Analysis of debris flow control effect and hazard assessment in Xinqiao Gully,Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake area based on numerical simulation

Xinqiao Gully is located in the area of the 2008 Wenchuan M_(s)8.0 earthquake in Sichuan province,China.Based on the investigation of the 2023"6-26"Xinqiao Gully debris flow event,this study assessed the effectiveness of the debris flow control project and evaluated the debris flow hazards.Through field investigation and numerical simulation methods,the indicators of flow intensity reduction rate and storage capacity fullness were proposed to quantify the effectiveness of the engineering measures in the debris flow event.The simulation results show that the debris flow control project reduced the flow intensity by41.05%to 64.61%.The storage capacity of the dam decreases gradually from upstream to the mouth of the gully,thus effectively intercepting and controlling the debris flow.By evaluating the debris flow of different recurrence intervals,further measures are recommended for managing debris flow events.

A comparative study of the main factors controlling geohazards induced by 10 strong earthquakes in Western China since the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008

Determining the main controlling factors of earthquake-triggered geohazards is a prerequisite for studying earthquake geohazards and post-disaster emergency response.By studying these factors,the geomorphic and geological factors controlling the nature,condition,and distribution of earthquake-induced geohazards can be analyzed.Such insights facilitate earthquake disaster prediction and emergency response planning.The authors combined field investigations and spatial data analysis to examine geohazards induced by seismic events,examining ten earthquakes including the Wenchuan,Yushu,Lushan events,to elucidate the main control factors of seismic geohazard.The authors observed that seismic geohazard occurrence is usually affected by many factors,among which active nature of the seismogenic fault,seismic peak ground acceleration(PGA),topographic slope and geomorphic height differences,and distance from the fault zone and river system are the most important.Compared with strike-slip earthquakes,thrust earthquakes induce more high-altitude and high-speed remote landslides,which can cause great harm.Slopes of 0°–40°are prone to secondary seismic geohazards,which are mainly concentrated 0–6 km from the river system.Secondary geohazards are not only related to seismogenic fault but also influenced by the associated faults in the earthquake area.The maximum seismic PGA and secondary seismic geohazard number are positively correlated,and the horizontal and vertical ground motions play leading and promoting roles in secondary geohazard formation,respectively.Through the research,the spatial distribution of seismic geohazards is predicted,providing a basis for the formulation of emergency response plans following disasters.

Investigation and Analysis of the Status Quo of Prevention and Control Practices of Catheter-Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) in Guangxi, China

The prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) have become the key content of medical care and have become the core improvement goal of nursing quality control. However, the prevention and control status of CLABSI in hospitals of different grades in Guangxi is not clear. In this study, we aim to investigate central venous catheter (CVC) placement and disinfectant use in second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi. This survey was conducted on the second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi, China from 13th April 2021 to 19th April 2021. The results show that a total of 283 questionnaires were collected, including 206 secondary hospitals and 77 tertiary hospitals. In terms of the CVC, tertiary hospitals were able to place CVC entirely under the guidance of B-ultrasound, which was 24 (31.6%) and secondary hospitals were 26 (20.6%). In secondary hospitals, Most CVC placements were performed in operating rooms 94 (74.6%) and 65 (85.5%) on the third level hospital, but 32.5% of secondary hospitals and 48.7% of tertiary hospitals were selected at the bedside of patients in general wards, and 27.8% of the second-level hospital, 43.4% of third-level hospitals was done in general ward treatment rooms, only 61.9% of secondary hospitals and 64.5% of tertiary hospitals could fully achieve the maximum sterile barrier. In terms of skin disinfectants, only 36.0% of tertiary hospitals and 16.4% of second-level CVC-operators chose > 0.5% chlorhexidine alcohol. In conclusion, the prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in Guangxi are not ideal. The prevention and control department should increase training, implement guidelines and standardize management to reduce the incidence of CLABSI.

某地铁车站渗漏水原因及防治措施分析

城市轨道交通工程是一项规模庞大、工艺复杂的综合性工程,除结构混凝土强度须满足要求外,还须确保结构的耐久性和可靠性。结构混凝土渗漏水作为一项重要控制环节,也是施工质量控制的重点和难点,地铁车站渗漏水防治已成为当前设计、施工研究的重要课题。文章结合长沙市轨道交通6号线某地铁车站工程主体结构的渗漏水防治实例,分析结构渗漏水成因及其防治措施,为类似工程施工提供可参考的经验。

Relationship between spatio-temporal evolution of soil pH and geological environment/surface cover in the eastern Nenjiang River Basin of Northeast China during the past 30 years

To illuminate the spatio-temporal variation characteristics and geochemical driving mechanism of soil pH in the Nenjiang River Basin,the National Multi-objective Regional Geochemical Survey data of topsoil,the Second National Soil Survey data and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)were analyzed.The areas of neutral and alkaline soil decreased by 21100 km^(2)and 30500 km^(2),respectively,while that of strongly alkaline,extremely alkaline,and strongly acidic soil increased by 19600 km^(2),18200 km^(2),and 15500 km^(2),respectively,during the past 30 years.NDVI decreased with the increase of soil pH when soil pH>8.0,and it was reversed when soil pH<5.0.There were significant differences in soil pH with various surface cover types,which showed an ascending order:Arbor<reed<maize<rice<high and medium-covered meadow<low-covered meadow<Puccinellia.The weathering products of minerals rich in K_(2)O,Na_(2)O,CaO,and MgO entered into the low plain and were enriched in different parts by water transportation and lake deposition,while Fe and Al remained in the low hilly areas,which was the geochemical driving mechanism.The results of this study will provide scientific basis for making scientific and rational decisions on soil acidification and salinization.

地铁铺轨施工质量问题及控制措施探究

铺轨施工是地铁工程项目的重要环节。立足于工程实际,各类地铁轨道铺设质量问题频发,为轨道铺设的有序开展形成障碍。本文针对地铁铺轨施工质量问题及控制措施展开探讨,在简要介绍地铁铺轨施工实现方式的基础上,分析了地铁铺轨施工典型质量问题,提出了地铁铺轨施工问题的质量控制措施,并简要论述针对地铁钢轨支撑系统实现的优化改进方式,以为地铁铺轨施工工序的质量提升提供帮助。

地铁预制简支箱梁施工质量控制探析

现浇混凝土技术已经广泛应用于高速铁路桥梁、轻轨高架桥等工程中,其成熟的施工工艺已经成为预制箱梁的主要施工方法。但由于部分施工现场管理粗放,从业人员素质良莠不齐,质量问题时有发生。文章以西安地铁10号线预制简支箱梁施工为例,详细阐述了预制箱梁从原材料的选择到模板设计制作、钢筋制作安装,再到混凝土浇筑、预应力张拉等施工全过程的质量控制措施,指导施工现场不断提高预制箱梁施工质量。

广州市地铁一号线工程测量的监理体制

本文介绍了地下铁道测量的特点、地下铁道工程测量实行监理制和集中统一管理的必要性、广州市地铁一号线测量监理体制和各级责任及其相互关系。

BIM技术在城市轨道交通地铁区间工程的应用探讨

随着BIM技术的日益成熟和广泛应用,其在城市轨道交通行业也正逐步获得推广和普及。BIM技术凭借自身三维可视化、数字信息化及多专业协调性等特点在解决城市轨道交通工程建设规模大、建设周期长、周边环境复杂、专业接口多等问题时表现出较强的适应性和广泛的应用前景。本文简要介绍BIM技术在城市轨道交通工程地铁区间的应用现状,概括BIM的技术特点,并从参数化族库创建、信息化质量控制、多专业协同设计及自动化健康监测四个角度总结BIM技术在地铁区间工程的应用方向,旨在提升城市轨道交通地铁区间工程的设计、建造及运营智慧化管理水平。

Survey and Practice of Reporting Quality of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials on Traditional Chinese Medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.

地铁车站工程明挖基坑钻孔灌注桩施工技术

为确保地铁车站明挖基坑施工安全和临近建筑物不受影响,灌注桩施工质量至关重要。地铁车站工程基坑支护灌注桩施工工序主要有钻孔、清孔、下钢筋笼、水下混凝土灌注等,每道施工工序工艺标准、技术参数符合设计规范要求,对易出现的质量偏差和常见的质量问题要采取针对性措施进行处理。

地铁工程地下连续墙施工质量控制

文中以福州市轨道交通6号线工程某站施工为例,分析了地铁工程中地下连续墙施工技术工艺,阐述了地下连续墙施工中主要环节的质量保证措施。

地铁工程中的盾构机反力架制作和安装控制要点

结合实际工程案例,阐述了地铁工程中的盾构机反力架设计存在的问题和矛盾,重点分析架体受力状态下产生的附加弯矩和附加力偶如何消除的难题,从而提出反力架制作和安装的控制要点,可为盾构机反力架的质量控制提供一定的参考。

地铁车站工程施工技术及质量控制探讨

随着我国市场经济的迅速发展以及城镇化水平的不断提高,道路拥堵成为我国各大城市的重要问题之一,一定程度上制约着城市的进一步发展,也影响着城市文明。如何解决交通拥堵,缓解城市交通压力,成为当前社会十分关注的一个问题。建设地下轨道交通,即地铁工程,是解决城市交通拥堵的一个有效措施。地铁车站是地铁工程的重要组成部分,本文在介绍地铁车站工程基本构造的基础上,较详细地阐述了地铁车站工程施工技术,提出了进行地铁工程施工质量控制的相关措施,对地铁工程实际有一定的指导作用。

Underice Operation of SJT-5 ROV

The authors have used a low-cost ROV of observation type for underice surveying of the Nen-Jiang Cross-river oil pipe line in the Da Qing oil field. The operation method, process and the safety measures for severe cold areas are presented. The fruitful tries and experience may be useful to ROV operators in severe cold areas.

地铁车站防水工程质量控制与管理探索

围绕地铁站防水工程质量控制管理进行研究,分析了地铁车站的防水标准,并以南宁地铁4#线超长地铁车站洪运路站为例,研究洪运路站主体与三缝部位的渗漏原因,并分别从施工材料、施工过程2个方面对防水工程进行质量控制和管理,提出有效的质量控制对策。

地铁工程中地下连续墙施工技术分析

在地铁项目实际建设中,对周边建筑或道路会造成一定的影响,因而一般选用地下连续墙施工技术开展施工。基于此,因此,主要论述了地铁工程中,地下连续墙施工技术相关知识。

地铁通信工程的施工技术要点与质量控制

在地铁工程施工过程中,通信工程是较为重要的环节。通信系统的稳定性对地铁正常运行与后期发展起着十分重要的作用。地铁工程在施工过程中需有效提升施工人员的操作技术水平,利用先进的科学技术方法监督管理质量控制,从而有效保障地铁通信后期的稳定运行,进一步促进地铁交通的可持续发展。

我国地铁轨道工程的质量控制和创新研究

文中阐述了在城市地铁轨道工程施工中容易出现的问题及具体的质量控制措施,并结合实际情况,提出了地铁轨道工程施工中质量管理的创新策略。

地铁机电设备的安装及质量控制研究

在社会不断发展,时代不断进步的过程中,为了使地铁能够在社会发展的过程中发挥出自身的应用价值,就必须要保障地铁机电等设备的正常运转。因此,结合地铁机电设备安装与质量控制工作开展的实际情况,深入分析如何有效地加强地铁机电设备的安装与质量等工作,为地铁机电设备的安全高效运转提供一定的保障。