Effect of lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid on conservation characteristics,aerobic stability and in vitro gas production kinetics and digestibility of whole-crop corn based total mixed ration silage

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid on the fermentation quality, aer- obic stability and in vitro gas production kinetics and digestibility of whole-crop corn based totalmixed ration （TMR） silage. Total mixed ration was ensiled with four treatments： （1） no additives （control）; （2） an inoculant （Lactobacillus plantarum） （L）; （3） propionicacid （P）; （4） propionic acid＋lactic acid bacteria （PL）. All treatments were ensiled in laboratory-scale silos for 45 days, and then subjected to an aerobic stability test for12 days. Further, four TMR silages were incubated in vitro with buffered rumen fluid to study in vitro gas production kinetics and digestibility. The results indicated that all TMR silages had good fermentation characteristics with low pH （〈3.80） and ammonia nitrogen （NH3-N） contents, and high lactic acid contents as well as Flieg points. Addition of L further improved TMR silage quality with more lactic acid production. Addition of P and PL decreased lactic acid and NH3-N contents of TMR silage compared to the control （P〈0.05）. After 12 days aerobic exposure, P and PL silages remained stable, but L and the control silages deteriorated as indicated by a reduction in lactic acid and an increase in pH, and numbers of yeast. Compared to the control, addition of L had no effects on TMR silage in terms of 72 h cumulative gas production, in vitro dry matter digestibility, metabolizable energy, net energy for lactation and short chain fatty acids, whereas addition of PL significantly （P〈0.05） increased them. L silage had higher （P〈0.05） in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility than the control silage. The results of our study suggested that TMR silage prepared with whole-crop corn can be well preserved with or without additives. Furthermore, the findings of this study suggested that propionic acid is compatible with lactic acid bacteria inoculants, and when used together, although they reduced lactic acid production of TMR silage, they improved aerobic stability and in vitro nutrients digestibility of TMR silage.

Synthesis and thermal studies of mixed ligand complexes of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) with mercaptotriazoles and dehydroacetic acid

A series of new mixed ligand complexes of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II) and cadmium(II) have been synthesized with 3benzyl1H4[(2 methoxybenzylidine) amino]1, 2, 4triazole5 thione (MBT), 3bezyl1H4[(4chlorobenzylidine) amino]1, 2, 4triazole5thione (CBT), 3benzyl 1H4[(4nitrobenzylidine)amino]1, 2, 4triazole 5thione (NBT) and dehydroacetic acid sodium salt (Nadha). The mixed ligand complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, spec troscopic spectral measurements (IR, UVVis.), molar conductance, magnetic measurements and thermal studies. The stoichiometry of these com plexes is M:L1:L2 = 1:1:1, 1:2:1 or 1:1:2 where L1 = NBT, CBT and MBT and L2 = Nadha. Tetrahedral structure was proposed for all Cd(II) mixed ligand complexes while the square planar geometry was proposed for Cu(II) mixed ligand complex with NBT. Octahedral structure was proposed for Ni(II), Co(II) mixed ligand complexes and Cu(II) mixed ligand complexes with CBT and MBT ligands. The thermal decomposition study of the prepared complexes was monitored by TG, DTG and DTA analysis in dynamic nitrogen atmosphere. TG, DTG and DTA studies confirmed the chemical formulations of theses complexes. The kinetic parameters were determined from the the thermal decomposition data using the graphical methods of CoatsRedfern and HorwitzMetzger. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated using standard relations.

Preparation of anodic films on 2024 aluminum alloy in boric acid-containing mixed electrolyte

The anodizing oxidation process on 2024 aluminum alloy was researched in the mixed electrolyte with the composition of 30 g/L boric acid, 2 g/L sulfosalicylic acid and 8 g/L phosphate. The results reveal that the pre-treatment and the composition of the mixed electrolyte have influence on the properties of the films and the anodizing oxidation process. Under the condition of controlled potential, the anodizing oxidation current—time response curve displays "saddle" shape. First, the current density reaches a peak value of 8-20 A/dm2 and then decreases rapidly, finally maintains at 1-2 A/dm2. The film prepared in the mixed electrolyte is of porous-type with 20 nm in pore size and 500 μm-2 in porosity. Compared with the conventional anodic film obtained in sulfuric acid, the pore wall of the porous layer prepared in this work is not continuous, which seems to be deposited by small spherical grains. This porous structure of the anodic film may result from the characteristics of the mixed electrolyte and the special anodizing oxidation process. The surface analysis displays that the anodic film is amorphous and composed of O, Al, C, P, S, Si and no copper element is detected.

Syntheses,Structures and Properties of Lanthanide Coordination Polymers Constructed from Mixed Acid

Two new coordination polymers,[Ln（oba）（ox）0.5（H2O）2]n（Ln = Ho（1）,Eu（2）;H2oba = 4,4？-oxybis（benzoic acid）,H2ox = oxalic acid） have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions.According to single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses,complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system,space group P21/c with a = 13.783（2）,b =10.0120（15）,c = 12.1974（18） ,β = 105.217（2）°,V = 1624.2（4） 3,C15H12O9Ho,Mr = 501.18,Z = 4,Dc = 2.050 g/cm3,F（000） = 964,μ = 4.919 mm-1,λ（MoKα） = 0.71073 ？,GOOF = 1.124,the final R = 0.0239 and wR = 0.0570 for 3310 independent reflections with Rint = 0.0298.Complexes 2 and 1 are isostructural.Oba and ox ligands bridge the Ln（III） ions into 2D layers with（4,4） topology,which are further interlinked into a 3D supramolecular network by hydrogen bonds.TG curves of the two complexes are studied to examine their thermal stabilities.Additionally,complex 2 shows red fluorescence in the solid state at room temperature.

EFFECTS OF SIMVASTAIN COMBINED WITH OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ON HIGH SENSITIVE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, LIPIDEMIA, ANDFIBRINOLYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH MIXED DYSLIPIDEMIA

Objective To evaluate the effects of simvastatin combined with omega-3 fatty acids on high sensitive C-reactive protein(HsCRP), lipidemia, and fibrinolysis in coronary heart disease (CHD) and CHD risk equivalent patients with mixed dyslipi-demia. Methods A randomized, double-blind placebo controlled and parallel group trial was conducted. Patients with CHD and CHD risk equivalents with mixed dyslipidemia were treated with 10 or 20 mg simvastatin for 6-12 weeks. Following with the treatment of patients whose low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-ch) reaching goal level (< 100 mg/dL) or close to the goal (< 130 mg/dL), while triglyceride (TG) ≥200 mg/dL and < 500 mg/dL, was combined with omega-3 fatty acids (3 g/d) or a placebo for 2 months. The effects of the treatment on HsCRP, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-ch, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch), TG, lipoprotein (a) [LP (a)], apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), apolipoprotein B (apoB), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) were investigated. Forty patients finished the study with each group consisting of twenty patients. Results (1) There were significant reductions of HsCRP, TG, TC, and TC/HDL-ch, which decreased by 2.16 ±2.77 mg/L (38.5%), 94.0 ±65.4 mg/dL (31.1%), 13.3 ±22.3 mg/dL (6.3%), 0.78 ±1.60 respectively in the omega-3 fatty acids group (P< 0.01, < 0.001, < 0.05, < 0.05) compared to the baseline. HsCRP and triglyceride reduction were more significant in omega-3 fatty acids group compared to the placebo group (P=0.021 and 0.011 respectively). (2) In the omega-3 fatty acids group, the values and percentage of TG reduction had a significantly positive relation with HsCRP reduction (r=0.51 and 0.45, P=0.021 and 0.047 respectively). Conclusion In CHD and CHD risk equivalent patients with mixed dyslipidemia, dyslipidemia’s therapeutic effect using simvastatin and omega-3 fatty acids may result from not only the combination of lipid adjustment, but also enhancement of their own nonlipid influences.

Chemoselective Reduction of Fenofibric Acid to Alcohol in the Presence of Ketone by Mixed Anhydride and Sodium Borohydride

A highly efficient and facile protocol for the selective reduction of carboxylic acid of Fenofibric acid to corresponding alcohol was developed. The selective reduction was carried out by activation of carboxylic acid by mixed anhydride followed by the reaction of sodium borohydride in presence of methanol. This is the first example of chemoselective reduction of carboxylic acid to alcohol in presence of a ketone without any external catalyst or ligand in a single step. The reaction offers wide applicability for the selective carboxylic group reduction methodology. The chemoselective reduction was demonstrated by the reduction of Fenofibric acid, an active metabolite of the drug Fenofibrate, to corresponding alcohol in excellent selectivity, yield, and purity.

SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF MULTICOMPONENT IN MIXED ACIDS BY MATHEMATICAL METHOD

A new method for the determination of components in mixed acids has been developed.The mathematical model is obtained from samples of known composition and is then used to predict the concentrations of components in unknown sample.The practical utility of this method is demonstrated for simultaneous determination of two systems of ternary mixed acids and the results are satisfactory.

Syntheses of Coordination Compounds of 2-Amino-3-Methylbutanoic Acid Their Mixed Ligand Complexes and Antibacterial Activities

Coordination compounds of 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid were synthesized with chromium(III) and oxovanadium(IV) ions. M:L;1:2. Adducts of these complexes using 1,10-phenantroline and ethylenediamine were further synthesized, M:L, (1:2). These compounds were characterized using electronic, infra-red spectrophotometry, magnetic susceptibility measurement and percentage metal analyses. The zones of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentrations of the compounds against eight microbes were studied. The results obtained indicated an octahedral geometry for the Cr(III) complexes, indicative of additional coordination of two water molecules. On the other hand a square pyramid geometry was obtained for the binary oxovanadium complex and its 1,10-phenantroline adduct. However, for the oxovanadium ethylenediamine adduct a distorted octahedral geometry was proposed. The result for the antibacterial studies indicated that both mixed ligand complexes of 1,10-phenantroline exhibited good antibacterial activity, and in some cases better activity than the standard, streptomycin.

Study on Addition Amount of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Cellulase in Mixed Silage of Potato Plants

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the appropriate addition amounts of lactic acid bacteria and cellulase in the mixed silage of potato plants,so as to provide a basis for the rational use of potato plants.[Methods]Fresh potato(Solanum tuberosum)seedling plants,watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)plants,and melon(Cucumis melo)plants were selected as raw materials for silage,each of which was added at a ratio of 32%,and 4%of brown flour was added additionally.On this basis,an L 9(32)orthogonal experiment was designed to investigate the effects of the amount of lactic acid bacteria(10,20,30 g/kg)and the amount of cellulase(5,10,15 g/kg)on the experimental results with sensory evaluation score as an investigation index.[Results]With the increase of the amount of lactic acid bacteria and the amount of cellulase,the sensory evaluation score of silage increased,and it was the highest when the amount of lactic acid bacteria added was 20 g/kg and the amount of cellulose was 10 g/kg.With the increase of the amounts of lactic acid bacteria and cellulase added,ammonia nitrogen showed a decreasing trend,and the pH and ammonia nitrogen were the lowest when the amount of lactic acid bacteria added was 20 g/kg and the amount of cellulose was 10 g/kg.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of effective ingredients and nutrients in potato plants and the development of new feed resources.

Sulphuric Acid Bake-Leach Process for the Treatment of Mixed Copper-Cobalt Oxide Ores

A sulphuric acid bake–leach method for the treatment of mixed copper-cobalt oxide minerals was investigated as an alternative to the reductive leaching method. Sulphuric acid bake-leach process of the mixed copper-cobalt oxide ore was carried out by mixing the sample with sulphuric acid followed by baking of the mixture in a muffle furnace. Baking tests were conducted at different conditions such as temperature, time, and varying amounts of acid. The reacted samples were then subjected to water leaching at room temperature to determine the leachability of copper and cobalt from the baked material. The dissolutions of copper and cobalt were dependent on acid concentration with cobalt showing more sensitivity to the amount of acid. Both copper and cobalt were extracted from the baked material within short leaching times and without the addition of reducing agents. The outcome of this work has shown that the sulphuric acid bake-leach process is a possible alternative to the reductive leaching method for copper-cobalt oxide ores.

Simplex - Centroid Mixture Design Applied to theAqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Fatty Acid - BalancedOil from Mixed Seeds

A one-step method was developed to extract oil from a mixture of soybeans,peanuts,linseeds,and tea seeds using an aqueous enzymatic method.The proportion of the four seeds was targeted in accordance with a fatty acid ratio of 0.27(SFA,saturated fatty acid(s))∶1(MUFA,monounsaturated fatty acid(s))∶1(PUFA,polyunsaturated fatty acid(s)),and the oil extraction yield was maximized by applying the simplex-centroid mixture design method.Three models were developed for describing the relationship between the proportion of the individual seeds in the mixture,the fatty acid ratio in the extracted oil,and the oil extraction yield,respectively.The developed models were then analyzed using an ANOVA and were found to fit the data quite well,with R2 values of 0.98,0.93,and 0.93,respectively.The three models were validated experimentally.The results indicated that the ratio of fatty acids in the oil ranged between 0.98 and 1.12(MUFA∶PUFA)and between 0.26 and 0.28(SFA∶MUFA),which were quite close to the target values of 1 and 0.27,respectively.The oil extraction yield of 62.13%was slightly higher than the predicted value(60.32%).

Solid-Liquid Equilibria of Succinic Acid in Cyclohexanone,Cyclohexanol and Their Mixed Solvents

Solubilities were measured for succinic acid dissolved in cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol and 5 of their mixed solvents at the temperature range from 291.85 K to 358.37 K using a dynamic method. The solubility data were regressed by λh equation, with the average absolute relative deviation 3.47%. The binary interaction parameter is 0.306 7 for the mixed solvent of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol was determined by correlating the experimental solubilities with the modified λh equation. When the binary interaction parameter was determined, it can be used to extrapolate the solubilities of succinic acid in mixed solvents of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol at any proportion. The average absolute relative deviation was 7.69% by using the modified λh equation to correlate the solubility data, however, the average absolute relative deviation was 8.89% by using NRTL equation to correlate the solubility data. The results show that the accuracy of the modified λh equation is better than that of the NRTL equation for the solubility of succinic acid in the 5 mixed solvents of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol.

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and fibrolytic enzyme on the fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility of total mixed rations silage including rape straw

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of a lactic acid bacteria inoculant（Lactobacillus plantarum, LP）, fibrolytic enzyme（EN）, combination of LP and EN（LP＋EN） on fermentation quality, nutritive characteristics and in vitro digestibility of total mixed ration（TMR） silages containing 0, 7.5 and 15.0%（on dry matter basis） of rape（Brassica campestris L.） straw（RS）（denoted as CTMR, LTMR and MTMR, respectively）. After ensiling for 60 days, TMR silages without additives were well preserved, but MTMR had higher p H than CTMR and LTMR. There were no differences in other parameters of fermentation quality, microbial composition, nutrition and in vitro digestibility between CTMR and LTMR except for yeast and mold number and crude protein（CP） content. CTMR and LTMR silage had higher CP content, in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility（IVNDFD） and in vitro acid detergent fiber digestibility（IVADFD）, lower acid detergent fiber（ADF） content than MTMR silage. LP and EN decreased p H and increased dry matter（DM） recovery of TMR silages. LP＋EN improved the fermentation quality, nutritive characteristics and in vitro digestibility of TMR silages, showed by lower p H, ADF content, higher lactic acid content, in vitro dry matter digestibility（IVDMD） and IVNDFD. Therefore, It was suggested that TMR silage contained 7.5% RS on a DM basis and treated with LP＋EN can be as a useful feed for ruminant.

Selective Oxidation of Isobutene over CsFeCoBiMnMoO_x Mixed Oxide Catalyst

Mixed oxide catalyst Cs0.1Fe2Co6BiMnMo12Ox was prepared by the coprecipitation method. Selective oxidation of isobutene was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor over Cs0.1Fe2Co6BiMnMo12Ox. The results showed that the catalyst had high catalytic activity. Under the optimum reaction conditions (n(i-C4=):n(O2)=1:2-1:4, space velocity=180 h-1, T=360℃), the yields of methacrolein and methacrylic acid can reach 80% and 8%, respectively. The total yield of liquid products (methacrolein, methacrylic acid and acetic acid) can reach about 90%.

Effect of Mixed Solvents and Additives on the Habit Modification of 6-APA Crystals

6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) crystals obtained under different physical and chemical conditions of the solutions may present different habits. The habits of diamond-shaped plates are desirable compared with other habits of 6-APA crystals. To obtain ideal 6-APA crystals, the effects of the mixed solvents and additives on 6-APA crystal habits were investigated. Ethanol or acetone was used as the organic solvent, and impurities existing in the 6-APA purification process were used as the additives. 6-APA growth habits were changed when the concentrations of ethanol, acetone or phenyl acetic acid were increased to exceed their critical concentration. The observed results show that the dominant face on 6-APA crystals was identified to be {020}, but the overall habit was controlled by the relative growth rates of the {101} and {002} faces. Crystal growth rates and habits can be appreciably changed by specific adsorption of additives on crystal faces.In some cases solvent molecules can act in a similar way and may be regarded as bulk additives. The effects of additives and organic solvents on 6-APA crystal habits were the results of adsorption effect, which fitted the experimental results quite well.

Catalytic Synthesis of Methylene Diphenyl Dicarbamate in AcOH/H_2O Mixed Solvent

In a mixed solvent of acetic acid（AcOH）/water, methylene diphenyl dicarbamate（MDC） was synthesized by the condensation of methyl phenyl carbamate（MPC） and formaldehyde in the presence of an inorganic acid catalyst. Based on the different solubilities to MPC and MDC, the mixed solvent showed higher catalytic performance than pure water. The mixed solvent not only promoted the condensation of MPC but aslo exhibited the advantage of the product separation with the reactants. Under the optimized conditions： a H2SO4 mass fraction of 31%, a reaction temperature of 95 ℃ and reaction time of 3.5 h, the yield of MDC reached 74.3%. In addition, the recycle of the solvent was also investigated.

Bioleaching of a kind of alkaline mixed copper oxide and sulphide mineral

We conducted two-stage acidification-bioleaching experiments to probe the feasibility of bioleaching for a kind of mixed alkaline copper oxide and sulphide mineral. We used the uniform design method for data analysis and experimental optimization, with initial pH value, pulp density, inoculation of bacteria and ferrous iron concentration selected as the influential factors. Polynomial regression shows that the four factors sequentially influence the copper recovery by 14.430%, 8.555%, 1.982% and 3.895%. Acid equilibrium in the bioleaching system is mainly influenced by alkaline gangue content, chemical reactions and bacterial activity. A maximal portion of refractory copper extracted reaches 71.08%. The dynamic analysis of copper recovery indicates that bioleaching goes through a lag leaching phase, prime leaching phase and leaching stationary phase corresponding to the growth phases of bacteria. Compared with the predicted value of 80.87%, the confirmatory experiment observes a 78.21% copper recovery under the optimal conditions of pH of 1.5, pulp density of 5%, bacteria inoculation of 30% and initial ferrous iron concentration of 9 g L-1. Results suggest that bioleaching is technically feasible to improving total copper recovery.

Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Mixed Ligand (HL) Complexes Mn(ll), Co(ll), Ni(ll), Zn(ll), Cd(ll) and Hg(ll) with Azide (N₃<sup style="margin-left:-6px;">-</sup>)

The complexes of mixed ligand (HL) as primary ligand with azide ion (N3-) as co-ligand with Mn(ll), Co(ll), Ni(ll), Zn(ll), Cd(ll) and Hg(ll) were prepared via reaction metal (ll) chloride salt with ligand (HL) and sodium azide (NaN3) using 1:2:2 mole ratio in ethanol solvent, respectively. The complexes of mixed ligand (HL) were characterized by elemental microanalysis (C.H.N), atomic absorption chloride content, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, melting point, FTIR and UV-Vis spectral data. The anti bacterial activity with four kinds of bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aureus was studied.

非诺贝特酸降脂疗效和安全性评价--一项中国区随机、双盲、安慰剂对照临床研究

目的:验证非诺贝特酸在中国人群中的降脂疗效和安全性。方法:采用多中心双盲随机对照试验设计,将不同类型的高脂血症患者分为重度、中度高甘油三酯血症(HTG)及混合型血脂异常(MD)3个队列,1:1随机化将不同队列患者分为非诺贝特酸组与安慰剂组,分别给予非诺贝特酸(135mg,每天1次)或安慰剂治疗12周,主要终点为甘油三酯(TG)从基线至治疗12周时的变化百分比,次要终点为其他血脂成分和高敏C反应蛋白的变化百分比,同时记录不良事件的发生情况。结果:重度(n=52)、中度(n=23)HTG和MD(n=52)三个队列患者中,非诺贝特酸组的TG水平从基线至治疗12周分别降低(49.12±29.19)%、(47.95±25.19)%和(49.79±19.28)%,安慰剂组分别降低(18.88±40.69)%、(8.11±29.86)%和升高了(10.42±73.04)%,非诺贝特酸组TG降低幅度与安慰剂组相比差异均有统计学意义(重度HTG队列P<0.017,中度HTG和MD队列P均<0.05)。非诺贝特酸组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)升高(25.51±21.45)%、(24.55±24.73)%和(23.60±27.38)%,安慰剂组升高(1.91±20.42)%、(2.40±9.32)%和(7.13±19.12)%,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。非诺贝特酸组发生率>5%的不良事件包括上呼吸道感染(10.9%)、腹痛(6.3%)及血肌酐水平升高(6.3%),与安慰剂组比较发生率差异无统计学意义。结论:对于中国重度、中度HTG患者或已接受他汀类药物治疗的MD患者,非诺贝特酸可显著降低TG水平,并升高HDL-C水平,不良事件发生率与服用安慰剂相似。

在红枣汁中乳酸菌、酵母菌单一及偶联发酵特征物质差异分析

该试验以红枣为原料,研究乳酸菌、酵母菌单一及偶联发酵对枣汁总糖、总酸、总酚、黄酮和酒精含量的影响,使用液相色谱-质谱联用(Liquid Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer,LC-MS)技术进行游离型酚酸差异分析,气相色谱-离子迁移谱联用(Gas Chromatography-Ion Migration Spectrum,GC-IMS)技术进行挥发性有机物差异分析。结果表明,原枣汁无论是单一菌种发酵还是混合菌种发酵,总糖、黄酮含量降低,总酸、总酚含量、酒精度均增加,反式阿魏酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、氢化肉桂酸、香草酸、苯甲酸、丁香酸增加;酵母菌发酵枣汁总酚、黄酮、酒精度、苯丙氨酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、丁香酸、芥子酸含量均高于乳酸菌发酵枣汁,总酸含量低于乳酸菌发酵枣汁;经混菌偶联发酵,糖类物质降解效率、产酸效率、总酚生成率、黄酮留存率以及产酒精效率更高;游离型酚酸反式阿魏酸、反式肉桂酸、香草酸、没食子酸、对香豆酸、苯甲酸、原儿茶酸、咖啡酸、丁香酸较单菌发酵样品高;挥发性成分53种,包括11种醇类化合物、9种酯类化合物、8种酮类化合物、8种醛类化合物、2种酸类化合物、2种吡嗪吡嗪类化合物,混菌发酵样品中风味物质酯类、醇类、醛类分别占17.2%、58.2%、和1.3%,酯类和醛类显著高于乳酸菌发酵样品、酵母菌发酵样品及原枣汁,香味浓烈,因此采用酵母菌、乳酸菌混合发酵,可以有效地增强发酵枣汁的品质,丰富口感,该研究为推动混菌发酵在红枣酵素发酵生产行业的应用,提供相应的理论基础和科学实践依据。