Design and Implementation of Dynamic High-Speed Switches in Super Base Station Architectures

Novel centralized base station architectures integrating computation and communication functionalities have become important for the development of future mobile communication networks.Therefore,the development of dynamic high-speed interconnections between baseband units(BBUs)and remote radio heads(RRHs)is vital in centralized base station design.Herein,dynamic high-speed switches(HSSs)connecting BBUs and RRHs were designed for a centralized base station architecture.We analyzed the characteristics of actual traffic and introduced a switch traffic model suitable for the super base station architecture.Then,we proposed a data-priority-aware(DPA)scheduling algorithm based on the traffic model.Lastly,we developed the dynamic HSS model based on the OPNET platform and the prototype based on FPGA.Our results show that the DPA achieves close to 100%throughput with lower latency and provides better run-time complexity than iOCF and HE-iSLIP,thereby demonstrating that the proposed switch system can be adopted in centralized base station architectures.

Inner and outer pressure forming of nickel based super-alloy thin-walled part with variable diameter sections

A novel forming method of nickel based super-alloy thin-walled part with variable diameter sections was proposed by using inner and outer pressure with the visco-elasto-plastic pressure-carrying medium at room temperature,and the principle of the method was provided.Experiments and FE simulations were carried out to analyze the deformation characteristics for the part with larger variable diameter ratio(35%).The results show that visco-elasto-plastic pressure-carrying medium can meet the requirements of the room-temperature deformation condition for nickel based super-alloy sheet.The inner and outer pressure forming with the visco-elasto-plastic pressure-carrying medium can meet the requirements of dimensional accuracy for the thin-walled part with variable diameter sections.The thinning of wall-thickness is less than 4%.This method provides a new approach for near-net shape forming of nickel based super-alloy thin-walled parts with variable diameter sections.

Experimental Study on Machining Shape Hole of Ni-based Super-heat-resistant Alloy

Inconel 718 and Waspaloy, Nickel-based super-heat-resistant alloy, are high-strength, thermal-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy that are widely used in parts of gas turbines and airplane engines. Due to their extremely tough and thermal-resistant nature, they are well known as materials that are difficult to cut. Shape holes on a disc of an aircraft engine, made of Ni-based super-heat-resistant alloy, are required with good surface integrity and geometric accuracy. This kind of shape hole is produced by EDM (Electro-discharge machining) currently. It is necessary to investigate an alternative machining process to reduce the process time and improve the surface quality. This paper presents an experimental study on the machining methods for the shape hole of Ni-base super-heat-resistant alloy Inconel 718 and Waspaloy. The feasibility using milling or/and grinding as an alternative for currently EDM process to machine shape holes is assessed by observing the wear and breakage of the cutting tools and grinder and analyzing the hole surface integrity and geometric accuracy. The results show that the milling process of Inconel 718 and Waspaloy can produce shape holes with acceptable surface roughness and geometric accuracy efficiently. The machined Waspaloy shape holes reveal a slight decrease tendency in section dimension from the top of the its bottom. There is a larger deviation from the nominal profile at the segment with smaller radius. A thin softened surface layer with thickness smaller than 60 μm occurs on the machined Waspaloy shape holes. The softening and work hardening become remarkable with the progress of tool wear.

Double oxide film defects in Ni-based super-alloy castings

A new class of defects has been recently discovered,which are regarded double oxide film defects.In this study, a number of Ni-based vacuum-cast test bars were investigated. The fractures in the broken test barswere observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), as well asWavelength Dispersive Spectroscopy (WDS) were used to characterize the chemical elements of the fracture'ssurface. Observation by SEM revealed the presence of inclusions identified as films that appeared to have initiatedthe growth of carbides. This study has added to the evidence that oxide film defects do exist in Ni-based super-alloyin certain vacuum casting conditions. It provides a reference for researchers' further study on the defects, andprovides a possible direction for researchers to improve casting technology so as to remove these defects.

A New Rational-based Optimal Design Strategy of Ship Structure Based on Multi-level Analysis and Super-element Modeling Method

A new multi-level analysis method of introducing the super-element modeling method, derived from the multi-level analysis method first proposed by O. F. Hughes, has been proposed in this paper to solve the problem of high time cost in adopting a rational-based optimal design method for ship structural design. Furthermore,the method was verified by its effective application in optimization of the mid-ship section of a container ship. A full 3-D FEM model of a ship,suffering static and quasi-static loads, was used as the analyzing object for evaluating the structural performance of the mid-ship module, including static strength and buckling performance. Research results reveal that this new method could substantially reduce the computational cost of the rational-based optimization problem without decreasing its accuracy, which increases the feasibility and economic efficiency of using a rational-based optimal design method in ship structural design.

丝绸之路经济带能源生态效率测度及影响因素

党的十八大以来,生态文明建设被提升到前所未有的战略高度,能源生态效率研究也备受关注。丝绸之路经济带作为我国重要的能源基地和对外开放新前沿,对我国经济发展具有重要意义。基于丝绸之路经济带沿线省份2006—2019年数据,运用Super-SBM和ML指数对能源生态效率分别进行静态和动态测度,并运用Tobit模型对其影响因素进行研究。实证结果显示:丝绸之路经济带能源生态效率未达到有效水平,在趋势上有所下降;人口规模、产业结构、科学技术水平对能源生态效率具有积极的推动作用;而能源消费结构和对外开放水平则起到了抑制作用。据此,提出促进产业结构优化升级、大力发展清洁能源、调整进出口商品结构、完善创新驱动发展战略等建议。

考虑投入产出的常规公交调度绩效回溯性动态评价

实时调度因其灵活性在公交运营组织中发挥着重要决策作用。现行调度(员)绩效评价虽然能够考核行车计划执行情况,却忽略了在乘客体验和企业投入产出层面对调度效果考查,也不支持回溯过往调度实施效果。为使调度员能够精准提升调度技能和绩效、解决调度决策滞后造成的运能浪费等问题并提高乘客满意度,从投入产出及回溯性动态评价2个维度提出基于三阶段Super-SBM(super-efficiency slack-based measurement)模型的常规公交调度绩效评价方法,考虑路况及客流对调度效果的影响,在现行指标基础上从乘客角度增加运营速度、候车时间变化率及满载率标准差3项产出指标,构建评价体系。对2条上海公交线路的实际调度进行回溯性评价,验证了本文评价方法能准确区分调度效果差异。结果表明,高峰时段灵活的调度策略比在平峰能产生更明显的效益,且调度策略在不同时空场景呈现差异化适用性。通过回溯分析历史调度记录的绩效,一方面可以针对各场景为调度员提供调度决策支持,另一方面可为基于机器学习的公交实时调度策略生成技术挑选合适的学习样本,从而提升常规公交运营组织效率。

基于数据包络分析的中国污染地块治理绩效评价研究

中国高速的城市化进程产生了大量工业企业搬迁,造成众多污染地块需要治理。中国为治理污染地块耗资巨大,但缺乏相关的绩效评价。筛选了40个典型污染地块治理工程(涉及全国33个区县)进行绩效评价并探究了污染地块治理绩效的影响因素。结果表明:(1)山东省、河北省及湖南省中南部地区的污染地块治理绩效较高,重庆市、湖南省等华中地区及东南沿海地区零星有一些污染地块治理绩效相对较低。(2)地块尺度,资金投入不足、时间投入过短、人员投入过少是影响污染地块治理绩效的重要因素,期望产出方面也仍有很大提升空间,非期望产出方面需要进一步控制污染排放。(3)区县尺度,污染地块治理绩效主要与工业增加值占国内生产总值比例和年末总人口呈显著(p<0.05)正相关,说明经济和人口是主要影响因素。

城镇化推进模式与我国农业低碳全要素生产率——来自双源夜间灯光证据

本文利用卫星监测的数据构造夜间灯光复合指数表征城镇化水平,运用Superefficiency Ray Slacks-Based Measure(Super-RSBM)模型和Global Malmquist-Luenberger(GML)指数测算2000—2021年我国农业低碳全要素生产率(TFP),实证检验城镇化对我国农业低碳TFP的影响及其作用机制,并考察紧凑集约型和规模扩张型两种城镇化推进模式对农业低碳TFP的异质性影响。研究发现,从全国来看,城镇化推进与农业低碳TFP之间具有显著的U型关系,且邻近地区农业低碳TFP的提升对本地区产生示范效应;分区域来看,这种U型关系主要体现在农业适度发展区,而农业优化发展区的城镇化与农业低碳TFP之间呈现显著的正向线性关系,表明农业优化发展区应发挥“领头羊”作用,带动适度发展区早日跨越U型曲线的拐点,实现城镇化带动农业绿色发展;紧凑集约型的城镇化深度推进模式能够显著提升农业低碳TFP,而规模扩张型的城镇化广度推进模式降低了农业低碳TFP;农业低碳技术进步、农村劳动力转移、规模效应、农业产业链延伸和农村居民可支配收入增加是城镇化影响农业低碳TFP的主要途径。

干磨砂布和砂纸用水性超涂层浆料的研制

介绍了一种新的水性涂附磨具砂布和砂纸超涂层浆料的制作技术。结果表明,这种浆料比溶剂型浆料更环保、更高效,浆料质量稳定,保质期长,使用后砂布、砂纸产品比使用传统溶剂型涂层更耐磨、更防堵。

基于Super SAB神经网络算法的主变压器故障诊断模型

人工神经网络(ANN)由于其高度的非线性映射能力在电力系统模式识别及非线性优化领域有着广泛深入的应用研究。本文将Super SAB神经网络算法应用于主变压器溶解气体故障诊断(DGA),通过与带动量因子的标准BP算法、Bold Driver算法比较,验证Super SAB算法在故障模式识别中具有更好的学习效率与泛化能力,故障诊断的准确度高于传统分析方法,表明其在变电设备状态诊断中具有良好的应用前景。

资源型城市生态效率时空演变及影响因素研究——以黑龙江省为例

基于黑龙江省13个地级市2011—2020年的面板数据,利用超效率SBM模型,结合Malmquist指数、空间自相关模型揭示其时空演变特征,利用面板回归模型探寻关键影响因素。结果表明:(1)基于时间测度生态效率整体呈增加趋势,但仍有较大发展空间。不同区域生态效率差异较大,煤炭资源型城市生态效率上升趋势较为显著。(2)生态效率空间格局由集聚向随机分布演变,处于高—低集聚和低—高集聚的“非典型”区域占比提高,经济关联性逐渐减弱。(3)工业发展水平、产业结构升级、技术水平和对外开放对生态效率产生显著负向影响,环境规制对生态效率产生显著正向影响。基于实证研究结果,提出提升黑龙江省生态效率的对策建议。

智能顶升模架系统技术应用

百层超高层建筑的关键线路为塔楼核心筒,某塔楼核心筒竖向结构采用低位少支点智能顶升模架系统进行施工,具有长行程、承载力大、安全性高、适用性强、自动化程度高等特点,设计阶段结合塔楼核心筒结构体系变化特点进行综合设计,在施工过程中减少了高空改的难度和工程量,有效解决了核心筒墙体结构复杂、构造变化多、模板支设拆改困难的问题,更能保证塔楼核心筒竖向结构的高效施工。

Crucial technologies in the design of Xiluodu Super High Arch Dam

Some super high arch dams (SHADs),like Xiluodu Arch Dam,after their heights reaching the magnitude of 300 m,confront lots of technical challenges in design and construction.Several crucial technologies of 6 SHADs will be reviewed and discussed in this and consecutive papers,including Xiluodu,Jinping I in China,Baktiary in Iran,etc.,on the topics of the research method,criterion for evaluation and engineering application of dam safety analysis and evaluation,reasonable dam base interface,dam shape optimization,comprehensive treatments of complex foundation,anti-seismic engineering,dam construction material,concrete placement and temperature control,instrumentation and monitoring of dam operation,etc.This paper will mainly focus on the overall safety of SHADs,reasonable dam base interface analysis and evaluation and their engineering application.

Electrochemical properties of TiV-based hydrogen storage alloys

The electrochemical properties of the super-stoichiometric TiV-based hydrogen storage electrode alloys(Ti 0.8Zr 0.2)(V 0.533Mn 0.107Cr 0.16Ni 0.2) x(x=2, 3, 4, 5, 6) were studied. It is found by XRD analysis that all the alloys mainly consist of a C14 Laves phase with hexagonal structure and a V-based solid solution phase with BCC structure. The lattice parameters and the unit cell volumes of the two phases decrease with increasing x. The cycle life, the linear polarization, the anode polarization and the electrochemical impedance spectra of the alloy electrodes were investigated systematically. The overall electrochemical properties of the alloy electrode are found improved greatly as the result of super-stoichiometry and get to the best when x=5.

Super Efficiency and Misallocation: Evidence from Vietnamese Electric-Computer Industry

Misallocation means that the source is not distributed efficiently. This leads to an important question of how the relationship between misallocation and efficiency is (see [1]). The purpose of this study is to address the empirical relationship between misallocation and efficiency in the electric and computer industry in Vietnam during the 2005-2015 periods. To do this, we built a model that allowed us to evaluate the impact of misallocation and other factors on efficiency. The slack-based measured efficiency (SBM) model (Tone [2]), and the super-efficient model (Tone [3]) are used to estimate the firms’ efficiency. The approach of Hsieh and Klenow [4] is used to measure misallocation in the study area. Estimated results of the model about the relationship between misallocation and efficiency show that the variable representing the misallocation has a negative sign and statistical significance in all models. In other words, the misallocation negatively affects efficiency. The bigger the misallocation, the lower the efficiency.

循证护理在点式直线偏振光疼痛治疗仪治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病中的应用

目的探讨循证护理在点式直线偏振光疼痛治疗仪治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病中的应用效果。方法将112例颞下颌关节紊乱病患者按简单随机分组法分为观察组、对照组,各56例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上给予循证护理,观察1个月。比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后疼痛程度、咬肌表面肌电图指标、生活质量。结果观察组总有效率为87.50%,对照组为71.43%,观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组关节区、肌肉区疼痛评分均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后两组咬肌表面肌电图的紧咬棉棒5 s、牙尖交错位最大自主紧咬和下颌姿势位测试结果均显著优于治疗前(P<0.01),观察组显著优于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后两组世界卫生组织生存质量简明量表总分及社会关系领域、心理领域、环境领域、生理领域评分均较治疗前显著升高(P<0.01),观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论在点式直线偏振光疼痛治疗仪治疗中,对颞下颌关节紊乱病患者予以循证护理,能提高临床疗效,改善患者表面肌电图,减轻患者疼痛,提高其生活质量,值得在临床推广应用。

SUPER-THIN COATING MATERIAL FOR HIGH-GRADE HIGHWAY

The road surface of cement concrete in highway is easily cracked and even destroyed due to inhomogeneous subsiding of the road foundation. In this work, a super-thin-coating material is prepared in order to repair the destroyed thin road surface, in which polymers and steel-fiber are added into ordinary concrete to form a steel fiber reinforced polymer-cement-based composite, the composite was successfully used to repair road surface. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites are measured and analyzed.

工程导向固体超滑(超低摩擦)研究进展

实现“零”摩擦磨损是润滑的终极目标,是保障机械系统高精度、高可靠、长寿命稳定运行和促进节能减排的关键之一.超滑,工程上称之为“超低摩擦”,从理论模拟计算开始,人们对超滑的认识和理解日益加深,但工程导向的固体超滑实现是极具挑战的技术问题.目前能够实现工程尺度固体超滑的材料候选者主要有有序二维材料和碳薄膜.本文作者从原理、试验到工程应用分别综述了这些材料的研究发展现状,并总结了工程导向超滑存在的问题,并对其未来的发展方向做出展望.

基于超像素的硅基OLED微显示器数字驱动成像质量研究

针对微显示器分辨率、刷新率低,显示运动画面时产生动态假轮廓等成像问题,通过分析超像素技术的特性及驱动原理,结合数字驱动方式,提出数字驱动型超像素扫描策略。利用人眼的积分特性和视觉暂留特性,通过帧与帧之间在时间上切换,空间上偏移的方式,降低数据传输带宽,改善动态假轮廓现象,提升显示器成像效果。结合超像素技术设计一款数字驱动型超像素微显示控制器,并在分辨率为2048×2048的全彩硅基OLED微显示器上验证其可行性。仿真分析结果表明,基于超像素的数字驱动扫描策略在分辨率主观感知不变的条件下,数据传输带宽减少50%。利用最小可察觉失真积分法进行评估,超像素扫描策略动态假轮廓等于0和不超过8灰度的概率分别约为93.3%和99.3%,成像质量有较大提升。