Neuro myelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.However,whether and how cortical changes occur in NMOSD with normal-appearing brain tissue,or wheth...Neuro myelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.However,whether and how cortical changes occur in NMOSD with normal-appearing brain tissue,or whether any cortical changes correlate with clinical chara cteristics,is not completely clear.The current study recruited 43 patients with NMOSD who had normal-appearing brain tissue and 45 healthy controls matched for age,sex,and educational background from December 2020 to February 2022.A surface-based morphological analysis of high-resolution T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images was used to calculate the cortical thickness,sulcal depth,and gyrification index.Analysis showed that cortical thickness in the bilate ral rostral middle frontal gyrus and left superior frontal gyrus was lower in the patients with NMOSD than in the control participants.Subgroup analysis of the patients with NMOSD indicated that compared with those who did not have any optic neuritis episodes,those who did have such episodes exhibited noticeably thinner cortex in the bilateral cuneus,superior parietal co rtex,and pericalcarine co rtex.Correlation analysis indicated that co rtical thickness in the bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with scores on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and negatively correlated with scores on the Trail Making Test and the Expanded Disability Status Scale.These results are evidence that cortical thinning of the bilateral regional frontal cortex occurs in patients with NMOSD who have normal-appearing brain tissue,and that the degree of thinning is correlated with clinical disability and cognitive function.These findings will help im prove our understanding of the imaging chara cteristics in NMOSD and their potential clinical significance.展开更多
Facial synkinesis is a troublesome sequelae of facial nerve malfunction.It is difficult to recover from synkinesis,despite improved surgical techniques for isolating the peripheral facial nerve branches.Furthermore,it...Facial synkinesis is a troublesome sequelae of facial nerve malfunction.It is difficult to recover from synkinesis,despite improved surgical techniques for isolating the peripheral facial nerve branches.Furthermore,it remains unclear whether long-term dysfunction of motor control can lead to irreversible plasticity-induced structural brain changes.This case-control study thus investigated the structural brain alterations associated with facial synkinesis.The study was conducted at Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,China.Twenty patients with facial synkinesis(2 male and 18 female,aged 33.35±6.97 years)and 19 healthy volunteers(2 male and 17 female,aged 33.21±6.75 years)underwent magnetic resonance imaging,and voxel-based and surface-based morphometry techniques were used to analyze data.There was no significant difference in brain volume between patients with facial synkinesis and healthy volunteers.Patients with facial synkinesis exhibited a significantly reduced cortical thickness in the contralateral superior and inferior temporal gyri and a reduced sulcal depth of the ipsilateral precuneus compared with healthy volunteers.In addition,sulcal depth of the ipsilateral precuneus was negatively correlated with the severity of depression.These findings suggest that there is a structural remodeling of gray matter in patients with facial synkinesis after facial nerve malfunction.This study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,China(approval No.2017-365-T267)on September 13,2017,and was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number:ChiCTR1800014630)on January 25,2018.展开更多
Background:Major depressive disorder(MDD)is associated with high risk of suicide,but the biological under-pinnings of suicidality in MDD patients are far from conclusive.Previous neuroimaging studies using voxel-based...Background:Major depressive disorder(MDD)is associated with high risk of suicide,but the biological under-pinnings of suicidality in MDD patients are far from conclusive.Previous neuroimaging studies using voxel-based morphometry(VBM)demonstrated that depressed individuals with suicidal thoughts or behaviors exhibit specific cortical structure alterations.To complement VBM findings,surface-based morphometry(SBM)can pro-vide more details into gray matter structure,including the cortical complexity,cortical thickness and sulcal depth for brain images.Objective:This study aims to use SBM to investigate cortical morphology alterations to obtain evidence for neuroanatomical alterations in depressed patients with suicidality.Methods:Here,3D T1-weighted MR images of brain from 39 healthy controls,40 depressed patients without suicidality(patient controls),and 39 with suicidality(suicidal groups)were analyzed based on SBM to estimate the fractal dimension,gyrification index,sulcal depth,and cortical thickness using the Computational Anatomy Toolbox.Correlation analyses were performed between clinical data and cortical surface measurements from patients.Results:Surface-based morphometry showed decreased sulcal depth in the parietal,frontal,limbic,occipital and temporal regions and decreased fractal dimension in the frontal regions in depressed patients with sui-cidality compared to both healthy and patient controls.Additionally,in patients with depression,the sulcal depth of the left caudal anterior cingulate cortex was negatively correlated with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores.Conclusions:Depressed patients with suicidality had abnormal cortical morphology in some brain regions within the default mode network,frontolimbic circuitry and temporal regions.These structural deficits may be associated with the dysfunction of emotional processing and impulsivity control.This study provides insights into the underlying neurobiology of the suicidal brain.展开更多
基金Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province,No.2020SK4001Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,No.2021RC4016Accurate Localization Study of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Based on Deep Learning Through Multimodal Image and Neural Network,No.2021gfcx05 (all to JL)。
文摘Neuro myelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.However,whether and how cortical changes occur in NMOSD with normal-appearing brain tissue,or whether any cortical changes correlate with clinical chara cteristics,is not completely clear.The current study recruited 43 patients with NMOSD who had normal-appearing brain tissue and 45 healthy controls matched for age,sex,and educational background from December 2020 to February 2022.A surface-based morphological analysis of high-resolution T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images was used to calculate the cortical thickness,sulcal depth,and gyrification index.Analysis showed that cortical thickness in the bilate ral rostral middle frontal gyrus and left superior frontal gyrus was lower in the patients with NMOSD than in the control participants.Subgroup analysis of the patients with NMOSD indicated that compared with those who did not have any optic neuritis episodes,those who did have such episodes exhibited noticeably thinner cortex in the bilateral cuneus,superior parietal co rtex,and pericalcarine co rtex.Correlation analysis indicated that co rtical thickness in the bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with scores on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and negatively correlated with scores on the Trail Making Test and the Expanded Disability Status Scale.These results are evidence that cortical thinning of the bilateral regional frontal cortex occurs in patients with NMOSD who have normal-appearing brain tissue,and that the degree of thinning is correlated with clinical disability and cognitive function.These findings will help im prove our understanding of the imaging chara cteristics in NMOSD and their potential clinical significance.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,Nos.2018YFC2001600(to JGX),2018YFC2001604(to CLS)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Multidisciplinary Research Fund of Medicine and Engineering,China,No.YG 2016QN13(to WD)+2 种基金Intelligent Medical Program of Shanghai Health Commission,China,No.2018ZHYL0216(to CLS)Clinical Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shanghai Shen Kang Hospital Development Center,China,No.SHDC12018126(to JGX and CLS)Shanghai Health Commission Accelerated the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Three-Year Action Plan Project,China,No.ZY(2018-2020)-CCCX-2001-06(to CLS).
文摘Facial synkinesis is a troublesome sequelae of facial nerve malfunction.It is difficult to recover from synkinesis,despite improved surgical techniques for isolating the peripheral facial nerve branches.Furthermore,it remains unclear whether long-term dysfunction of motor control can lead to irreversible plasticity-induced structural brain changes.This case-control study thus investigated the structural brain alterations associated with facial synkinesis.The study was conducted at Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,China.Twenty patients with facial synkinesis(2 male and 18 female,aged 33.35±6.97 years)and 19 healthy volunteers(2 male and 17 female,aged 33.21±6.75 years)underwent magnetic resonance imaging,and voxel-based and surface-based morphometry techniques were used to analyze data.There was no significant difference in brain volume between patients with facial synkinesis and healthy volunteers.Patients with facial synkinesis exhibited a significantly reduced cortical thickness in the contralateral superior and inferior temporal gyri and a reduced sulcal depth of the ipsilateral precuneus compared with healthy volunteers.In addition,sulcal depth of the ipsilateral precuneus was negatively correlated with the severity of depression.These findings suggest that there is a structural remodeling of gray matter in patients with facial synkinesis after facial nerve malfunction.This study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,China(approval No.2017-365-T267)on September 13,2017,and was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number:ChiCTR1800014630)on January 25,2018.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.81971595,81621003,81820108018,81801681 and 81801357)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2020YFS0118)the 1•3•5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence–Clinical Research Incubation Project,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Grant No.2020HXFH005).
文摘Background:Major depressive disorder(MDD)is associated with high risk of suicide,but the biological under-pinnings of suicidality in MDD patients are far from conclusive.Previous neuroimaging studies using voxel-based morphometry(VBM)demonstrated that depressed individuals with suicidal thoughts or behaviors exhibit specific cortical structure alterations.To complement VBM findings,surface-based morphometry(SBM)can pro-vide more details into gray matter structure,including the cortical complexity,cortical thickness and sulcal depth for brain images.Objective:This study aims to use SBM to investigate cortical morphology alterations to obtain evidence for neuroanatomical alterations in depressed patients with suicidality.Methods:Here,3D T1-weighted MR images of brain from 39 healthy controls,40 depressed patients without suicidality(patient controls),and 39 with suicidality(suicidal groups)were analyzed based on SBM to estimate the fractal dimension,gyrification index,sulcal depth,and cortical thickness using the Computational Anatomy Toolbox.Correlation analyses were performed between clinical data and cortical surface measurements from patients.Results:Surface-based morphometry showed decreased sulcal depth in the parietal,frontal,limbic,occipital and temporal regions and decreased fractal dimension in the frontal regions in depressed patients with sui-cidality compared to both healthy and patient controls.Additionally,in patients with depression,the sulcal depth of the left caudal anterior cingulate cortex was negatively correlated with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores.Conclusions:Depressed patients with suicidality had abnormal cortical morphology in some brain regions within the default mode network,frontolimbic circuitry and temporal regions.These structural deficits may be associated with the dysfunction of emotional processing and impulsivity control.This study provides insights into the underlying neurobiology of the suicidal brain.
