BACKGROUND The rising number of people using methamphetamine leads to an increasing need for treatment options for this patient group.Evidence-based research on the efficacy of treatment programs for methamphetamine u...BACKGROUND The rising number of people using methamphetamine leads to an increasing need for treatment options for this patient group.Evidence-based research on the efficacy of treatment programs for methamphetamine users is limited.Due to specific characteristics of methamphetamine users,the question arises whether established treatment methods for individuals using other substances can be effective for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence as well.We hypothesize that there are significant differences between the two groups that may affect the effectiveness of treatment and worsen the prognosis of treatment outcomes for methamphetamine users compared to consumers of other substances.AIM To investigate potential differences in cognitive functioning and psychopathology between methamphetamine users and other substance users and possible correlations with treatment outcomes.METHODS A total of 110 subjects were recruited for an observational,longitudinal study from a German inpatient addiction treatment center:55 patients with methamphetamine dependence and 55 patients with dependence of other substances(“OS group”).Both groups were examined at beginning(baseline)and end of treatment(after 6 mo)with regard to treatment retention,craving,cognitive functioning,psychosocial resources,personality traits,depression,and other psychiatric symptoms.Instruments used were Raven’s IQ test,Mannheimer craving scale,cognitrone cognitive test battery,NEO personality factors inventory,Hamilton depression scale,Becks depression inventory,and a symptom checklist.The statistical methods used were χ^(2)-test,t-test and multiple mixed ANOVAs.RESULTS A total drop-out rate of 40%(methamphetamine-group:36.4%;OS-group:43.6%)was observed without significant differences between groups.At baseline,methamphetamine-group subjects significantly differed from OS-group individuals in terms of a lower intelligence quotient,fewer years of education,slower working speed,and decreased working accuracy,as well as less cannabinoid and cocaine use.Methamphetamine-group subjects further showed a significantly lower score of conscientiousness,depressive,and psychiatric symptoms than subjects from the OSgroup.In both groups,a reduction of craving and depressive symptoms and an improvement of working speed and working accuracy was noted after treatment.CONCLUSION There are differences between methamphetamine users and users of other drugs,but not with regard to the effectiveness of treatment in this inpatient setting.There are differences in cognitive function and psychopathology between methamphetamine and other drugs users.The existing treatment options seem to be an effective approach in treating methamphetamine dependence.展开更多
Studies have shown that per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)may be hepatotoxic in animals or humans.However,data on clinical epidemiology are very limited.In this study,21PFASs were determined in patients with li...Studies have shown that per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)may be hepatotoxic in animals or humans.However,data on clinical epidemiology are very limited.In this study,21PFASs were determined in patients with liver diseases,with the highest median concentrations detected in the serum sample(26.7 ng/mL),followed by blood(10.7 ng/mL)and urine(5.02 ng/mL).Higher total PFAS concentrations were found in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients compared to non-HCC patients,with significant discrepancies in serum and blood samples.Besides,significant correlations were also found among PFAS concentrations and age,gender,body mass index(BMI),and liver function biomarkers levels.For example,PFAS concentrations are significantly higher in males than in females;Several serum PFASs concentrations increase with age and BMI,while the serum perfluorohexane sulfonic acid(PFHxS)concentrations are negatively correlated with age.In addition,multiple regression models adjusted for age,gender and BMI found that increased serum perfluorobutane sulfonic acid(PFBS),perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid(PFHpS)and perfluorohexylphosphonic acid(PFHxPA)conentrations are correlated with elevated alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(p<0.05).Our results provide epidemiological support for the future study on the potential clinical hepatotoxicity of PFAS.展开更多
In this paper,we consider a nonautonomous competitive system with feedback controls and toxic substance.Some average couditions for the permanence and global attractivity of the system are obtained.It is shown that ou...In this paper,we consider a nonautonomous competitive system with feedback controls and toxic substance.Some average couditions for the permanence and global attractivity of the system are obtained.It is shown that our results are generalization or improvement of those of Zhao,Jiang and Lazer [Nonlinear Analysis:Real World Applications,5(4)(2004),265-276],Xia,Cao,Zhang and Chen [Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications,294(2)(2004),503-522] and Chen [Nonlinear Analysis:Real World Applications,in press]展开更多
为研究氯胺酮滥用对长期依赖者认知功能的影响,在线检索了PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science英文数据库,中国知网和万方数据平台中文数据库,检索日期截至2022年1月。两名研究者各自独立提取文献信息,提取数据后应用Stata 14.0...为研究氯胺酮滥用对长期依赖者认知功能的影响,在线检索了PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science英文数据库,中国知网和万方数据平台中文数据库,检索日期截至2022年1月。两名研究者各自独立提取文献信息,提取数据后应用Stata 14.0软件计算标准化均数差(standardized mean difference,SMD),95%可信区间(95%confi dence interval,95%CI)以及异质性。结果显示,最终符合标准的研究有8项,其中观察组285例,健康对照组345例。Meta分析结果表明,与健康对照组相比,氯胺酮滥用损害依赖者的认知处理速度(SMD=-1.16,95%CI:-1.48~-0.83,z=7.05,P<0.001)、言语记忆(SMD=-0.72,95%CI:-1.22~-0.22,z=-2.803,P=0.005)、视觉记忆(SMD=-0.70,95%CI:-1.18~-0.23,z=-2.890,P=0.004),且差异有统计学意义;而对于工作记忆(SMD=-0.05,95%CI:-0.66~0.55,z=0.18,P=0.859)和执行能力(SMD=0.19,95%CI:-0.27~0.66,z=0.81,P=0.418)的影响无统计学差异(P>0.05)。该结果说明,氯胺酮长期滥用可以显著损害依赖者的认知处理速度、言语记忆和视觉记忆,但未发现其对工作记忆与执行能力有显著作用。展开更多
目的探讨脊柱微创通道镜系统辅助椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术(TLIF)对腰椎退行性疾病患者脊髓功能及血清P物质(SP)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平的影响。方法选取51例腰椎退行性疾病患者,按照入院次序单双号法分为A组(n=25)及B组(n=26)。A组行脊...目的探讨脊柱微创通道镜系统辅助椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术(TLIF)对腰椎退行性疾病患者脊髓功能及血清P物质(SP)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平的影响。方法选取51例腰椎退行性疾病患者,按照入院次序单双号法分为A组(n=25)及B组(n=26)。A组行脊柱微创通道镜系统辅助TLIF术治疗,B组行常规TLIF术治疗。比较两组手术指标,腰腿部疼痛与功能障碍状况,脊髓功能,血清P物质(SP)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平。结果A组术中失血量、术后引流量均少于B组,下床活动时间短于B组(P<0.05);术后4周两组腰腿部视觉模拟评分法(VAS)与Oswestry障碍指数(ODI)评分均较术前均明显改善(P<0.05);术后7 d两组各项脊髓功能指标较术前均明显改善,且A组改善幅度优于B组(P<0.05);术后3 d A组血清SP水平高于B组,而血清PGE2水平低于B组(P<0.05)。结论脊柱微创通道镜系统辅助TLIF术可显著改善腰椎退行性疾病患者脊髓功能以及疼痛介质水平。展开更多
为建立潜育化稻田微生物改良技术,采用MWMM(modified wolfe’s mineral medium)培养基富集微好氧FeOB,结合16S rRNA测序等技术鉴定菌株种类,分别采用100 mL 10^(6)(T1)、10^(7)(T2)、10^(8)(T3)CFU/mL菌株发酵液处理潜育化水稻土,评价...为建立潜育化稻田微生物改良技术,采用MWMM(modified wolfe’s mineral medium)培养基富集微好氧FeOB,结合16S rRNA测序等技术鉴定菌株种类,分别采用100 mL 10^(6)(T1)、10^(7)(T2)、10^(8)(T3)CFU/mL菌株发酵液处理潜育化水稻土,评价菌株对潜育化水稻土壤的还原性物质、土壤养分、氮循环功能基因丰度和水稻秧苗生长的影响,并利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术评价该菌株对土壤微生态的影响。结果显示:筛选到的对Fe^(2+)具有较强氧化作用的FeOB为球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌WH07(Lysinibacillus sphaericus WH07);相比于CK,土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)显著提高(P<0.05),并由负电位转为正电位;T1、T2、T3处理土壤还原性物质总量分别减少26.47%、41.53%、53.19%,亚铁含量分别减少0.37%、21.50%、50.09%,亚锰含量分别减少7.84%、21.57%、37.25%。土壤碱解氮含量分别显著增加15.50%、27.38%、48.90%(P<0.05),速效磷分别显著增加12.52%、17.34%、27.38%(P<0.05),速效钾分别显著增加11.56%、17.20%、19.34%(P<0.05),有机质分别显著增加8.66%、22.22%、45.05%(P<0.05),pH显著分别增加3.40%、8.94%、16.99%(P<0.05)。土壤AOAamoA基因丰度分别增加11.94%、14.68%、33.83%,nosZ基因丰度分别增加42.97%、75.78%、118.75%,nifH基因丰度分别增加38.29%、51.05%、216.13%,UreC基因丰度分别增加16.74%、54.51%、60.94%。水稻株高分别增加5.44%、10.98%、36.00%,叶龄分别增加10.21%、23.42%、36.94%,鲜质量增加分别12.61%、22.52%、28.38%,白根数分别增加10.14%、32.92%、46.81%。土壤微生物多样性指数Chao1和Shannon指数相比于CK均显著降低(P<0.05)。门水平上相对丰度前10的土壤细菌中,有8个显著下调(P<0.05),如Proteobacteria等、2个(Bacteroidetes和Firmicutes)显著上调。在相对丰度前50的属中,3个处理分别有20、19、22个属显著上调(P<0.05),包括Macellibacteroides等6个FeOB;25个属在3个处理中均显著下调(P<0.05),包括MBNT15等4个铁还原菌。调控网络分析显示菌株WH07潜在地与FeOB协同改善土壤理化性质和生物活性,最终促进了秧苗生长。结果表明,应用菌株WH07显著改善了潜育化水稻土壤理化性质,改变了土壤微生物群落结构和功能。展开更多
基金the German Federal Ministry of Health(partially).
文摘BACKGROUND The rising number of people using methamphetamine leads to an increasing need for treatment options for this patient group.Evidence-based research on the efficacy of treatment programs for methamphetamine users is limited.Due to specific characteristics of methamphetamine users,the question arises whether established treatment methods for individuals using other substances can be effective for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence as well.We hypothesize that there are significant differences between the two groups that may affect the effectiveness of treatment and worsen the prognosis of treatment outcomes for methamphetamine users compared to consumers of other substances.AIM To investigate potential differences in cognitive functioning and psychopathology between methamphetamine users and other substance users and possible correlations with treatment outcomes.METHODS A total of 110 subjects were recruited for an observational,longitudinal study from a German inpatient addiction treatment center:55 patients with methamphetamine dependence and 55 patients with dependence of other substances(“OS group”).Both groups were examined at beginning(baseline)and end of treatment(after 6 mo)with regard to treatment retention,craving,cognitive functioning,psychosocial resources,personality traits,depression,and other psychiatric symptoms.Instruments used were Raven’s IQ test,Mannheimer craving scale,cognitrone cognitive test battery,NEO personality factors inventory,Hamilton depression scale,Becks depression inventory,and a symptom checklist.The statistical methods used were χ^(2)-test,t-test and multiple mixed ANOVAs.RESULTS A total drop-out rate of 40%(methamphetamine-group:36.4%;OS-group:43.6%)was observed without significant differences between groups.At baseline,methamphetamine-group subjects significantly differed from OS-group individuals in terms of a lower intelligence quotient,fewer years of education,slower working speed,and decreased working accuracy,as well as less cannabinoid and cocaine use.Methamphetamine-group subjects further showed a significantly lower score of conscientiousness,depressive,and psychiatric symptoms than subjects from the OSgroup.In both groups,a reduction of craving and depressive symptoms and an improvement of working speed and working accuracy was noted after treatment.CONCLUSION There are differences between methamphetamine users and users of other drugs,but not with regard to the effectiveness of treatment in this inpatient setting.There are differences in cognitive function and psychopathology between methamphetamine and other drugs users.The existing treatment options seem to be an effective approach in treating methamphetamine dependence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42177408)Guangdong(China)Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(No.2016ZT06N258)。
文摘Studies have shown that per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)may be hepatotoxic in animals or humans.However,data on clinical epidemiology are very limited.In this study,21PFASs were determined in patients with liver diseases,with the highest median concentrations detected in the serum sample(26.7 ng/mL),followed by blood(10.7 ng/mL)and urine(5.02 ng/mL).Higher total PFAS concentrations were found in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients compared to non-HCC patients,with significant discrepancies in serum and blood samples.Besides,significant correlations were also found among PFAS concentrations and age,gender,body mass index(BMI),and liver function biomarkers levels.For example,PFAS concentrations are significantly higher in males than in females;Several serum PFASs concentrations increase with age and BMI,while the serum perfluorohexane sulfonic acid(PFHxS)concentrations are negatively correlated with age.In addition,multiple regression models adjusted for age,gender and BMI found that increased serum perfluorobutane sulfonic acid(PFBS),perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid(PFHpS)and perfluorohexylphosphonic acid(PFHxPA)conentrations are correlated with elevated alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(p<0.05).Our results provide epidemiological support for the future study on the potential clinical hepatotoxicity of PFAS.
文摘In this paper,we consider a nonautonomous competitive system with feedback controls and toxic substance.Some average couditions for the permanence and global attractivity of the system are obtained.It is shown that our results are generalization or improvement of those of Zhao,Jiang and Lazer [Nonlinear Analysis:Real World Applications,5(4)(2004),265-276],Xia,Cao,Zhang and Chen [Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications,294(2)(2004),503-522] and Chen [Nonlinear Analysis:Real World Applications,in press]
文摘为研究氯胺酮滥用对长期依赖者认知功能的影响,在线检索了PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science英文数据库,中国知网和万方数据平台中文数据库,检索日期截至2022年1月。两名研究者各自独立提取文献信息,提取数据后应用Stata 14.0软件计算标准化均数差(standardized mean difference,SMD),95%可信区间(95%confi dence interval,95%CI)以及异质性。结果显示,最终符合标准的研究有8项,其中观察组285例,健康对照组345例。Meta分析结果表明,与健康对照组相比,氯胺酮滥用损害依赖者的认知处理速度(SMD=-1.16,95%CI:-1.48~-0.83,z=7.05,P<0.001)、言语记忆(SMD=-0.72,95%CI:-1.22~-0.22,z=-2.803,P=0.005)、视觉记忆(SMD=-0.70,95%CI:-1.18~-0.23,z=-2.890,P=0.004),且差异有统计学意义;而对于工作记忆(SMD=-0.05,95%CI:-0.66~0.55,z=0.18,P=0.859)和执行能力(SMD=0.19,95%CI:-0.27~0.66,z=0.81,P=0.418)的影响无统计学差异(P>0.05)。该结果说明,氯胺酮长期滥用可以显著损害依赖者的认知处理速度、言语记忆和视觉记忆,但未发现其对工作记忆与执行能力有显著作用。
文摘目的探讨脊柱微创通道镜系统辅助椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术(TLIF)对腰椎退行性疾病患者脊髓功能及血清P物质(SP)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平的影响。方法选取51例腰椎退行性疾病患者,按照入院次序单双号法分为A组(n=25)及B组(n=26)。A组行脊柱微创通道镜系统辅助TLIF术治疗,B组行常规TLIF术治疗。比较两组手术指标,腰腿部疼痛与功能障碍状况,脊髓功能,血清P物质(SP)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平。结果A组术中失血量、术后引流量均少于B组,下床活动时间短于B组(P<0.05);术后4周两组腰腿部视觉模拟评分法(VAS)与Oswestry障碍指数(ODI)评分均较术前均明显改善(P<0.05);术后7 d两组各项脊髓功能指标较术前均明显改善,且A组改善幅度优于B组(P<0.05);术后3 d A组血清SP水平高于B组,而血清PGE2水平低于B组(P<0.05)。结论脊柱微创通道镜系统辅助TLIF术可显著改善腰椎退行性疾病患者脊髓功能以及疼痛介质水平。
文摘为建立潜育化稻田微生物改良技术,采用MWMM(modified wolfe’s mineral medium)培养基富集微好氧FeOB,结合16S rRNA测序等技术鉴定菌株种类,分别采用100 mL 10^(6)(T1)、10^(7)(T2)、10^(8)(T3)CFU/mL菌株发酵液处理潜育化水稻土,评价菌株对潜育化水稻土壤的还原性物质、土壤养分、氮循环功能基因丰度和水稻秧苗生长的影响,并利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术评价该菌株对土壤微生态的影响。结果显示:筛选到的对Fe^(2+)具有较强氧化作用的FeOB为球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌WH07(Lysinibacillus sphaericus WH07);相比于CK,土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)显著提高(P<0.05),并由负电位转为正电位;T1、T2、T3处理土壤还原性物质总量分别减少26.47%、41.53%、53.19%,亚铁含量分别减少0.37%、21.50%、50.09%,亚锰含量分别减少7.84%、21.57%、37.25%。土壤碱解氮含量分别显著增加15.50%、27.38%、48.90%(P<0.05),速效磷分别显著增加12.52%、17.34%、27.38%(P<0.05),速效钾分别显著增加11.56%、17.20%、19.34%(P<0.05),有机质分别显著增加8.66%、22.22%、45.05%(P<0.05),pH显著分别增加3.40%、8.94%、16.99%(P<0.05)。土壤AOAamoA基因丰度分别增加11.94%、14.68%、33.83%,nosZ基因丰度分别增加42.97%、75.78%、118.75%,nifH基因丰度分别增加38.29%、51.05%、216.13%,UreC基因丰度分别增加16.74%、54.51%、60.94%。水稻株高分别增加5.44%、10.98%、36.00%,叶龄分别增加10.21%、23.42%、36.94%,鲜质量增加分别12.61%、22.52%、28.38%,白根数分别增加10.14%、32.92%、46.81%。土壤微生物多样性指数Chao1和Shannon指数相比于CK均显著降低(P<0.05)。门水平上相对丰度前10的土壤细菌中,有8个显著下调(P<0.05),如Proteobacteria等、2个(Bacteroidetes和Firmicutes)显著上调。在相对丰度前50的属中,3个处理分别有20、19、22个属显著上调(P<0.05),包括Macellibacteroides等6个FeOB;25个属在3个处理中均显著下调(P<0.05),包括MBNT15等4个铁还原菌。调控网络分析显示菌株WH07潜在地与FeOB协同改善土壤理化性质和生物活性,最终促进了秧苗生长。结果表明,应用菌株WH07显著改善了潜育化水稻土壤理化性质,改变了土壤微生物群落结构和功能。
