Solution of MHD Flow past a Vertical Porous Plate through a Porous Medium under Oscillatory Suction

The model of mass transfer on free convective flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid past vertically porous plate through a porous medium with time dependant permeability and oscillatory suction in presence of a transverse magnetic field is considered. Perturbation technique is obtained the solution for velocity field and concentration distribution analytically. The effects of the flow parameters on the velocity field and concentration distribution are presented with the aid of figures. Also, the skin friction and the rate of mass transfer are calculated with the aid of tables.

Thermal Radiation Effect on the MHD Turbulent Compressible Boundary Layer Flow with Adverse Pressure Gradient, Heat Transfer and Local Suction

The combined effect of magnetic field, thermal radiation and local suction on the steady turbulent compressible boundary layer flow with adverse pressure gradient is numerically studied. The magnetic field is constant and applied transversely to the direction of the flow. The fluid is subjected to a localized suction and is considered as a radiative optically thin gray fluid. The Reynolds Averaged Boundary Layer (RABL) equations with appropriate boundary conditions are transformed using the compressible Falkner Skan transformation. The nonlinear and coupled system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is solved using the Keller box method. For the eddy-kinematic viscosity the Baldwin Lomax turbulent model and for the turbulent Prandtl number the extended Kays Crawford model are used. The numerical results show that the flow field can be controlled by the combined effect of the applied magnetic field, thermal radiation, and localized suction, moving the separation point, xs , downstream towards the plate’s end, and increasing total drag, D . The combined effect of thermal radiation and magnetic field has a cooling effect on the fluid at the wall vicinity. The combined effect has a greater influence in the case of high free-stream temperature.

NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE FLOW AROUND A CIRCULAR CYLINDER WITH SURFACE SUCTION OR BLOWING USING VORTICITY-VELOCITY METHOD

A vorticity-velocity method was used to study the incompressible viscous fluid flow around a circular cylinder with surface suction or blowing. The resulted high order implicit difference equations were effeciently solved by the modified incomplete LU decomposition conjugate gradient scheme ( MILU-CG). The effects of surface suction or blowing' s position and strength on the vortex structures in the cylinder wake, as well as on the drag and lift forces at Reynoldes number Re = 100 were investigated numerically. The results show that the suction on the shoulder of the cylinder or the blowing on the rear of the cylinder can effeciently suppress the asymmetry of the vortex wake in the transverse direction and greatly reduce the lift force; the suction on the shoulder of the cylinder, when its strength is properly chosen, can reduce the drag force significantly, too.

Effects of thermal radiation on Casson fluid flow and heat transfer over an unsteady stretching surface subjected to suction/blowing

The unsteady flow of a Casson fluid and heat transfer over a stretching surface in presence of suction/blowing are investigated. The transformed equations are solved numerically by using the shooting method. The exact solution corre- sponding to the momentum equation for the steady case is obtained. Fluid velocity initially decreases with the increase of unsteadiness parameter. Due to an increasing Casson parameter the velocity field is suppressed. Thermal radiation enhances the effective thermal diffusivity and the temperature rises.

Magneto Convective Flow of a Non-Newtonian Fluid through Non-Homogeneous Porous Medium past a Vertical Porous Plate with Variable Suction

Radiation absorption and chemical reaction effects on unsteady MHD free convective flow of a viscoelastic fluid past a vertical porous plate in the presence of variable suction and heat source is considered. A uniform magnetic field is assumed to be applied in the transverse direction of the flow. The set of non-linear partial differential equations is transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations by super imposing a solution with steady and unsteady part. The set of ordinary differential equations is solved by using regular perturbation scheme. The expressions for velocity, temperature and species concentration fields are obtained and the expressions for Skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also derived. The effects of numerous physical parameters on the above flow quantities are studied with the help of graphs and tables.

Group Method Analysis of MHD Mixed Convective Flow Past on a Moving Curved Surface with Suction

The group-theorytic approach is applied for solving the problem of the unsteady MHD mixed convective flow past on a moving curved surface. The application of two-parameter groups reduces the number of independent variables by two, and consequently the system of governing partial differential equations with boundary conditions reduces to a system of ordinary differential equations with appropriate boundary conditions. The obtained ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using the shooting method. The effects of varying parameters governing the problem are studied. A comparison with previous work is presented.

Magneto Hydrodynamics Stagnation Point Flow of a Nano Fluid over an Exponentially Stretching Sheet with an Effect of Chemical Reaction, Heat Source and Suction/Injunction

A numerical investigation is carried out on the effects of heat source suction and viscous dissipation on Magneto hydrodynamics boundary layer flow of a viscous, steady and incompressible fluid. The flow is assumed to be over on exponentially stretching sheet. The governing system of partial differential equations has been transformed into ordinary differential equation using similarity transformation. Keller box method is simulated on the dimensionless system of differential equations. The skin friction coefficient and the heat and mass transfer rates are very significant parameters that are computed, analysed discussed in detail.

基于Flow Simulation的注聚泵保黏改造设计

针对注聚泵在工作中存在对聚合物溶液机械降解大、容积效率低等问题,对注聚泵液力端进行了改造。对影响保黏效果的吸入阀、排出阀及壳体内部流道等关键部位进行了结构改造,并利用Flow Simulation流体分析软件对改造前后的液体流线进行了仿真分析。结果表明:改造后流体流动迹线接近层流状态,能够最大程度地降低黏损率。现场应用效果证明保黏改造效果较为明显。

A class of exact solutions for the incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamic flow over a porous rotating disk

The present paper is concerned with a class of ex- act solutions to the steady Navier-Stokes equations for the incompressible Newtonian viscous electrically conducting fluid flow due to a porous disk rotating with a constant angu- lar speed. The three-dimensional hydromagnetic equations of motion are treated analytically to obtained exact solutions with the inclusion of suction and injection. The well-known thinning/thickening flow field effect of the suction/injection is better understood from the constructed closed form veloc- ity equations. Making use of this solution, analytical formu- las for the angular velocity components as well as for the permeable wall shear stresses are derived. Interaction of the resolved flow field with the surrounding temperature is fur- ther analyzed via the energy equation. The temperature field is shown to accord with the dissipation and the Joule heating. As a result, exact formulas are obtained for the temperature field which take different forms corresponding to the condi- tion of suction or injection imposed on the wall.

Hall Effects on Unsteady Magnetohydrodynamic Flow of a Third Grade Fluid

The unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of an electrically conducting viscous incompressible third grade fluid bounded by an infinite porous plate is studied with the Hall effect. An external uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the plate and the fluid motion is subjected to a uniform suction and injection. Similarity transformations are employed to reduce the non-linear equations governing the flow under discussion to two ordinary differential equations （with and without dispersion terms）. Using the finite difference scheme, numerical solutions represented by graphs with reference to the various involved parameters of interest are discussed and appropriate conclusions are drawn.

A New Approach for the Stability Analysis in Hydromagnetic Couette Flow

This paper analyses the effects of small injection/suction Reynolds number, Hartmann parameter, permeability parameter and wave number on a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid flow in a parallel porous plates forming a channel. The plates of the channel are parallel with the same constant temperature and subjected to a small injection/suction. The upper plate is allowed to move in flow direction and the lower plate is kept at rest. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicularly to the plates. The main objective of the paper is to study the effect of the above parameters on temporal linear stability analysis of the flow with a new approach based on modified Orr-Sommerfeld equation. It is obtained that the permeability parameter, the Hartmann parameter and the wave number contribute to the linear temporal stability while the small injection/suction Reynolds number has a negligible effect on the stability.

Soret and Dufour effects on unsteady MHD flow past an infinite vertical porous plate with thermal radiation

The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of flow parameters on the free convection and mass transfer of an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of an electrically conducting, viscous, and incompressible fluid past an infinite vertical porous plate under oscillatory suction velocity and thermal radiation. The Dufour （diffusion thermo） and Soret （thermal diffusion） effects are taken into account. The problem is solved numerically using the finite element method for the velocity, the temperature, and the concentration field. The expression for the skin friction, the rate of heat and mass transfer is obtained. The results are presented numerically through graphs and tables for the externally cooled plate （Gr 〉 0） and the externally heated plate （Gr 〈 0） to observe the effects of various parameters encountered in the equations.

Boundary Layer Stagnation-Point Slip Flow and Heat Transfer towards a Shrinking/Stretching Cylinder over a Permeable Surface

In this paper, the boundary layer stagnation-point slip flow and heat transfer towards a shrinking/stretching cylinder over a permeable surface is considered. The governing equations are first transformed into a system of non-dimensional equations via the non-dimensional variables, and then into self-similar ordinary differential equations before they are solved numerically using the shooting method. Numerical results are obtained for the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number as well as the velocity and temperature profiles for some values of the governing parameters, namely the velocity slip parameter (α), the thermal slip parameter (β), the curvature parameter (γ) and the velocity ratio parameter (c/a). The physical quantities of interest are the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number measured by f’’(0) and –θ’(0), respectively. The numerical results show that the velocity slip parameter α increases the heat transfer rate at the surface, while the thermal slip parameter β decreases it. On the other hand, increasing the velocity slip parameter α causes the decrease in the flow velocity. Further, it is found that the solutions for a shrinking cylinder (c/ac/a>0) case. Finally, it is also found that the values of f’’(0) and –θ’(0) increase as the curvature parameter γ increases.

双吸泵静腔室数值优化与试验分析

【目标】探究影响双吸离心泵效率的主要因素及关键参数,优化设计吸水室以提高水力性能。【方法】基于水力损失最小原则,对吸水室与蜗壳内部流道形状进行设计,研究过流断面面积演变规律。采用CFD数值计算方法对优化前后的泵内流特征及性能特性进行对比分析,并利用实体模型试验验证优化方案的实际性能。【结果】改良设计的工况点效率比原型设计提升3.36%;在0.7QBEP(设计工况)至1.2QBEP范围内,整泵效率相较改进前模型均有所提高。其中,蜗壳水力损失降低明显,除1.3 QBEP损失下降6.18%以外,其余工况下蜗壳水力损失降低幅度均超过20%。对于吸水室,大于0.98 QBEP流量工况时,改进后模型吸水室损失低于改进前模型。【结论】吸水室、蜗壳内部流道的优化设计,明显改善了吸水室内部的不稳定流动,消除了叶轮出口附近的流动旋涡,显著降低水力损失,有效提升双吸泵的水力效率。

钻井法凿井气-液-固耦合排渣流场及刀盘吸渣口优化

针对西部地区侏罗系地层煤矿立井钻井法施工中出现的气举反循环洗井排渣与钻进效率低下问题,以陕西可可盖煤矿中央回风立井ϕ4.2 m超前钻井为工程背景,基于CFD-DEM(计算流体力学和离散单元法耦合)研究方法,建立了气-液-固多相耦合排渣数值模型,揭示了排渣管内、井底流场的速度及压力分布规律,并基于自研的气举反循环排渣试验装置,采用PIV(粒子图像测速法)测试技术对流场分布的正确性进行验证;提出了优化刀盘吸渣口评判指标和方法,对吸渣口的数量、长径比、面积比、总面积占比进行优化,得到了超前钻头刀盘吸渣口布置的最佳方式和相关参数;讨论了钻头转速、注气量、风管没入比和泥浆黏度等主要因素对排渣流场的影响。研究结果表明:(1)排渣管内流体的运移以轴向流动为主,且途经注气端时,流速发生跳跃式剧增;井底流体的运移主要以水平流动为主,流体的垂直上返仅存在于吸渣口附近;井底流体的水平流动以切向流动为主,径向流动仅在吸渣口两侧较为明显,且远离吸渣口处,径流速度较小易产生岩屑沉积;(2)当刀盘吸渣口数量为2,长径比为0.4,面积比为1,总面积占比为1.94%时,吸渣口的布置方式最佳,且清渣率较现行吸渣口布置方式提高66%;(3)增大钻头转速可显著增强吸渣口的吸附作用,注气量、风管没入比与井底和排渣管内流体的轴向速度均呈正相关关系,低黏、低密度的泥浆易获取高流速,但携岩能力较差。研究结果可为破解侏罗系地层深大立井钻井法洗井排渣与钻进效率低下技术难题,提供有益的理论参考。

钝头型市域列车尾流吸气主动控制减阻研究

为探究钝头外形的市域列车运行时尾部吸气控制对列车气动阻力的影响,缓解列车因提速造成的阻力增加问题,采用Realizable k-ε两方程模型的DDES数值仿真方法开展研究,通过风洞试验验证数值模拟方法后,以数值仿真得到的速度场、压力场及各节车的气动阻力分布及组成,分析吸气控制对钝头型市域尾车气动减阻的影响原因。研究结果表明:钝头型市域列车的尾车流线型表面由负压强主导,因此压差阻力占比较大,并且空气绕该部位流动时形成了2个比较明显且对称的流动分离泡,导致了尾车阻力系数尤其是压差阻力系数急剧增大,使尾车压差阻力比重最大,占整车阻力的36.71%;在列车尾部进行吸气控制能提升列车尾部中心区的压力,使尾车的压差阻力显著减小,进而实现整车减阻;在不同吸气方案下,尾车减阻率随着吸气面的增加而增加,当设置的所有吸气面工作时,对尾车的气动减阻率最高可达21.6%;列车离吸气面越远的部位减阻效果越不明显,位于尾部吸气控制上游较远的头车最大减阻率仅为1%,而中间车的减阻率为4%;随着吸气速度从0.2U提升至0.6U,尾车减阻率从17.9%提升至21.6%,整车减阻率从8.3%提升至10.3%,尾车流线型区域后方的正压区也越接近尾车流线型表面。研究结果可为钝头型市域列车主动控制的气动减阻提供参考。

径向剖分双吸式工业液力透平的内部流动损失特性分析

针对双吸式离心泵反转作液力透平运行区间狭窄、效率低等问题,对实际工程应用中的一台径向剖分双吸式离心泵反转作工业液力透平的内部流动损失特性进行了研究。首先,采用了数值模拟方法预测了液力透平在泵和透平典型工况下的水力性能,对比了透平在泵工况下的实验结果,验证了数值模拟的准确性和可靠性;然后,结合熵产理论,定量分析了透平工况下各过流部件对于总能量损失的权重以及熵产成分比重的分布情况;最后,结合局部流动特征进一步揭示了主要过流部件内流动损失的发生位置和产生原因。研究结果表明:壁面熵产是导致径向剖分双吸式工业液力透平内部流动损失的主要原因,在0.8Q_(b)、Q_(b)、1.2Q_(b)工况下,壁面熵产分别占总熵产的55.3%、69%、67.4%;导出室是透平内熵产占比最大的水力部件,局部回流、流动冲击等不良流动特征是导致湍流熵产增加的主要原因。该研究结果对离心泵反转作工业液力透平的优化设计、运行调控和推广应用有一定的借鉴意义。

基于示迹线方法的压气机内部流动显示试验

为了揭示压气机转子叶顶泄漏流和静叶吸力面分离流动的形态及演变趋势,采用示迹线显示空气流动的方法对某低速轴流压气机转子叶顶间隙流动及静叶吸力面复杂流动进行了直接观测。结果表明:转/静子叶片上的示迹线直观形象地显示了转子叶顶泄漏流动和静叶吸力面分离流动的形态及演变趋势;随着压气机节流,转子叶顶泄漏流抗衡主流的“力量”不断增强,导致叶顶泄漏流的影响区域不断向上游拓展,到达近失速工况时,泄漏流与主流的交界面与叶顶前缘平齐;随着压气机节流,静叶吸力面上的流动分离区不断向静叶前缘扩展,到达近失速工况时,50%叶高以下静叶吸力面一侧出现了大面积的回流区。

三种流动控制方法对H型垂直轴风力机性能影响的对比分析

采用数值模拟的方法,分别以基于NACA0021和NACA0018翼型表面带吸气缝叶片的升力型垂直轴风力机为二维、三维研究对象,研究叶片表面施加吸气对提高升力型(H型)垂直轴风力机叶片做功性能的效果。通过开展二维模拟研究,探究多吸气缝在叶片吸力面上的位置对垂直轴风力机气动性能的影响,并对比研究吸气和吹气这两种常用的主动流动控制方法提升垂直轴风力机风能利用净效率的区别。在此基础上,对叶片表面采用吸气控制的垂直轴风力机进行三维数值模拟分析,并将其获能特性与采用波浪前缘叶片即被动流动控制后的垂直轴风力机的性能进行了比较。结果表明,当多吸气缝位置位于距离叶片前缘10%~15%弦长区域范围内时,能最好地抑制垂直轴风力机叶片表面的流动分离,改善叶片的气动性能。与吹气控制方法相比,叶片表面采用吸气控制后的风力机的风能利用净效率在全叶尖速比下的增幅更加明显;而与波浪前缘控制方法相比,采用吸气控制后风力机风能利用净效率在低尖速比下提升效果更为显著,最大提升幅度可达到140%。该文研究结果表明吸气方式可使垂直轴风力机的效率在较大的运行工况内都有明显提高,与吹气和波浪前缘的方法相比在提升风力机气动性能效果方面更为显著,因此也更具工程应用的潜力和优势。

基于响应面法和CFD的轴流气吸式排种器优化设计

为提高轴流气吸式排种器型孔入口处的负压从而提升吸种效率,采用响应面法和CFD软件对排种器结构参数进行试验设计和数值模拟并进行回归分析,得到排种器结构最佳参数组合。使用中央复合设计(CCD)对排种器结构参数进行试验设计并建立15组试验模型,使用FLUENT软件对试验模型的型孔入口压力值进行数值计算,将所得数据集导入Design-Expert软件并通过响应面法进行预测和寻优,得到的最佳参数组合为:扇叶转速为2393 r/min,扇叶个数为11,型孔数为15,此时目标函数预测型孔进口处的负压为210.07 Pa。为验证响应面法目标函数预测值的准确性,进行数值模拟试验和台架试验。结果表明,数值模拟法和响应面法的目标函数值基本一致,而台架法与数值模拟法的误差为6.2%。