Depression and Suicidal Risk in HIV-Infected Adults at Brazzaville University Hospital: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral tritherapies have improved the quality of life of people living with HIV (PVVIH) and extended their life expectancy. However, the nervous system is faced with a neurotropic virus that evolves chronically, sometimes creating neurological disorders directly or indirectly linked to stigmatization or therapeutic effects. Objective: to determine the prevalence of depression associated with suicidal risk (SR) and identify associated factors. Patients and method: This was a prospective descriptive and analytical study from January 1 to November 30, 2022, including all HIV-positive patients receiving or not receiving antiretroviral therapy. The study took place in the infectious diseases department of Brazzaville University Hospital. This department has an inpatient capacity of 36 beds, and an outpatient capacity of 25 patients per day, three times a week. This is the largest center for PVVIH in Brazzaville. The Patient Heath Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess the degree of depression and suicidal risk. Therapeutic adherence was assessed using the Morisky questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. Qualitative variables were expressed as numbers and percentages, and quantitative variables as means and standard deviations. Statistical tests were used according to their applicability criteria. For all tests, the significance threshold was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 150 patients were consulted, constituting the sample size. The prevalence of depression and suicidal risk was 32%. These patients had an average age of 42.83 ± 10.24 years, were female (n = 101;67.3%), Christian (n = 97;64%), single (n = 68;45.3%). Stigmatization (n = 75;50%) was the reason for attempted suicide. HIV was perceived as treatable (n = 103;68.7%), unlucky (n = 62;41.3%). Patients were WHO stage 1 (n = 105;70%). RS was present in 47 cases (31.3%). Factors associated with depression and suicidal risk were age (p = 0.000), residence (p = 0.028), suicide attempt (p = 0.000), desire to procreate (p = 0.000) and ARV (antiretrovirals) side effects (p Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and suicidal risk was high, in line with stigma and socio-economic conditions. The associated factors were in line with those identified in the literature. Mental health needs to be integrated into the overall care of people living with HIV.

Analysis of risk factors of suicidal ideation in adolescent patients with depression and construction of prediction model

BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a common mental illness among adolescents and is the largest disease burden in this age group.Most adolescent patients with depression have suicidal ideation(SI);however,few studies have focused on the factors related to SI,and effective predictive models are lacking.AIM To construct a risk prediction model for SI in adolescent depression and provide a reference assessment tool for prevention.METHODS The data of 150 adolescent patients with depression at the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang from June 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Based on whether or not they had SI,they were divided into a SI group(n=91)and a non-SI group(n=59).The general data and laboratory indices of the two groups were compared.Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing SI in adolescent patients with depression,a nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the analysis results,and internal evaluation was performed.Receiver operating characteristic and calibration curves were used to evaluate the model’s efficacy,and the clinical application value was evaluated using decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS There were differences in trauma history,triggers,serum ferritin levels(SF),highsensitivity C-reactive protein levels(hs-CRP),and high-density lipoprotein(HDLC)levels between the two groups(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that trauma history,predisposing factors,SF,hs-CRP,and HDL-C were factors influencing SI in adolescent patients with depression.The area under the curve of the nomogram prediction model was 0.831(95%CI:0.763–0.899),sensitivity was 0.912,and specificity was 0.678.The higher net benefit of the DCA and the average absolute error of the calibration curve were 0.043,indicating that the model had a good fit.CONCLUSION The nomogram prediction model based on trauma history,triggers,ferritin,serum hs-CRP,and HDL-C levels can effectively predict the risk of SI in adolescent patients with depression.

Predicting Users’ Latent Suicidal Risk in Social Media: An Ensemble Model Based on Social Network Relationships

Suicide has become a critical concern,necessitating the development of effective preventative strategies.Social media platforms offer a valuable resource for identifying signs of suicidal ideation.Despite progress in detecting suicidal ideation on social media,accurately identifying individuals who express suicidal thoughts less openly or infrequently poses a significant challenge.To tackle this,we have developed a dataset focused on Chinese suicide narratives from Weibo’s Tree Hole feature and introduced an ensemble model named Text Convolutional Neural Network based on Social Network relationships(TCNN-SN).This model enhances predictive performance by leveraging social network relationship features and applying correction factors within a weighted linear fusion framework.It is specifically designed to identify key individuals who can help uncover hidden suicidal users and clusters.Our model,assessed using the bespoke dataset and benchmarked against alternative classification approaches,demonstrates superior accuracy,F1-score and AUC metrics,achieving 88.57%,88.75%and 94.25%,respectively,outperforming traditional TextCNN models by 12.18%,10.84%and 10.85%.We assert that our methodology offers a significant advancement in the predictive identification of individuals at risk,thereby contributing to the prevention and reduction of suicide incidences.

Suicidal Behaviours in Sickle Cell Patients at the Douala Sickle Cell Care Centre in Cameroon

Introduction: Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary disease that combines physical and psychological manifestations, including suicidal tendencies. So far, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted on suicidal behaviours among people with sickle cell disease in Cameroon. This is what justifies our study on the prevalence and factors related to suicidal behaviors in our study population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical study of 171 sickle cell patients aged from 12 years upwards who came to the sickle cell disease care service of the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala, over a period of 6 months, that is, from 1 January to 31 June 2022. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with questions on suicidal behaviours based on the “MINI” (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). The data were processed using the SPSS 26.0 software. The related factors were studied in both a bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Female sickle cell patients accounted for 60.2% of the sample. The mean age was 23.36 ± 8.42 years. Suicidal ideation was prevalent in 56% of cases and 13% attempted suicide. The factors most associated with suicidal ideation were: primary level of education (OR = 0.08 (0.09 - 0.79);p = 0.03), feeling unworthy of life (OR = 0.40 (0.08 - 1.96);p = 0.02), not often being considered by those around them (OR = 2.97 (1.26 - 6.99);p = 0.01), lack of family support (OR = 0.34 (0.15 - 0.77);p = 0.01). Meanwhile, the factors associated with suicide attempts were: the fact of being rarely exposed to suicide-related media (OR = 4.17 (1.40 - 71.80);p = 0.03), and a constant feeling of sadness when returning home (OR = 18.02 (1.59 - 20.55);p = 0.01). Conclusion: More than half of sickle cell patients had had suicidal thoughts and 1/6 had made at least one suicide attempt, women and young adults being the most concerned. It is therefore necessary to ensure optimum psychological care for patients with sickle cell disease.

On the role of impulsivity and decision-making in suicidal behavior

Suicide risk constitutes a complex set of interacting demographic, clinical, psychobiological and environmental variables. Impulsivity is a long-known risk factor for suicide attempts. However, research based on clearer conceptual refinement in this area is imperative. One emerging field of study is that of decision-making. Impulsivity involves a failure of higher-order control, including decision-making. Using standardized operational definitions that take into consideration relevant aspects of impulsivity, including state- and trait-components and a deeper understanding of the process of decision-making in the suicidal mind, we may come a step closer to understanding suicidality and winning the fight in this scourge of human suffering.

Antecedents and sex/gender differences in youth suicidal behavior

Suicide is the second leading cause of death in youth globally; however, there is uncertainty about how best to intervene. Suicide rates are typically higher in males than females, while the converse is true for suicide attempts. We review this "gender paradox" in youth, and in particular, the age-dependency of these sex/gender differences and the developmental mechanisms that may explain them. Epidemiologic, genetic,neurodevelopmental and psychopathological research have identified suicidal behaviour risks arising from genetic vulnerabilities and sex/gender differences in early adverse environments, neurodevelopment, mental disorder and their complex interconnections. Further, evolving sex-/gender-defined social expectations and norms have been thought to influence suicide risk. In particular, how youth perceive and cope with threats and losses(including conforming to others' or one's own expectations of sex/gender identity) and adapt to pain(through substance use and helpseeking behaviours). Taken together, considering brain plasticity over the lifespan, these proposed antecedents to youth suicide highlight the importance of interventions that alter early environment(s)(e.g., childhood maltreatment) and/or one's ability to adapt to them. Further, such interventions may have more enduring protective effects, for the individual and for future generations, if implemented in youth.

Variables of Suicidal Behavior in Tenerife Years 2011-2012: Proposals for the Prevention

Suicide is treated by society as a taboo subject despite it being the leading cause of unnatural death in Spain. The Tenerife Province is ranked 16th among the 52 Spanish provinces for its suicide rate. From 2007 till 2010, the rate increased from 2007 to 2008, then dropped in 2010. Slight rise occurred in suicide rates in 2010. This rate increased from 2007 to 2008, with a decrease of rate in 2010. Slight rise occurred in suicide rates in 2010. In 2013 the province saw 75 suicides per year. 90% - 98% of suicides are closely related to mental disease with the remaining 10% associated with different poor causes of the subject, according to bibliography. In this retrospective study, it has been found that the highest risk rests with men over 40 years of age in the central and southern part of the island. Among the forms of suicide reported, the most common is hanging followed by jumping from a height. It’s important to understand the reasons behind suicidal behavior from a psychosocial perspective, taking into account “unsafe” indicators and individual profiles. The lethal nature of a suicide attempt also depends on the form of suicide adopted and the possibility of a rescue. Specific protocols to prevent suicide should be promoted and discussed between health and social services.

Associations among depression, suicidal behavior, and quality of life in patients with human immunodeficiency virus

AIM: To investigate the potential associations among major depression, quality of life, and suicidal behavior in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) patients. METHODS: A detailed MEDLINE search was carried out to identify all articles and book chapters in English published from January 1995 to January 2015. RESULTS: Based on the main findings, the prevalence of major depressive disorder(MDD) ranged from 14.0% to 27.2%. Furthermore, the prevalence of suicidal ideation varied from 13.6% to 31.0% whereas, attempted suicides were reported to range from 3.9% to 32.7%. Interestingly, various associated risk factors for both depression and suicide were identified in HIV patients. Finally, consistent associations were reported among MDD, suicidal ideation, and poor quality of life in individuals living with HIV. CONCLUSION: Although additional studies are needed to elucidate this complex association, our results suggest the importance of early detection of both MDD and suicidality in patients living with HIV.

Characteristics,causality,and suicidal behavior:a qualitative study of family members with suicide history in Wonogiri,Indonesia

Objective:This study explored the characteristics,causality,and suicidal behavior among family members with suicide history in Wonogiri,Central Java,Indonesia.Methods:Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 family members who had made suicide attempts.The interviews directly explored the relationships among characteristics,causality,and suicidal behavior.The research data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman approach.Results:The results indicate that there are relationships among characteristics,causality,and suicidal behaviors.The characteristics contributing to suicide attempts were male gender,age(adolescence and old age),lack of religious activities,introvert nature,low economic status,chronic diseases,unemployment,and a history of family members with suicide attempts.The causality of suicide was joblessness,economic crisis,unemployment,family conditions,personality disorder,depression,sickness,and suicide ideation.Conclusions:The findings highlight the relationships among characteristics,causality,and suicidal behaviors.Suicide occurs when individuals have some problems that they cannot solve because of the lack of family support.The causal factors were related to one another,which caused the suicidal behavior.One of the most effective suicide prevention strategies is educating the community on how to identify suicidal signs and increase social supports.

Suicidal behavior-advances in clinical and neurobiological research and improvement of prevention strategies

Suicide is the 14^(th)leading cause of death worldwide.It is responsible for 1%-5%of all mortality.This article highlights the latest developments in universal,selective,and indicated prevention strategies.Concerning universal suicide prevention,current research has shown that strategies such as restricting access to lethal means(e.g.,control of analgesics and hot-spots for suicide by jumping)and school-based awareness programs are most efficacious.Regarding selective prevention,substantial progress can be expected in psychological screening methods for suicidal behavior.The measurement of implicit cognition proved to be more valid in predicting future suicide attempts than classic clinical assessment.Latest developments are smartphone-based interventions and realtime monitoring of suicidal behavior.Great effort has been made to establish valid neurobiological screening methods(e.g.,genetic and epigenetic risk factors for suicide,hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis)without yielding a major breakthrough.Potentially,multiple biomarkers rather than a single one are necessary to identify individuals at risk.With regard to indicated prevention in form of psychopharmacological treatment,recent pharmacoepidemiological studies and meta-analyses have supported a protective role of antidepressants,lithium,and clozapine.However,the data concerning a specific anti-suicidal effect of these drugs are currently not consistent.Promising results exist for ketamine in reducing suicidal ideation,independently of its antidepressant effect.Concerning psychotherapy,recent findings suggest that psychotherapeutic interventions specifically designed to prevent suicide re-attempts are most efficacious.Specifically,cognitive behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy approaches proved to decrease the number of suicide re-attempts significantly.

Research progress on whether BDNF can be used as a predictive biomarkerfor suicidal behavior

In recent years,the serious social phe-nomenon of suicide has been of great concern to society and academia.However,the study and early risk assess-ment of suicide have been limited by multiple aspects.Therefore,researchers have started to search for a reliable marker for early diagnosis of suicide risk,and one of the widely studied neurotransmitters associated with suicide is the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).This re-view aims to summarize the current scientific knowledge on the relevance of BDNF and psychiatric disorders to suicide and to infer whether neurotrophic factors could be a reliable marker for early diagnosis of suicide risk.Based on the results of these studies,a link between BDNF and suicide may exist and act independently of mental illness.However,there is still controversy and further studies may provide researchers with useful information.

Psychiatric hospitalization during the two SARS-CoV-2 pandemic waves:New warnings for acute psychotic episodes and suicidal behaviors

BACKGROUND The subsequent waves of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic have represented a dramatic health emergency characterized by significant consequences on mental health.Diachronic variations in the incidence rates of acute relapse of psychiatric disorders may represent significant"sentinel events"for assessing the mental health response to an unprecedented stressful event.AIM To investigate the variation in psychiatric hospitalization rates and differences in sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological peculiarities at Bologna"Maggiore"General Hospital Psychiatric Ward(GHPW)between the first two waves SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the same periods of the previous 3 years.The secondary purpose of the study was to suggest a diachronic response pathway to stress by reporting additional literature data on coping strategies.METHODS This observational and retrospective study collected information on admission to the GHPW at the"Maggiore"Hospital in Bologna in the index periods defined as follows:the first period between February 24,2020 and April 30,2020(first epidemic wave)and the second period between October 8,2020,and January 7,2021(second pandemic wave).Absolute numbers and proportion of admitted patients,their sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological characteristics were compared with the same parameters recorded in the two same periods of the previous 3 years.No strict inclusion or exclusion criteria were provided in the data collection to collect information on all patients requiring acute psychiatric hospitalization.RESULTS During the first wave,there was a significant reduction in hospitalization rates,although there was a simultaneous increase in compulsory hospitalizations and the acute relapse of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.During the second wave,hospitalization rates reached those recorded during the same period of the previous 3 years,mainly due to the rise of bipolar and related disorders,depressive disorders,anxiety disorders,trauma-and stressor-related disorders and suicidal behaviors.CONCLUSION The coping strategies adopted during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic protected the vulnerable population from the general risk of clinical-psychopathological acute relapse,even if they increased the susceptibility to run into schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder relapses.In the medium-long term(as in the second pandemic wave),the same strategies do not play protective roles against the stress associated with the pandemic and social restriction measures.Indeed,during the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,an increase in total hospitalization rate,suicidal behaviors and the incidence rate of bipolar and related disorders,depressive disorders,anxiety disorders,trauma-and stressorrelated disorders was observed.

Effect of dialectical behavior therapy on the serum neurotransmitters and cytokines in depression patients with suicidal tendency

Objective: To explore the effect of dialectical behavior therapy on the serum neurotransmitters and cytokines in depression patients with suicidal tendency. Methods: A total of 98 depression patients with suicidal tendency who were treated in the hospital between August 2014 and August 2017 were collected and divided into the control group (n=49) and the research group (n=49) by random number table. Control group received routine drug therapy, and study group received dialectical behavior therapy combined with drug therapy. The differences in serum levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, nerve function indexes and acute phase proteins were compared between the two groups of patients. Results: After treatment, serum NE, 5-HT and DA levels of research group were higher than those of control group;serum MBP and NSE levels of research group were lower than those of control group while BDNF level was higher than that of control group;serum Tf level of research group was higher than that of control group while Hp level was lower than that of control group. Conclusion: Dialectical behavior therapy intervention can effectively optimize the nerve function and improve the overall state of depression patients with suicidal tendency.

An Evaluation of Suicidality and Its Predictors in Police Officers in Lagos, Nigeria

Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-dimensional, however, there are insufficient studies which have examined the burden and risk factors of suicidality in Nigerian police officers. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of suicidality among police officers in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 600 police officers who were selected using a non-probability sampling method. Questionnaires used were: Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of suicidality was 14%, and the predictors of suicidality were: state anxiety (p 0.001), trait anxiety (p 0.001), substance use (p = 0.03), being unmarried (p = 0.03), and female gender (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Suicidality is prevalent among Nigerian police officers, with a higher risk in those who are vulnerable. The creation of government policies and infrastructure which promote mental health in police officers is necessary.

Prevalence of Suicidal Risk in the General Population in Parakou (Benin) in 2022

Introduction: Every year worldwide, the WHO estimates that nearly one million people take their own lives, the equivalent of one suicide occurring every 40 seconds, despite the fact that this harm is preventable. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of suicide in the general population in the commune of Parakou in 2022. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2021 to December 2022. Sampling was probabilistic, using the WHO cluster sampling technique. Results: A total of 582 subjects were surveyed, of whom 99 (17.01%) were at risk of suicide (low (7.6%), moderate (5.7%) and high (3.8%)). Evaluation of suicidal behaviors revealed suicidal ideation (15.12%), suicidal planning (4.46%), suicide attempts (3.78%) and suicidal equivalents (6.90%). After multivariate analysis, the following were statically associated with suicidal risk: wet nurse status of less than one month (p = 0.003), family history of suicide attempt (p = 0.004), lack of affection from parents or guardians (p = 0.044), poor relationship with partner (p = 0.033) and depression (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Approximately one person in five is at risk of suicide at the end of this study. There is every interest to implement effective preventive measures at national level.

Depression and Suicidal Ideations among Prisoners of the Douala Central Prison

Introduction: The prison environment is a conducive environment for the development of psychiatric pathologies such as depression and suicidal ideation. To date, no related study has been conducted in Douala, Cameroon. We have therefore undertaken to study the prevalence of these pathologies and their related factors among inmates of the Douala Central Prison. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 309 prisoners over a 6-month period from 1 January to 31 June 2022. This involved prisoners aged 18 years and over, who were consenting and able to read and write. Data were collected during individual interviews using a structured questionnaire. Depression was assessed by the BECK Short Form Depression Inventory and suicidal ideation was assessed by the MINI. These data were processed using the SPSS version 25.0 software. The related factors were studied in bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Most of the prisoners were male (97%), and more than half knew their criminal status. The prevalence of depression was 33.7% and that of suicide ideation was 22.7%. Among the factors associated with depression were receiving social visits and suicidal ideation. A history of physical/psychological abuse, repeated offences and prison violence were protective factors. Factors associated with suicidal ideation were the absence of social visits, physical abuse in childhood, smoking in prison and depression. Suicidal ideation was independently associated with depression as well as depression being independently associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion: About 1/3 of the prisoners had depression and almost 1/4 had suicidal ideations. As a result of this and the related factors, there is a need to reorganize psychiatric care within our prison context.

Evaluation of Suicidal Risk in Sickle Cell Patients Monitored at the Hubert Koutoukou Maga National University Hospital Center in Cotonou in 2022

Introduction: According to the WHO, suicide is a real public health problem worldwide, and several risk factors have been identified, including pain and chronic illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the suicidal risk in sickle-cell patients. Method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of sickle-cell patients followed up at the University Clinic of Blood Diseases of Hubert Koutoukou Maga National University Hospital Center from August 2022 to November 2022. The instrument used was the Ducher suicide risk self-assessment scale. Results: A total of 65 patients were included. Mean age was 27.04 ± 1.95 years, with extremes of 16 and 50 years, and a peak of 47.69% in the 20 - 30 age group. Women predominated (58.46%), with a sex ratio of 0.71. Somatic complaints accounted for 41.54% of patients’ visits, including 21.54% for pain. Suicidal risk was positive in 44.62%, including 13.85% for severe suicidal risk, and 20% attributed their desire to die to pain. The factor associated with positive suicidal risk was single parenthood (p = 0.02). Of those with a positive suicidal risk, 46% had shared the intention with close relatives (family and friends), but none had used medical services. Conclusion: These data demonstrate the high prevalence of suicidal risk among people with sickle cell disease, and therefore the need for psychosocial intervention in this specific population in Benin.

Depression and Suicidal Ideations among Older Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Mbarara City, Southwest Uganda

Background: Due to the increase in longevity and use of antiretroviral treatment, Uganda has had a growing population of older persons living with HIV/AIDS. However, there is a paucity of information on the mental health of the elderly living with HIV/AIDS. In this cross-sectional study, we determined the prevalence of, and associated factors for depression and suicidal ideation among older persons living with HIV/AIDS in Mbarara city, southwest Uganda. Methods: Older persons (150 females, 115 males), with mean age = 64.2 (±5.1) years, accessing health services from three purposively selected HIV/AIDS care centers in Mbarara city, southwest Uganda were recruited. Data on depression and suicidal ideation were collected using a Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) validated in Uganda, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect data on clinical and socio-demographic characteristics. Data were analysed using logistic regression. Results: Approximately 8.3% and 12.1% had depression and suicidal ideation, respectively. The factors associated with lowering the likelihood of depression were: an increase in the number of family members they stayed with and having no having any problems with their ARVs. On the other hand, earning more than 100,000 Uganda shillings was associated with reducing the risk of suicidal ideations among the participants. Conclusion: Approximately 8 to 12 in 100 older persons living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda have experienced depression or suicidal ideation. Family support and financial control were instrumental factors associated with depression and suicidal ideations, respectively. We recommended strengthening family structures and creating more avenues for financial independence among older persons living with HIV/AIDS to reduce the burden of depression, and suicidal behaviours among this vulnerable population.

Socio-Psychological Factors of Rising Trend of Suicidal Ideation among Indigenous Workforce: Evidence from Himalayan Range

Apart from socio-economic disparities,indigenous people of the Himalayan range in Asia face an increasing trend of suicides.The tragic suicidal events usually go unaddressed,and no strategies are presently in place to mitigate suicides in the future.This study aims to explain the prevailing causes of suicidal ideation to come up with some policy recommendations.Through a preliminary survey,we identified social stigma,social isolation,lack of healthcare facilities,and domestic violence as the potential reasons for suicidal ideation.We identified individuals with suicide ideation for further data collection to test the relationships between the identified variables and suicidal ideation.A quantitative,explanatory and cross-sectional design was used to test the hypotheses.Inferential statistics were applied to the data containing 314 responses,and the results revealed that all the predictive variables influence the formation of suicidal ideation.The study uncovered some new dimensions of social stigma and social isolation that are common among the indigenous people.The results also indicate that some domestic violence is socially acceptable and considered a normal familial matter.Thefindings have theoretical and practical implications.We have identified new dimensions of social stigma,social isolation,and domestic violence that are new additions to the existing bank of literature.It provides insights to encourage public authorities,healthcare providers,and NGO managers to play their role in the right direction to mitigate the problem.This study opens further venues for researchers to investigate the complex issue of suicide more deeply.

知觉压力与大学生自杀意念:心理复原力和抑郁的链式中介作用

目的探讨知觉压力与自杀意念的关系,并探究心理复原力和抑郁在其中的中介作用。方法采用知觉压力量表、大学生复原力量表、贝克抑郁量表和自杀意念量表对875名大学生进行调查。结果①知觉压力与抑郁、自杀意念呈显著正相关,与心理复原力呈显著负相关;②知觉压力不能直接影响大学生自杀意念,但能通过3条间接路径对自杀意念产生影响:心理复原力的单独中介作用、抑郁的单独中介作用以及心理复原力和抑郁的链式中介作用。结论心理复原力和抑郁在知觉压力与大学生自杀意念的关系中间起链式中介作用。