Dynamic response characteristics of super high-rise buildings subjected to long-period ground motions

Spectrum characteristics of different types of seismic waves and dynamic response characteristics of super high-rise building structures under long-period ground motions were comparatively analyzed. First, the ground response wave （named LS-R wave） of a soft soil site with deep deposit, taking long-period bedrock seismic record as input, was calculated by wave propagation method. After that, a TOMAKOMAI station long-period seismic record from the Tokachi-Oki earthquake and conventional E1-Centro wave were also chosen. Spectrum characteristics of these waves were analyzed and compared. Then, a series of shaking table tests were performed on a 1：50 scale super high-rise structural model under these seismic waves. Furthermore, numerical simulation of the prototype structure under these excitations was conducted, and structure damages under different intensive ground motions were discussed. The results show that： 1） Spectrum characteristics of ground response wave are significantly influenced by soft soil site with deep deposit, and the predominant period has an increasing trend. 2） The maximum acceleration amplification factor of the structure under the TOM wave is two times that under the E1-Centro wave; while the maximum displacement response of the structure under the TOM wave is 4.4 times that under the E1-Centro wave. Long-period ground motions show greater influences on displacement responses than acceleration responses for super high-rise building structures. 3） Most inelastic damage occurs at the upper 1/3 part of the super high-rise building when subjected to long-period ground motions.

Effects of high modes on the wind-induced response of super high-rise buildings

For super high-rise buildings, the vibration period of the basic mode is several seconds, and it is very close to the period of the fluctuating wind. The damping of super high-rise buildings is low, so super high-rise buildings are very sensitive to fluctuating wind. The wind load is one of the key loads in the design of super high-rise buildings. It is known that only the basic mode is needed in the wind-response analysis of tall buildings. However, for super high-rise buildings, especially for the acceleration response, because of the frequency amplification of the high modes, the high modes and the mode coupling may need to be considered. Three typical super high-rise projects with the SMPSS in wind tunnel tests and the random vibration theory method were used to analyze the effect of high modes on the wind-induced response. The conclusions can be drawn as follows. First, for the displacement response, the basic mode is dominant, and the high modes can be neglected. Second, for the acceleration response, the high modes and the mode coupling should be considered. Lastly, the strain energy of modes can only give the vibration energy distribution of the high-rise building, and it cannot describe the local wind-induced vibration of high-rise buildings, especially for the top acceleration response.

Design and Implementation of Dynamic High-Speed Switches in Super Base Station Architectures

Novel centralized base station architectures integrating computation and communication functionalities have become important for the development of future mobile communication networks.Therefore,the development of dynamic high-speed interconnections between baseband units(BBUs)and remote radio heads(RRHs)is vital in centralized base station design.Herein,dynamic high-speed switches(HSSs)connecting BBUs and RRHs were designed for a centralized base station architecture.We analyzed the characteristics of actual traffic and introduced a switch traffic model suitable for the super base station architecture.Then,we proposed a data-priority-aware(DPA)scheduling algorithm based on the traffic model.Lastly,we developed the dynamic HSS model based on the OPNET platform and the prototype based on FPGA.Our results show that the DPA achieves close to 100%throughput with lower latency and provides better run-time complexity than iOCF and HE-iSLIP,thereby demonstrating that the proposed switch system can be adopted in centralized base station architectures.

Ripple-effect analysis for operational architecture of air defense systems with supernetwork modeling

In order to solve the problem that the ripple-effect analy- sis for the operational architecture of air defense systems （OAADS） is hardly described in quantity with previous modeling approaches, a supernetwork modeling approach for the OAADS is put for- ward by extending granular computing. Based on that operational units and links are equal to different information granularities, the supernetwork framework of the OAADS is constructed as a “four- network within two-layer” structure by forming dynamic operating coalitions, and measuring indexes of the ripple-effect analysis for the OAADS are given combining with Laplace spectral radius. In this framework, via analyzing multidimensional attributes which inherit relations between operational units in different granular scales, an extended granular computing is put forward integrating with a topological structure. Then the operation process within the supernetwork framework, including transformation relations be- tween two layers in the vertical view and mapping relations among functional networks in the horizontal view, is studied in quantity. As the application case shows, comparing with previous modeling approaches, the supernetwork model can validate and analyze the operation mechanism in the air defense architecture, and the ripple-effect analysis can be used to confirm the key operational unit with micro and macro viewpoints.

Discussion on the Construction of Anti-smoke Construction Technology in Super High-rise Buildings

In recent years with the increasing number of super high-rise buildings and the ever-expanding scale the anti-smoke construction technology has attracted more and more attention.Based on this situation,this paper analyzes the smoke control technology of super high-rise buildings.The paper analyzes the importance of the application of anti-smoke construction technology in super high-rise buildings,analyzes the problems in the construction of smoke control and super high-rise buildings.The anti-smoke construction technology was studied and I hope that it can benefit the application of anti-smoke construction technology in high-rise buildings.

适用植物根系生长观察的半固态凝胶配方筛选

【目的】植物根系是植物吸收土壤水分和养分的重要器官,研究植物根系有助于了解植物根系与地上部相互作用以及植物对环境变化的响应机制。本研究分析高分子吸水树脂(SAP)和卡波姆U20(U20)单配和复配的稳定性和植物生长安全性,尝试建立植物根系生长观察的半固态凝胶开放培养方法。【方法】借助根箱试验,以草本植物黑叶芋(Alocasia longiloba)和灌木鹅掌藤(Schefflera actinopylla)为试验对象,基于营养液和SAP与U20复配半凝胶配方,分析1/4 Hoagland’s营养液(CK)、0.3%SAP凝胶营养液(T1)、0.5%U20凝胶营养液(T2)、0.4%U20+0.3%SAP凝胶营养液(T3)和0.5%U20+0.2%SAP凝胶营养液(T4)的稳定性以及在这些培养介质中植物生长、叶片叶绿素、根系形态变化和养分吸收差异。【结果】放置5周后,各处理培养介质均没有观察霉变和长菌现象,T1、T2和T3出现水化或絮凝分层,T4与CK一样性质稳定且澄清透明。动态观察叶片叶绿素变化发现,同一时间内,鹅掌藤各处理SPAD值和总叶绿素含量均与CK无显著差异,黑叶芋各处理SPAD值也均与CK无显著差异(P>0.05)。与CK相比,T1和T2均对鹅掌藤和黑叶芋根系生长产生抑制作用,T1和T2处理鹅掌藤总根长分别显著降低了51.59%和47.48%(P<0.05),根表面积分别显著降低了30.59%和32.27%(P<0.05);黑叶芋总根长分别显著降低了44.72%和45.86%(P<0.05),根表面积分别显著降低了29.23%和27.75%(P<0.05)。T1和T2处理的鹅掌藤和黑叶芋的生物量累积以及氮磷钾吸收也显著低于CK。T3和T4中两种植物的总根长、根表面积、氮磷钾吸收和生物量累积均与CK无显著差异(P>0.05);与CK中根系多下垂于营养液不同,T4中根系舒展自然,侧根和细根均呈一定角度展开在半固态凝胶中,较好的模拟了根系在土壤介质的生长状态。【结论】0.5%U20+0.2%SAP凝胶营养液可在较长时间内保持稳定的半固态凝胶状态,较好满足了模拟植物根系在土壤中生长的要求,并且短时间内在该营养液中植物生长、叶片叶绿素、根系形态变化和养分吸收与纯营养液无显著差异,可考虑选择该凝胶配方来建立植物根系生长观察的半固态凝胶开放培养方法。

超高层建筑电气设计的研究与应用

为进一步提升超高层建筑的电气设计水平,保证其安全、稳定、高效地运行,需要对其进行深入研究。本文通过深入介绍超高层建筑变配电电源接线形式设计、防雷设计、综合布线设计,提出了一系列具有创新性和实用性的设计理念和策略。研究结果表明,超高层建筑电气设计需要综合考虑多个因素,包括技术、经济、环境和社会等方面。只有不断创新和改进设计理念和技术,才能应对现代超高层建筑的多样化需求,推动建筑电气系统的发展。

一种高频系统信道矩阵低复杂度估计方法

毫米波/太赫兹通信支持超大工作带宽和超高通信速率,是具备高应用潜力和影响因子的6G关键候选技术。提出了一种高频通信系统混合赋形架构下的信道矩阵估计方法,可有效估计信道信息,对上下行信道互易性无要求,且通过构造特殊权矢量矩阵,在估计信道矩阵时通过矩阵相乘运算来完成信道矩阵估计,避免了统计协方差矩阵求逆或特征分解运算,大幅度降低信道估计算法的计算复杂度和运算量。

基于地域视角的超高层建筑标志性塑造——以福州在地实践为例

本文旨在探讨超高层建筑在追求标志性的过程中,如何融入地域文化,实现在地性与标志性的和谐统一。文章分析当前超高层建筑在标志性设计中存在的问题,以建筑符号学的角度探讨建筑在地性与标志性的内在矛盾,并通过文献综述和案例研究法归纳解析了基于在地视角的超高层设计手法,同时结合笔者在福州国际人才港和福州华电大厦两个项目中的实践,提出基于在地视角的超高层标志性塑造的方法论。

超高层建筑空间设计研究——以海南中心设计为例

作为海南省第一高楼的海南中心项目,是海口市高质量高标准一体化建设的代表,时隔十年之后再次启动。为了实现这座新时代的地标建筑与所在城市的和谐共生,设计期待能够在结构技术的有力支撑下完成空间艺术的前瞻性探索,实现超高层建筑的优雅形体,展现建筑“技”与“艺”的相互成就。

复杂高层与超高层建筑结构设计要点探析

随着城市化进程的不断推进和人口的持续增长,高层建筑作为现代城市的标志性存在,扮演着重要的城市发展和空间利用角色。高层建筑的崛起不仅改变了城市天际线,更是对土地资源的有效利用,提高了城市的居住密度。然而,与日益增加的建筑高度和复杂性相伴而来的是结构设计面临的巨大挑战。在高层建筑中,如何确保结构的安全性、稳定性和舒适性成为工程设计的核心问题。

基于地域适应性的超高层办公综合体建筑实践探索——以广州南沙利通智汇晶谷项目为例

在全球化背景下,超高层办公建筑不断涌现,部分建筑为追求新奇夸张的外形,采用大面积玻璃幕墙,忽略了当地的地域气候与文化特征。结合项目实践,总结地域适应性在超高层办公综合体建筑设计中的应用策略,为超高层办公综合体地域适应性设计提供参考与借鉴。

多分支残差注意力机制融合的图像超分辨率重建

针对图像超分辨率重建时存在特征映射不完全,以及映射特征易丢失而导致的重建效果不佳的问题,提出了一种多分支残差注意力机制融合的图像超分辨率重建算法。该算法在深层特征映射部分引入多分支架构,增加了网络宽度;并在每个分支中引入包括融合注意力机制的残差结构,对不同的特征信息进行侧重学习,提高了模型提取特征的能力;然后在非线性映射输出层对多个分支映射的信息进行叠加,进一步使特征信息融合,促进参数传递。试验结果表明,该算法在客观评价指标上和主观图像效果上均优于其他算法,有效提高了重建图像的细节清晰度。

Collapse simulation of a super high-rise building subjected to extremely strong earthquakes

In recent years, super high-rise buildings (>500 m) are developing very quickly and become an important frontier of civil engineering. The collapse resistance of super high-rise buildings subjected to extremely strong earthquake is a critical problem that must be intensively studied. This paper builds up a nonlinear finite element model of the tallest building in China, Shang- hai Tower (632 m), and proposes the modeling method and failure criteria for different structural elements. The dynamic char- acters of this building are then analyzed, and the possible failure modes and collapse processes due to earthquakes are pre- dicted, as well as the corresponding collapse mechanism. This work will be helpful in collapse prevention and the seismic design of super high-rise buildings.

An improved ground motion intensity measure for super high-rise buildings

Ground motion intensity measure (IM) is an important part in performance-based seismic design. A reasonable and efficient IM can make the prediction of the structural seismic responses more accurate. Therefore, a more reasonable IM for super high-rise buildings is proposed in this paper. This IM takes into account the significant characteristic that higher-order vibration modes play important roles in the seismic response of super high-rise buildings, as well as the advantages of some existing IMs. The key parameter of the proposed IM is calibrated using a series of time-history analyses. The collapse simulations of two super high-rise buildings are used to discuss the suitability of the proposed IM and some other existing IMs. The results indicate that the proposed IM yields a smaller coefficient of variation for the critical collapse status than other existing IMs and performs well in reflecting the contribution of higher-order vibration modes to the structural response. Hence, the proposed IM is more applicable to seismic design for super high-rise buildings than other IMs.

西安国际足球中心的设计概念与设计定型——超大跨体育场的建筑结构协同创新设计

本文深入解析了西安国际足球中心建筑与结构协同创新设计的概念方案与定型过程,既探讨了E+iDEA与扎哈·哈迪德建筑师事务所进行的深度创意合作,又解读了建筑和结构在概念成形初期就紧密合作的创作思考。本文着重阐述了该球场大跨屋盖形式背后的数理几何设计逻辑和推演过程,详细揭示了这一全球首创的超大跨正交双层开洞索网体系的诞生过程及性状优势,为国际语境下建筑与结构的深度协同创新设计展现了原创问题的实证性回应[1]。

以“H立方”为理念的超大型医院设计——西安市红会医院高铁新城院区项目

围绕西安市红会医院高铁新城院区项目,从规划布局、建筑设计、景观设计、节能设计、智慧系统应用等维度详细阐述了其设计策略,并介绍了每个维度的设计理念及手法,为超大型医院建筑设计提供借鉴。

寒冷地区超高层建筑设计中烟囱效应应对策略分析

寒冷地区四季气候温差、建筑室内外温差、垂直高度温差都远远大于其他地区,在冬季,建筑室内电梯在使用过程中经常会出现电梯门关不上、运行中产生噪声、啸叫声的问题,即烟囱效应的问题。对此,文章在分析烟囱效应作用原理及影响因素的基础上,以某一寒冷地区超高层建筑设计为例,通过数据模拟分析的方法,分析烟囱效应对建筑室内电梯的影响,并提出了增强建筑外维护气密性、优化外门设置部位、合理划分电梯竖向分区、局部空间增设隔断、重点部位减少漏风量等设计中需重点关注的应对措施。

某超高层建筑火灾自动报警系统设计探讨

以多功能业态超高层建筑为例,介绍该建筑火灾自动报警系统的设计、联动控制方式,并提出设计中的注意事项和合理化建议。

BIM技术在大跨度双曲面屋面中的应用

随着经济水平的发展,文化思想建设日益兴盛,各种展览馆博物馆建设纷纷拔地而起。厦门海沧区政府特邀普利兹克建筑奖获得者-王澍大师,以五代时期董源的《潇湘图卷》为蓝本,结合闽南传统古民居特色,设计了金沙书院项目。屋面取重山叠院为概念,共设五重屋脊,整体造型重峦叠嶂,连绵不绝;但复杂的造型也为施工带来极大的挑战,主要分析梳理BIM技术在金沙书院项目中,针对大跨度双曲面屋面施工所进行的一些辅助指导工作,根据实际的施工情况总结了一些施工工艺的做法。实践表明,该方式行之有效,具有较广的应用前景。