,with significant discrepancies in serum and blood samples.Besides,significant correlations were also found among PFAS concentrations and age,gender,body mass index(BMI),and liver function biomarkers levels.For example,PFAS concentrations are significantly higher in males than in females;Several serum PFASs concentrations increase with age and BMI,while the serum perfluorohexane sulfonic acid(PFHxS)concentrations are negatively correlated with age.In addition,multiple regression models adjusted for age,gender and BMI found that increased serum perfluorobutane sulfonic acid(PFBS),perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid(PFHpS)and perfluorohexylphosphonic acid(PFHxPA)conentrations are correlated with elevated alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(p<0.05).Our results provide epidemiological support for the future study on the potential clinical hepatotoxicity of PFAS.
文摘In this paper,we consider a nonautonomous competitive system with feedback controls and toxic substance.Some average couditions for the permanence and global attractivity of the system are obtained.It is shown that our results are generalization or improvement of those of Zhao,Jiang and Lazer [Nonlinear Analysis:Real World Applications,5(4)(2004),265-276],Xia,Cao,Zhang and Chen [Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications,294(2)(2004),503-522] and Chen [Nonlinear Analysis:Real World Applications,in press]
文摘为研究氯胺酮滥用对长期依赖者认知功能的影响,在线检索了PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science英文数据库,中国知网和万方数据平台中文数据库,检索日期截至2022年1月。两名研究者各自独立提取文献信息,提取数据后应用Stata 14.0软件计算标准化均数差(standardized mean difference,SMD),95%可信区间(95%confi dence interval,95%CI)以及异质性。结果显示,最终符合标准的研究有8项,其中观察组285例,健康对照组345例。Meta分析结果表明,与健康对照组相比,氯胺酮滥用损害依赖者的认知处理速度(SMD=-1.16,95%CI:-1.48~-0.83,z=7.05,P<0.001)、言语记忆(SMD=-0.72,95%CI:-1.22~-0.22,z=-2.803,P=0.005)、视觉记忆(SMD=-0.70,95%CI:-1.18~-0.23,z=-2.890,P=0.004),且差异有统计学意义;而对于工作记忆(SMD=-0.05,95%CI:-0.66~0.55,z=0.18,P=0.859)和执行能力(SMD=0.19,95%CI:-0.27~0.66,z=0.81,P=0.418)的影响无统计学差异(P>0.05)。该结果说明,氯胺酮长期滥用可以显著损害依赖者的认知处理速度、言语记忆和视觉记忆,但未发现其对工作记忆与执行能力有显著作用。
