japonica rice is mainly distributed in Northeast China and accounts for 44.6% of the total cultivated area of japonica rice in China. The comprehensive using of inter-subspecies heterosis is the main breeding mode of ...japonica rice is mainly distributed in Northeast China and accounts for 44.6% of the total cultivated area of japonica rice in China. The comprehensive using of inter-subspecies heterosis is the main breeding mode of super japonica rice varieties in this region. Improving rice quality at relative high yielding level is the current research focus. Performing crosses between indica and japonica lines allows for the recombination of regulatory genes and genetic backgrounds, leading to complicated genetic rice quality characteristics, which can be used to explore patterns of quality improvement. In the present study, we utilize recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from indica-japonica hybridization to analyze the effect factors of rice quality derived from genetic factors, which contain both regulatory genes concerning rice quality and genetic backgrounds＇ random introduction frequency coming from indica （Di value）, and the improvement strategy was further discussed. The regulatory genes involved in amylase content （Wx） and nitrogen utilization efficiency （NRT1.1B） were the major factors affecting the amylose content （AC） and protein content （PC） in RILs, respectively. Both the Di value and the major grain width gene （GS5） had regulatory effects on milled rice width （MRW） in RILs, and their interaction explained the major variance of MRW in the RILs. With the mediation of MRW and chalkiness degree （C）, Di value had a further impact on head rice rate （HR）, which was relatively poor when the Di value was over 40%. In Northeast China, the Di value should be lowered by backcrossing or multiple crosses during the breeding of indica-japonica hybridization to maintain the whole better HR and further to emphasize the use of favorable genes in individual selection.展开更多
Chunyou 284 is a medium- japonica hybrid combination,as well as an indica-japonica subspecific hyrbid with super-high yield,which was developed from Chunjiang 23A,a thermo-sensitive CMS line with very early anthesis t...Chunyou 284 is a medium- japonica hybrid combination,as well as an indica-japonica subspecific hyrbid with super-high yield,which was developed from Chunjiang 23A,a thermo-sensitive CMS line with very early anthesis time,and C84,an indica-japonica intermediate type restorer line with wide compatibility.This combination has the advantages of high yield potential,early maturity,excellent comprehensive agronomic traits and wide adaptability.It was approved by Jiangsu Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in June,2018.The breeding process,main characteristics,cultivation techniques and seed production points of the combination were introduced.展开更多
[ Objective ] The paper was to study the density restriction effects of reproductive rate of rice brown planthopper （BPH） population in super indiea and japonica hybrid rice Yongyou 6. [Method] Different amounts of ...[ Objective ] The paper was to study the density restriction effects of reproductive rate of rice brown planthopper （BPH） population in super indiea and japonica hybrid rice Yongyou 6. [Method] Different amounts of rice brown planthoppor were released to super indiea and japonica hybrid flee Yongyou 6 during fillering, booting and gain filling stage, respectively. The reproductive rate and variation dynamics of rice brown planthoppor in super rice was also investigated and analyzed. [Result] Tillering stage： the population quantity of rice brown planthoppor during booting and gain filling stage gradually increased with the increasing basal amount of its population during tillering stage; when the population density of rice brown planthopper during grain filling stage reached a certain limit （ 〉 250 head/cluster）, the population density during milking stage showed decrease trend with the increasing of such density; the development of rice brown planthoppor population in super rice Yongyou 6 showed the characteristics of fast in middle and slow in two ends. Booting stage： the development of rice brown planthopper pop- ulation from booting to gain filling stage increased with the increasing basal amount of density, and their correlation during milking stage was not significant; flee brown planthopper population still had high reproduction capacity in the middle and late stage of super rice, which had latent risk on rice yield. Gain filling stage ： when population density of rice brown planthopper 〈 70 head/cluster, the development of it population increased with the increase of basal amount of density, which had great threat to yield. [ Conclusion] The result provided theoretical basis for establishment and improvement of monitoring early warning system, cost-ef- fective control of occurrence and damage of rice brown planthopper, and improvement of the sustained control ability against rice brown planthopper.展开更多
在高产施氮量条件下(225 kg hm-2),按基蘖肥、穗肥不同施氮比例且穗肥依不同叶龄期追氮共设计了20种施氮模式,研究了其对超级杂交粳稻常优1号产量、氮素利用率及主要米质性状的影响。结果表明:氮肥运筹对常优1号产量影响极大,基蘖肥与...在高产施氮量条件下(225 kg hm-2),按基蘖肥、穗肥不同施氮比例且穗肥依不同叶龄期追氮共设计了20种施氮模式,研究了其对超级杂交粳稻常优1号产量、氮素利用率及主要米质性状的影响。结果表明:氮肥运筹对常优1号产量影响极大,基蘖肥与穗肥施氮比例为58.34∶41.66,穗肥以叶龄余数4、2叶等量施氮时,产量最高;产量与总吸氮量、氮肥农学利用率、氮肥表观利用率、生理利用率呈极显著正相关关系,氮收获指数和百千克籽粒需氮量与产量呈二次曲线关系;随着穗肥施氮比例的下降,稻米整精米率、蛋白质含量、垩白率、垩白度逐渐下降;胶稠度、直链淀粉含量呈直线上升趋势;穗肥随追肥叶龄期推迟,整精米率、蛋白质含量提高,而直链淀粉含量下降。胶稠度、外观品质因基蘖肥施氮比例的不同而异。综合来看,基蘖肥、穗肥施氮比例为6∶4,穗肥以倒4、2叶期追肥可使该品种超高产、优质、高效得到较好的协调统一。展开更多
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371587,31430062)the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province,China(2015035,2015036)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University,China(IRT13079)
文摘japonica rice is mainly distributed in Northeast China and accounts for 44.6% of the total cultivated area of japonica rice in China. The comprehensive using of inter-subspecies heterosis is the main breeding mode of super japonica rice varieties in this region. Improving rice quality at relative high yielding level is the current research focus. Performing crosses between indica and japonica lines allows for the recombination of regulatory genes and genetic backgrounds, leading to complicated genetic rice quality characteristics, which can be used to explore patterns of quality improvement. In the present study, we utilize recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from indica-japonica hybridization to analyze the effect factors of rice quality derived from genetic factors, which contain both regulatory genes concerning rice quality and genetic backgrounds＇ random introduction frequency coming from indica （Di value）, and the improvement strategy was further discussed. The regulatory genes involved in amylase content （Wx） and nitrogen utilization efficiency （NRT1.1B） were the major factors affecting the amylose content （AC） and protein content （PC） in RILs, respectively. Both the Di value and the major grain width gene （GS5） had regulatory effects on milled rice width （MRW） in RILs, and their interaction explained the major variance of MRW in the RILs. With the mediation of MRW and chalkiness degree （C）, Di value had a further impact on head rice rate （HR）, which was relatively poor when the Di value was over 40%. In Northeast China, the Di value should be lowered by backcrossing or multiple crosses during the breeding of indica-japonica hybridization to maintain the whole better HR and further to emphasize the use of favorable genes in individual selection.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0100405)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-201X-CNRRI)+3 种基金Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology(2017ZZKT10204)the Major Scientific Technological Project of New Varieties of Agriculture(Grain)of Zhejiang Province(2016C02050-5-1)the Fundamental Research Fund for China National Rice Research Institute(2017RG003-1)Breeding of High-yield Genetically Modified Rice Varieties(2016ZX08001004-001)
文摘Chunyou 284 is a medium- japonica hybrid combination,as well as an indica-japonica subspecific hyrbid with super-high yield,which was developed from Chunjiang 23A,a thermo-sensitive CMS line with very early anthesis time,and C84,an indica-japonica intermediate type restorer line with wide compatibility.This combination has the advantages of high yield potential,early maturity,excellent comprehensive agronomic traits and wide adaptability.It was approved by Jiangsu Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in June,2018.The breeding process,main characteristics,cultivation techniques and seed production points of the combination were introduced.
文摘[ Objective ] The paper was to study the density restriction effects of reproductive rate of rice brown planthopper （BPH） population in super indiea and japonica hybrid rice Yongyou 6. [Method] Different amounts of rice brown planthoppor were released to super indiea and japonica hybrid flee Yongyou 6 during fillering, booting and gain filling stage, respectively. The reproductive rate and variation dynamics of rice brown planthoppor in super rice was also investigated and analyzed. [Result] Tillering stage： the population quantity of rice brown planthoppor during booting and gain filling stage gradually increased with the increasing basal amount of its population during tillering stage; when the population density of rice brown planthopper during grain filling stage reached a certain limit （ 〉 250 head/cluster）, the population density during milking stage showed decrease trend with the increasing of such density; the development of rice brown planthoppor population in super rice Yongyou 6 showed the characteristics of fast in middle and slow in two ends. Booting stage： the development of rice brown planthopper pop- ulation from booting to gain filling stage increased with the increasing basal amount of density, and their correlation during milking stage was not significant; flee brown planthopper population still had high reproduction capacity in the middle and late stage of super rice, which had latent risk on rice yield. Gain filling stage ： when population density of rice brown planthopper 〈 70 head/cluster, the development of it population increased with the increase of basal amount of density, which had great threat to yield. [ Conclusion] The result provided theoretical basis for establishment and improvement of monitoring early warning system, cost-ef- fective control of occurrence and damage of rice brown planthopper, and improvement of the sustained control ability against rice brown planthopper.
文摘在高产施氮量条件下(225 kg hm-2),按基蘖肥、穗肥不同施氮比例且穗肥依不同叶龄期追氮共设计了20种施氮模式,研究了其对超级杂交粳稻常优1号产量、氮素利用率及主要米质性状的影响。结果表明:氮肥运筹对常优1号产量影响极大,基蘖肥与穗肥施氮比例为58.34∶41.66,穗肥以叶龄余数4、2叶等量施氮时,产量最高;产量与总吸氮量、氮肥农学利用率、氮肥表观利用率、生理利用率呈极显著正相关关系,氮收获指数和百千克籽粒需氮量与产量呈二次曲线关系;随着穗肥施氮比例的下降,稻米整精米率、蛋白质含量、垩白率、垩白度逐渐下降;胶稠度、直链淀粉含量呈直线上升趋势;穗肥随追肥叶龄期推迟,整精米率、蛋白质含量提高,而直链淀粉含量下降。胶稠度、外观品质因基蘖肥施氮比例的不同而异。综合来看,基蘖肥、穗肥施氮比例为6∶4,穗肥以倒4、2叶期追肥可使该品种超高产、优质、高效得到较好的协调统一。
