关节镜半月板治疗膝骨关节炎对治疗有效率、VAS评分、HSS评分及TNF-α指标水平的应用研究

目的分析关节镜半月板治疗膝骨关节炎对治疗有效率、VAS评分、HSS评分及TNF-α指标水平的影响。方法选择2019年6月—2020年5月在我院进行治疗的86例因半月板损伤引起膝骨关节炎的患者作为研究对象,根据患者的意愿选择治疗方式,其中43例选择常规保守治疗的患者纳入对照组,另外43例选择关节镜半月板治疗的患者纳入研究组。对两组患者的治疗有效率、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、HSS膝关节评分及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)指标水平进行比较。结果研究组的治疗有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组与对照组在治疗前的VAS评分、HSS评分、TNF-α水平进行比较均无显著差异(P>0.05),两组经治疗后的VAS评分、HSS评分及TNF-α水平均得到了改善,研究组在治疗后的VAS评分、TNF-α指标水平均低于对照组(P<0.05),HSS评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对膝骨关节炎患者采取关节镜半月板治疗,具有显著效果,可有效减轻患者的疼痛程度与炎症反应,提升膝关节功能。

基于HSS-MCC融合模型及SSA-BP神经网络开展深基坑超大变形预测研究

软土环境下深基坑开挖变形特性研究中,多采用硬化类弹塑性模型进行分析,如HSS模型和MCC模型.南京河漫滩软土地区,深基坑开挖时局部常发生较大变形,部分土体变形状态介于小应变与大应变之间,单一模型无法准确预测土体变形特征.同时,BP神经网络在基坑变形预测中得到广泛应用,但在训练过程中,权阈值易陷入局部最优解,影响预测的准确性.据此,依托南京地区典型软土深基坑工程,采用Midas中的HSS模型与MCC模型进行分析,比对两种模型的桩体变形量差异,并基于最小二乘准则对两模型进行线性融合,融合模型可对后续区段监测数据进行校准及补充.通过融合麻雀搜索算法对BP神经网络进行优化,在其训练过程中快速收敛,得到全局最优的权阈值,依托狭长基坑已开挖区段监测数据学习训练,进而依据后续区段浅部开挖揭露深部变形特征,预测结果与实测值吻合度较高.研究结果对软土地区深基坑大变形的预测研究具有重要参考价值.

基于HSS模型海上风电桶形基础水平循环承载特性对比研究

采用土体本构模型对黏土中的桶形基础进行了有限元模拟,以研究桶形基础的水平循环承载特性。利用有限元方法模拟了在不同单调组合荷载作用下黏土中的桶形基础离心机试验,与试验结果对比验证了使用小应变硬化土(HSS)本构模型的适用性。在此基础上,基于HSS模型和硬化土(HS)模型对比研究了不同循环荷载和小应变模量对桶形基础累积转角、旋转中心和桶-土相对刚度的影响。结果表明,黏土中桶形基础的累积转角随着循环次数和水平荷载的增加而增加,然而每个循环中累积转角的增加逐渐减小。另外,提出了Tb和ζb之间的拟合关系式预测黏土中桶形基础的累积旋转。无论处于疲劳极限状态(ζb=0.3)还是正常使用极限状态(ζb=0.5),旋转中心类型都是从深中心变为浅中心。桶-土相对刚度随循环次数的增加而减小,并且循环荷载越大刚度衰减越大。另外,小应变模量对基础累积转角和桶-土相对刚度有较大影响而对旋转中心无显著影响。与已有的研究结果对比发现,HSS模型更加适用于精细化设计。

济南济泺路穿黄隧道典型粉质黏土HSS模型参数获取及适用性

盾构施工过程中土体大部分区域处于小应变状态,与常用的本构模型的土体性质有所不同。因此,为研究济南济泺路穿黄隧道区域内典型粉质黏土的的静动力行为特性及工程适用性,通过室内基础土工试验、侧限固结试验、标准三轴固结试验以及动三轴试验,确定了粉质黏土基本物理性质参数以及切线刚度E_(oed)^(ref)、割线模量E_(50)^(ref)、卸载/重加载参考刚度E_(ur)^(ref),并将所得参数应用于济南济泺路穿黄隧道工程下穿北岸大堤沉降分析中,同时通过对比应用硬化土小应变硬化(hardening soil model with small strain stiffness,HSS)本构模型、摩尔库伦(M-C)本构模型的模拟结果与现场实测结果,验证了HSS本构模型在该地区变形分析中的准确性。结果表明:围压一定时,该地区粉质黏土试样竖向应变以塑性应变为主,且随动应力的增加,土体达到稳定所需时间越长;循环荷载一定时,增大土体围压可提高土体的稳定性;基于室内试验获取的HSS本构模型参数模拟的济南济泺路穿黄隧道下穿大堤工程地层变形结果与现场实测值吻合良好,验证了基于所提出的室内试验获取岩土小应变相关参数方法的适用性。研究成果可以丰富济南黄河地区粉质黏土地层参数研究,并为该地区岩土工程数值模拟分析的本构模型与地层参数选取提供参考。

基于HSS模型双线隧道上跨施工对既有地铁影响

针对某新建盾构隧道近接上跨既有地铁项目,基于小应变硬化模型(HSS),建立了三维有限元模型,通过与实测数据和莫尔–库伦模型计算结果的对比,验证了HSS模型计算的可靠性和优越性。在此基础上,进一步分析了新建隧道施工引起的既有隧道竖向变形特征,及隧道水平净距和叠交角度两参数对既有隧道变形的影响规律。结果表明:HSS模型计算结果与实测值吻合较好,能有效预测既有地铁隧道的变形;在新建隧道上跨穿越的影响下,既有地铁隧道产生竖向隆起变形,且变形主要发生在盾构下穿前的1.5倍新建隧道直径到穿越后的2倍新建隧道直径范围内;既有地铁隧道隆起峰值点会随着盾构二次穿越而发生偏移,且其竖向变形曲线呈现出“双峰”趋势;增大双线隧道水平净距和新旧隧道叠交角度,都能使既有隧道的变形减小。

基于HSS模型邻近建筑的深基坑数值分析

以某邻近既有建筑的深基坑工程为例,利用有限元软件PLAXIS 2D建立数值模型,研究了硬化土小应变模型(HSS模型)与摩尔库伦模型(MC模型)下基坑开挖过程中地连墙水平位移与地表沉降与实际监测数据的差异,并基于HSS模型分析了基坑开挖过程中围护结构水平位移与既有建筑的沉降,同时,本文分析了既有建筑与基坑之间距离以及既有建筑的层数对既有建筑倾斜率的影响。分析结果表明:HSS模型相对于MC模型可以更加精确的预测基坑开挖工程中的变形情况;采用HSS模型模拟时,围护结构的水平位移为“内凸形”,随基坑深度的增加,围护结构最大水平位置不断下移、最大水平位移逐渐增大,围护桩最大水平位移为24.2 mm,建筑物最大沉降为11.9 mm,均满足设计要求;基坑与建筑物之间距离越小,建筑物层数越高,邻近建筑物倾斜率越高,建筑物每增加一层,其倾斜度约增加0.58×10^(-4)。

江苏大丰海域海洋土HSS模型主要参数试验研究

小应变硬化土(hardening soil with small strain stiffness,HSS)模型能反映土体在小应变范围内的非线性,广泛应用于土工变形分析。海上风电基础对变形控制要求高,需考虑土体的小应变特性。通过固结试验、三轴固结排水试验、三轴固结排水加卸载试验与共振柱试验,获得了江苏大丰海域海洋土HSS模型主要参数,并建立了HSS模型相关模量参数与土体物理参数之间的关系。试验成果可为海洋土HSS模型分析及参数取值提供重要参考,具有一定的工程价值。

基于HSS技术的深基坑土体形变规律分析研究

针对深基坑土体形变的问题,提出了一种结合有限元软件和小应变土体硬化模型的数值模型,解决了深基坑工程中土体变形问题,结果实现了深基坑土体形变规律的分析。数值模型研究结果表明:深基坑开挖深度越大,土体水平位移和地表沉降便越大。

Occurrence,Spatial Distribution,Sources and Risk Assessment of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Surface Sediments of the Yellow River Delta Wetland

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are emerging persistent organic pollutants(POPs).In this study,47 surface sediment samples were collected from the Yellow River Delta wetland(YRDW)to investigate the occurrence,spatial distribution,potential sources,and ecological risks of PFASs.Twenty-three out of 26 targeted PFASs were detected in surface sediment samples from the YRDW,with totalΣ23PFASs concentrations ranging from 0.23 to 16.30 ng g^(-1) dw and a median value of 2.27 ng g^(-1) dw.Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA),perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA)and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS)were the main contaminants.The detection frequency and concentration of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids(PFCAs)were higher than those of perfluoroal-kanesulfonic acids(PFSAs),while those of long-chain PFASs were higher than those of short-chain PFASs.The emerging PFASs substitutes were dominated by 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid(6:2 Cl-PFESA).The distribution of PFASs is significantly influenced by the total organic carbon content in the sediments.The concentration of PFASs seems to be related to human activities,with high concentration levels of PFASs near locations such as beaches and villages.By using a positive matrix factorization model,the potential sources of PFASs in the region were identified as metal plating mist inhibitor and fluoropolymer manufacturing sources,metal plating industry and firefighting foam and textile treatment sources,and food packaging material sources.The risk assessment indicated that PFASs in YRDW sediments do not pose a significant ecological risk to benthic organisms in the region overall,but PFOA and PFOS exert a low to moderate risk at individual stations.

Correlation of gut microorganisms and non-volatile flavor substances provides new insights for breeding Scylla paramamosain

The farming of Scylla paramamosain with specific flavors has a higher commercial value,and the flavors are related to the integrated farming environment and non-volatile flavor substances,while the survival environment is one of the important ways to source gut microorganisms in the organism.In this study,the levels of dominant taxa in the gut flora of S.paramamosain from Mong Cai,Vietnam(VN),Taishan City,Guangdong Province(TS)of China,and Ninghai County,Ningbo City(NB)Zhejiang Province of China converged with those of S.paramamosain from Sanmen County,Ningbo City(CK 1,CK 2,and CK 3)at 28 d of domestication.The top 15 genera with the highest abundance of VN,TS,and NB gut flora were the same as CK 1,CK 2,and CK 3,but with different percentages,and gradually converged to CK 1,CK 2,and CK 3,respectively,at 28 d of domestication.Correlation between intestinal flora and non-volatile flavor substances in the hepatopancreas at the percentage level of relative abundance of bacterial genera found that above 28 d of domestication,Muribaculaceae,Psychrilyobacter,Clostridia_vadinBB 60_group,Halarcobacter Carboxylicivirga,Sediminispirochaeta may be the most important genera affecting flavor amino acids of VN.Sediminispirochaeta,Carboxylicivirga,Halarcobacter,Photobacterium,ZOR 0006,Psychrilyobacter,and Pseudomonas may be the most important genera affecting flavor amino acids of NB.Sediminispirochaeta,Carboxylicivirga,Halarcobacter,Photobacterium,ZOR 0006,Vibrio,and Sphingomonas may be the most important genera affecting flavor amino acids of TS.These results show that the intestinal flora structure of crabs from different areas were domesticated in the same area for at least 28 d before they converged to that of the domesticated crab,and the most important genera affecting the flavor amino acids of TS,VN,and NB were also identified.The results of this study provide a reference and basis for the technique of directional cultivation of the flavor quality of the crab.

Research Progress of Volatile Substances Analysis and Sensory Evaluation of Soymilk

Soybean is one of the important crops in China. Soymilk, a traditional neutral plant-based protein drink, is rich in high quality proteins. Although soybean milk is rich in nutrients, its marketing among consumers, especially those in Western countries who are used to peaceful flavor, has been limited due to the adverse flavor impact brought by its special composition. In recent years, with the increasing attention to the nutritional value of soymilk, the flavor of soymilk has become a popular research object for scholars at home and abroad. The flavor components of soymilk are mainly volatile small molecular compounds produced by enzymatic reactions catalyzed by lipoxygenase(LOX). After formation, they interact with protein macromolecules to form the overall flavor of soymilk. At present, there are many methods to control the off-odor of soymilk at home and abroad, including physical heating methods, chemical methods, biological enzymatic digestion methods, mask methods, and a variety of breeding methods. These methods effectively reduce the off-odor of soymilk, but all of them have shortcomings. Currently, the sensory characteristics of the beany odor in soymilk are evaluated mainly by traditional human sensory scoring along with the assistance of modern instrument analysis of volatile flavor substances using headspace solid phase microextraction(SPME) gas chromatography coupled with-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). This paper summarized the research results of volatile flavor substances in soymilk in recent years and the sensory evaluation methods of soymilk at home and abroad, and looked forward to the future development direction, hoping to provide some theoretical bases and reference detection methods for solving the problem of soymilk flavor in the future.

Evaluation of Rhizobium tropici-Derived Extracellular Polymeric Substances on Selected Soil Properties, Seed Germination, and Growth of Black-Eyed Peas (Vigna unguiculata)

Rhizobium tropici-derived extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have been used in soils to enhance soil structures and mitigate soil erosions. However, information on their use to improve soil health and fertility indicators, and plant growth is limited. In a greenhouse study, we investigated their effects on some soil health, soil fertility indices, and the growth of black-eyed peas (Vigna unguiculate). Results showed that soils incubated with EPS significantly increased basal soil respiration, soil microbial biomass, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POC), and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN). The EPS shifted microbial populations from bacteria to fungi and Gram (−ve) to Gram ( ve) bacteria. However, it had little or no effects on soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The EPS decreased soil moisture loss, increased soil aggregate stability, but delayed blacked-eyed peas germinations in the soils. At 0.1% (w/w) concentrations in soils, there was increase in plant root nodulations and vegetative growth. This study was carried out within 40 days of incubating soils with EPS or growing the black-eyed peas in a greenhouse study. The plant growth parameters were taken before flowering and fruiting. Further studies of the effects of incubating soils with the extracellular polymeric substances on plant growth. Soil microbial biomass, microbial diversities, and other soil fertility indices are deemed necessary.

Contemporary strategies and approaches for characterizing composition and enhancing biofilm penetration targeting bacterial extracellular polymeric substances

Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)constitutes crucial elements within bacterial biofilms,facili-tating accelerated antimicrobial resistance and conferring defense against the host's immune cells.Developing precise and effective antibiofilm approaches and strategies,tailored to the specific charac-teristics of EPS composition,can offer valuable insights for the creation of novel antimicrobial drugs.This,in turn,holds the potential to mitigate the alarming issue of bacterial drug resistance.Current analysis of EPS compositions relies heavily on colorimetric approaches with a significant bias,which is likely due to the selection of a standard compound and the cross-interference of various EPS compounds.Considering the pivotal role of EPS in biofilm functionality,it is imperative for EPS research to delve deeper into the analysis of intricate compositions,moving beyond the current focus on polymeric materials.This ne-cessitates a shift from heavy reliance on colorimetric analytic methods to more comprehensive and nuanced analytical approaches.In this study,we have provided a comprehensive summary of existing analytical methods utilized in the characterization of EPS compositions.Additionally,novel strategies aimed at targeting EPS to enhance biofilm penetration were explored,with a specific focus on high-lighting the limitations associated with colorimetric methods.Furthermore,we have outlined the challenges faced in identifying additional components of EPS and propose a prospective research plan to address these challenges.This review has the potential to guide future researchers in the search for novel compounds capable of suppressing EPS,thereby inhibiting biofilm formation.This insight opens up a new avenue for exploration within this research domain.

基于HSS模型的隔离桩对基坑变形控制的数值分析

基坑开挖引起的过大变形会对附近地下管线产生不利影响。以宁波秋实路工程项目为背景,结合地勘报告和地区经验确定土体HSS模型参数,通过三维数值模拟,分析设置隔离桩对靠近燃气管线的桥墩深基坑的变形控制效果。计算结果表明参数取值方法合理,内插型钢后的水泥土搅拌桩变形控制效果有明显提高,在一定范围内调整隔离桩竖向长度相比纵向布置宽度能更有效控制变形,并确定了最终的隔离桩布置方案。

Preserving the Ozone Layers: Battling Illegal Trade in Ozone-Depleting Substances

The depletion of the ozone layer, a vital shield protecting the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, is now a worldwide environmental concern. Human activities, particularly the release of ozone depleting substances (ODS), have led to the thinning of this protective layer over recent decades. Simultaneously, illegal trade has emerged as a global challenge, giving rise to economic issues, losses of tax revenue, heightened criminal activities, health risks, and environmental hazards. The depletion of the ozone layer, a critical shield protecting the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, has become a global environmental concern. This paper delves into the legal dimensions surrounding ozone-depleting substances (ODS), their impact on the ozone layer, and the subsequent risk of skin cancer. As countries navigate international agreements, domestic regulations, and enforcement mechanisms, the intricate interplay between legal frameworks and the health implications of ozone layer depletion comes to the forefront. The paper highlights particular instances of illegal trade in ozone depleting substances, drawing from data reported by the parties to the Montreal Protocol. Notably, China stands out as a significant source of contraband ODS, with other countries such as Bulgaria, Lithuania, Poland, and France reporting numerous cases. Analyzing these case instances offers insights into the efficacy of legal frameworks and enforcement measures. The paper offers a comprehensive set of recommendations to strengthen global control and enforcement against the illegal trade of ozone depleting substances. These recommendations span diverse aspects such as production monitoring, customs collaboration, mutual verification, cross-border agreements, public-private partnerships, international cooperation, detection equipment, global regulatory standards, resource allocation, public awareness campaigns, alternative substance development, and controlling the trade at its source. By applying these recommendations and enhancing enforcement measures, we aim to protect the ozone layer and create a healthier and safer world for future generations and achieve sustainable development goals.

The Role of Jasmonates as Antibulbing Substances in the Bulb Formation of Onion

Onion plants form spherical bulbs under long-day conditions.Substances regulating bulb formation remain unknown.In the course of chemical studies on the bulb formation,α-linolenic acid was isolated from onion extracts as an antibulbing substance,the amount of which was synchronized with the bulb formation.Since allene oxide synthase inhibitor canceled the antibulbing activity ofα-linolenic acid,it was disclosed that jasmonic acid concerns this regulation.Structure-activity-relationship study revealed that its(3R,7S)stereochemistry is necessary for showing its antibulbing activity.It is concluded that(3R,7S)-jasmonate derived fromα-linolenic acid actually participates in the regulation of bulb formation.

Analyzing the pharmacological substances and targets of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in hypertensive vascular endothelial cells

Background:Xuefu Zhuyu decoction(XFZY)could significantly improve the function of hypertensive vascular endothelial cells,but the targets and mechanism are not clear.This study is to analyze the pharmacological substances and targets of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in hypertensive vascular endothelial cells.Methods:This study used Xuefu Zhuyu decoction to intervene human umbilical vein endothelial cells incubated by hypertensive patients’serum,then detected the function of vascular endothelial cells.The aqueous extract of XFZY was analyzed and validated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology;Finally,macromolecular docking technology was used to analyze the potential active substances and targets of XFZY in the prevention and treatment of hypertension.Results:Compared with the model group,the XFZY group showed a significant increase in NO expression(P<0.01)and a significant decrease in ET-1 expression(P<0.001);and the expression of BIP,P-JNK,CHOP,and BAX in XFZY group cells was significantly decreased(P<0.001),while the expression of JNK and BCL2 was significantly increased(P<0.001).19 main compounds were identified in XFZY and there were 3 pairs of molecular complexes with high affinity for markers of the endoplasmic reticulum stress,including BIP-Hesperidin complex,BIP-HSYA complex and JNK-Naringin complex.Conclusion:This study analyzed the potential pharmacodynamic substance and targets of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in improving the function of hypertensive vascular endothelial cells,which could provide a scientific basis for the future molecular mechanism of XFZY in treating hypertension.

基于HSS算法的含电动汽车虚拟电厂智能调度

提出基于HSS算法的含电动汽车虚拟电厂智能调度方法。构建虚拟电厂控制模型,根据能源分配的限制,对目标函数进行计算,实现了虚拟发电厂的最低运营成本。同时基于HSS算法设计虚拟电厂智能调度流程,实现了虚拟电厂智能调度。并设计对比实验,结果表明,该研究方法具有更低的调度运营成本。

Advances in Research Methods of Pharmacodynamic Substances in Traditional Chinese Medicines and Their Application in the Teaching of Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysi

With the continuous progress of science and technology,the research methods of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine are developing,and the application of these methods in teaching is becoming more and more extensive.By introducing these research methods into the classroom,teachers can help students to deeply understand the nature and mechanism of action of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine,and improve their interest in and knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine.This paper introduces the definition of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine,research methods,and their application in the teaching of traditional Chinese medicine analysis.

基于HSS模型隧道近接群桩基础施工影响分析

依托盾构隧道近接侧穿群桩工程建立三维数值分析模型,土体采用小应变硬化(HSS)模型,参数取值借鉴已有研究成果并根据监测位移数据反演,同时考虑土体开挖、衬砌拼装以及盾尾同步注浆等一系列施工工艺措施,并将模拟结果与监测数据进行对比验证,研究了不同工况下地表沉降的形态分布、群桩桩基变形及基桩结构受力,同时考虑地表位移对等代层厚度的敏感性。结果表明:HSS模型能有效预测隧道近接侧穿高架桥桩引起的变形,模拟结果与监测值较吻合;隧道开挖引起土相对桩产生了滑移,地表沉降及桩身竖向位移在中心线前后各1 D(D为管片外径)范围内随推进步数的增加而不断增大,且增加幅度明显减小;两线推进地表沉降具有叠加效应,最大沉降量增幅达76.8%;隧道与基桩水平距离越近,引起基桩沉降变化越大,两线推进基桩桩顶沉降增幅达134%;群桩中各排桩的水平位移变化趋势基本相同,且同排桩的水平位移值相差不大,由于群桩遮挡效应,水平位移值由大到小依次为前排桩、中排桩、后排桩;桩身水平位移主要在盾构中轴线2.5 D范围内,桩身最大水平位移均出现在隧道中轴线附近;群桩中同排桩桩身附加弯矩及附加轴力沿桩身分布规律相同,桩身最终附加受力与其距离隧道远近有关;随着注浆充率β的增大,等代层厚度及地表沉降呈线性减小;穿越段采取的施工工艺方案是有效的,经估算附加弯矩及轴力对桩基承载力的影响在容许范围内。