Restraint effect of partition wall on the tunnel floor heave in layered rock mass

The presence of horizontal layered rocks in tunnel engineering significantly impacts the stability and strength of the surrounding rock mass,leading to floor heave in the tunnel.This study focused on preparing layered specimens of rock-like material with varying thickness to investigate the failure behaviors of tunnel floors.The results indicate that thin-layered rock mass exhibits weak interlayer bonding,causing rock layers near the surface to buckle and break upwards when subjected to horizontal squeezing.With an increase in the layer thickness,a transition in failure mode occurs from upward buckling to shear failure along the plane,leading to a noticeable reduction in floor heave deformation.The primary cause of significant deformation in floor heave is upward buckling failure.To address this issue,the study proposes the installation of a partition wall in the middle of the floor to mitigate heave deformation of the rock layers.The results demonstrate that the partition wall has a considerable stabilizing effect on the floor,reducing the zone of buckling failure and minimizing floor heave deformation.It is crucial for the partition wall to be sufficiently high to prevent buckling failure and ensure stability.Through simulation calculations on an engineering example,it is confirmed that implementing a partition wall can effectively reduce floor heave and enhance the stability of tunnel floor.

Curative effect of hydrogen peroxide combined with silver ion disinfection on pelvic floor dysfunction

BACKGROUND Pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD)is related to muscle fiber tearing during childbirth,negatively impacting postpartum quality of life of parturient.Appropriate and effective intervention is necessary to promote PFD recovery.AIM To analyze the use of hydrogen peroxide and silver ion disinfection for vaginal electrodes in conjunction with comprehensive rehabilitation therapy for postpartum women with PFD.METHODS A total of 59 women with PFD who were admitted to the hospital from May 2019 to July 2022 were divided into two groups:Control group(n=27)received comprehensive rehabilitation therapy and observation group(n=32)received intervention with pelvic floor biostimulation feedback instrument in addition to comprehensive rehabilitation therapy.The vaginal electrodes were disinfected with hydrogen peroxide and silver ion before treatment.Intervention for both groups was started 6 weeks postpartum,and rehabilitation lasted for 3 months.Pelvic floor muscle voltage,pelvic floor muscle strength,vaginal muscle voltage,vaginal muscle tone,pelvic floor function,quality of life,and incidence of postpartum PFD were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Before comprehensive rehabilitation treatment,basic data and pelvic floor function were not significantly different between the two groups.After treatment,the observation group showed significant improvements in the maximum voltage and average voltage of pelvic floor muscles,contraction time of type I and type II fibers,pelvic floor muscle strength,vaginal muscle tone,vaginal muscle voltage,and quality of life(GQOLI-74 reports),compared with the control group.The observation group had lower scores on the pelvic floor distress inventory(PFDI-20)and a lower incidence of postpartum PFD,indicating the effectiveness of the pelvic floor biostimulation feedback instrument in promoting the recovery of maternal pelvic floor function.CONCLUSION The combination of the pelvic floor biostimulation feedback instrument and comprehensive rehabilitation nursing can improve pelvic floor muscle strength,promote the recovery of vaginal muscle tone,and improve pelvic floor function and quality of life.The use of hydrogen peroxide and silver ion disinfectant demonstrated favorable antibacterial efficacy and is worthy of clinical application.

Botulinum toxin type A injection combined with biofeedback in the treatment of spastic pelvic floor syndrome

BACKGROUND Spastic pelvic floor syndrome(SPFS)is a refractory pelvic floor disease characterized by abnormal(uncoordinated)contractions of the external anal sphincter and puborectalis muscle during defecation,resulting in rectal emptation and obstructive constipation.The clinical manifestations of SPFS are mainly characterized by difficult defecation,often accompanied by a sense of anal blockage and drooping.Manual defecation is usually needed during defecation.From physical examination,it is commonly observed that the patient's anal muscle tension is high,and it is difficult or even impossible to enter with his fingers.AIM To investigate the characteristics of anorectal pressure and botulinum toxin A injection combined with biofeedback in treating pelvic floor muscle spasm syndrome.METHODS Retrospective analysis of 50 patients diagnosed with pelvic floor spasm syndrome.All patients underwent pelvic floor surface electromyography assessment,anorectal dynamics examination,botulinum toxin type A injection 100 U intramuscular injection,and two cycles of biofeedback therapy.RESULTS After the botulinum toxin A injection combined with two cycles of biofeedback therapy,the patient's postoperative resting and systolic blood pressure were significantly lower than before surgery(P<0.05).Moreover,the electromyography index of the patients in the resting stage and post-resting stages was significantly lower than before surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Botulinum toxin A injection combined with biofeedback can significantly reduce pelvic floor muscle tension in treating pelvic floor muscle spasm syndrome.Anorectal manometry is an effective method to evaluate the efficacy of treatment objectively.However,randomized controlled trials are needed.

Basic Characteristics of an Appropriate Waste Fillers for Solvent Free and Water-Borne Industrial Polymer Floors and Their Utilization

Recently the manufacture of epoxy coating and flooring materials begun to be under strong pressure to use more environmentally friendly raw materials in its composition.First tendency to reduce of solvents and diluents contained in the materials appeared at the end of 90´s.This situation was supported by the Council of Europe in 2004 to reduce VOC emissions to zero till 2020.Solvent materials were thus largely replaced by solvent free materials from which the volatile substances are not released into the air.But pressure continued to increase,and over the past decade began to take centre stage water-based epoxy.On the Czech market solvent based material is still occasionally used,but predominant are solvent free materials.There are no commonly used materials containing wastes as fillers in new water-borne and solvent-free epoxy materials.Characteristics identification of the waste material as a potential filler is a set of properties that determine the limits of secondary raw materials or waste as a filler.This paper describes the basic characteristics which must be selected to meet the requirements,to affect negatively the workability,sedimentation,properties and behavior of the final floor system.Some materials must comply with special requirements,such as resistance to chemicals,etc.Next part of paper talks about utilization of polymer floors and their mechanical properties.

Further Analysis of Machine Tool Dimensional Accuracy and Thermal Stability under Varying Floor Temperature

Machining is as old as humanity, and changes in temperature in both the machine’s internal and external environments can be of great concern as they affect the machine’s thermal stability and, thus, the machine’s dimensional accuracy. This paper is a continuation of our earlier work, which aimed to analyze the effect of the internal temperature of a machine tool as the machine is put into operation and vary the external temperature, the machine floor temperature. Some experiments are carried out under controlled conditions to study how machine tool components get heated up and how this heating up affects the machine’s accuracy due to thermally induced deviations. Additionally, another angle is added by varying the machine floor temperature. The parameters mentioned above are explored in line with the overall thermal stability of the machine tool and its dimensional accuracy. A Robodrill CNC machine tool is used. The CNC was first soaked with thermal energy by gradually raising the machine floor temperature to a certain level before putting the machine in operation. The machine was monitored, and analytical methods were deplored to evaluate thermal stability. Secondly, the machine was run idle for some time under raised floor temperature before it was put into operation. Data was also collected and analyzed. It is observed that machine thermal stability can be achieved in several ways depending on how the above parameters are joggled. This paper, in conclusion, reinforces the idea of machine tool warm-up process in conjunction with a carefully analyzed and established machine floor temperature variation for the approximation of the machine tool’s thermally stability to map the long-time behavior of the machine tool.

A super-large graphite deposit discovered in granite rocks at Huangyangshan, Xinjiang,China

1.Objective A graphite deposit has been discovered in Sujiquan, Xinjiang in 1980s,which provides detailed geological settings for the super-large graphite deposit discovered in Huangyangshan pluton with total reserves up to 7.264×10^9 t in 2017.Outcrops of igneous rocks in the study area include Middle Devonian plagioclase granite and Late Carboniferous alkali feldspar granite that is referred to the Huangyangshan pluton,which includes the Lower Carboniferous Heishantou Formation and Jiangbasi Formation,both of which consist of volcanic-sedimentary rocks (Fig.1).Sujiquan fault provided passage for the migration of volcanic intrusions.Graphite deposits are usually hosted by metamorphic rocks,but Huangyanshan deposits are hosted by granite rocks,which are rarely known.The Huangyangshan graphite deposit hosted by granite pluton at Huangyangshan area was discovered by Xinjiang Branch of China National Geological Exploration Center of Building Materials Industry since 2015.

Numerical simulation research on response characteristics of surrounding rock for deep super-large section chamber under dynamic and static combined loading condition

The stability control of surrounding rock for large or super-large section chamber is a difficult technical problem in deep mining condition.Based on the in-site geological conditions of Longgu coal mine,this paper used the dynamic module of FLAC3D to study the response characteristics of deep super-large section chamber under dynamic and static combined loading condition.Results showed that under the static loading condition,the maximum vertical stress,deformation and failure range are large,where the stress concentration coefficient is 1.64.The maximum roof-to-floor and two-sides deformations are 54.6 mm and 53.1 mm,respectively.Then,under the dynamic and static combined loading condition:(1)The influence of dynamic load frequency on the two-sides is more obvious;(2)The dynamic load amplitude has the greatest influence on the stress concentration degree,and the plastic failure tends to develop to the deeper;(3)With the dynamic load source distance increase,the response of surrounding rock is gradually attenuated.On this basis,empirical equations for each dynamic load conditions were obtained by using regression analysis method,and all correlation coefficients are greater than 0.99.This research provided reference for the supporting design of deep super-large section chamber under same or similar conditions.

Bainiuchang super-large silver-polymetallic ore deposit related to granitic magmatism in Mengzi, Yunnan

Bainiuchang silver-polymetallic ore deposit is located in the southeast Yunnan tin-polymetallic metallogenic belt.The probable reserves and inferred resources of the deposit are of 6 470 t Ag and 1.10 Mt Pb and 1.72 Mt Zn and 86 kt Sn.Orebodies of the deposit occur in clastic-carbonate rocks of Tianpeng Formation and Longha Formation of the middle Cambrian System above the Bainiuchang concealed granite of the late Yanshan period.The concealed granite has the characteristics of tin-bearing granites.Abundance of the mineralization elements Sn,Cu,Zn,Pb,Ag and Sb is high in the granitic rocks.Sulphur isotope data of the metal sulphides indicate that most sulphur is derived from the magmas.The ores are similar in rare earth element(REE)patterns to the granitic rocks.The granitic magma activity results in ore-bearing structures.Rocks of the Middle Cambrian System above the concealed intrusion suffer from skarnization,hornfelsing,marbleization,siliconizing and carbonatization.The mineralization elements Sn,Cu,Zn,Pb,Ag and Sb successively appear from the top of the granite to surrounding rocks.These evidences indicate that the granitic magmatism is the principal mineralization factor.The opinion that the south Bainiuchang ore field and the north Awei ore block are tin and copper potential exploration areas was put forward and was verified by drilling tests.

Instability energy mechanism of super-large section crossing chambers in deep coal mines

The stress concentration and failure at chamber intersections in coal mine are intense,especially in deepburied,super-large section conditions.In this paper,the plastic radius of super-large section chamber under unequal pressure was corrected on the basis of the size effect.Then,stress and failure evolution of intersections under different crossing angles and equivalent angular bisectors were revealed.Furthermore,2 trajectory curves of failure and stress were analytically expressed,which divided the intersection into 5 influencing zones in the light of stress superposition degree.After determining instability trigger point and instability path,instability energy criterion of intersection can be obtained as K>1,which means that the external energy is greater than the sum of energy consumed by surrounding rock instability and supporting structure failure.Taking coal-gangue separation system of Longgu Coal Mine as example,it was found that there was instability risk under original parameters.For long-term stability,an optimization design method was proposed by considering safety factor,and optimal support scheme was obtained.Field monitoring showed intersections deformations were relatively small with the maximum of 125 mm,which verified the rationality of theoretical analysis.This study provides guidance for the stability control of the intersections under the same or similar conditions.

New Zircon U-Pb Age of the Super-Large Lijiagou Spodumene Deposit in Songpan Garze Fold Belt, Eastern Tibet： Implications for Early Jurassic Rare-Metal Polymetallic Event

Objective The Songpan-Garze Fold Belt(SGFB),located in the eastern part of the Tibet Plateau and west of the Sichuan Basin,is an important pegmatite province in China.Some famous pegmatite type deposits occur in the SGFB,including the Xuebaoding,Jiajika,Keeryin rare metal deposits and Danba muscovite deposit(Li Jiankang et al.,2015).The newly discovered super-large Lijiagou

Wind-induced responses of super-large cooling towers

Traditional gust load factor(GLF)method,inertial wind load(IWL)method and tri-component method(LRC+IWL)cannot accurately analyze the wind-induced responses of super-large cooling towers,so the real combination formulas of fluctuating wind-induced responses and equivalent static wind loads(ESWLSs)were derived based on structural dynamics and random vibration theory.The consistent coupled method(CCM)was presented to compensate the coupled term between background and resonant response.Taking the super-large cooling tower(H=215 m)of nuclear power plant in Jiangxi Province,China,which is the highest and largest in China,as the example,based on modified equivalent beam-net design method,the aero-elastic model for simultaneous pressure and vibration measurement of super-large cooling tower is firstly carried out.Then,combining wind tunnel test and CCM,the effects of self-excited force on the surface pressures and wind-induced responses are discussed,and the wind-induced response characteristics of background component,resonant component,coupled term between background and resonant response,fluctuating responses,and wind vibration coefficients are discussed.It can be concluded that wind-induced response mechanism must be understood to direct the wind resistant design for super-large cooling towers.

A Super-Large Rb-Nb Rare Metal Deposit has been Discovered in Huashi Village of Xinglong County, Hebei Province

Objective The Huashi Village in Xinglong County of Hebei Province is located in the Yanshan subsidence zone in the central eastern North China Plate, which is 137 km away from Beijing City （Fig. la）. This area has undergone large -scale magmatic intrusion affected by the tectonic compression of the Pacific Plate in the Mesozoic （known as the Yanshanian movement） to form many alkaline rocks such as the Wulingshan rock mass. Previous studies have conducted petrological research and reconnaissance survey of rare metal ores in this area （Tian Shuzhang and Guo Zongshan, 1981; Xu Baoling et al., 1996）. In 2016, the Qinhuangdao Mineral and Hydrology Engineering Geological Brigade of Hebei Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration implemented the project of Reconnaissance of Rare Metal Ores Including Rubidium in Huashi Village of Xinglong County, Hebei Province, and discovered super-large rare metal deposits of rubidium and biobium in the Madi alkali feldspar granite bodies in the Huashi Village to achieve great breakthrough of rare metal ore prospecting.

Two Super-Large Gold Deposits Have Been Discovered in Jiaodong Peninsula of China

During 2015, gold prospecting in Laizhou City of Shandong Peninsula in China has achieved a major breakthrough. Deposits containing 470 and 389 tons of gold metal were discovered in the northern sea area of Sanshandao and the Shaling area, respectively. As a result, the gold prospective resources in the entire Jiaodong Peninsula have now exceeded 4000 tons, fully indicative of the super-large prospecting potential of the Jiaojia-type deposits.

Magmatic Evolution and Mineralization Process of the Super-Large Shihuiyao Rb–Nb–Ta Deposit,Southern Great Xing'an Range,China

Rare metal ore reserves are an important strategic resource, and their metallogenic mechanism and mineralization studies have also been received widespread international attention.

The Major Ore Clusters of Super-Large Iron Deposits in the World, Present Situation of Iron Resources in China, and Prospect

The metamorphosed sedimentary type of iron deposits（BIF） is the most important type of iron deposits in the world, and super-large iron ore clusters of this type include the Quadrilatero Ferrifero district and Carajas in Brazil, Hamersley in Australia, Kursk in Russia, Central Province of India and Anshan-Benxi in China. Subordinated types of iron deposits are magmatic, volcanic-hosted and sedimentary ones. This paper briefly introduces the geological characteristics of major super-large iron ore clusters in the world. The proven reserves of iron ores in China are relatively abundant, but they are mainly low-grade ores. Moreover, a considerate part of iron ores are difficult to utilize for their difficult ore dressing, deep burial or other reasons. Iron ore deposits are relatively concentrated in 11 metallogenic provinces（belts）, such as the Anshan-Benxi, eastern Hebei, Xichang-Central Yunnan Province and middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River. The main minerogenetic epoches vary widely from the Archean to Quaternary, and are mainly the Late Archean to Middle Proterozoic, Variscan, and Yanshanian periods. The main 7 genetic types of iron deposits in China are metamorphosed sedimentary type（BIF）, magmatic type, volcanic-hosted type, skarn type, hydrothermal type, sedimentary type and weathered leaching type. The iron-rich ores occur predominantly in the skarn and marine volcanic-hosted iron deposits, locally in the metamorphosed sedimentary type（BIF） as hydrothermal reformation products. The theory of minerogenetic series of mineral deposits and minerogenic models has applied in investigation and prospecting of iron ore deposits. A combination of deep analyses of aeromagnetic anomalies and geomagnetic anomalies, with gravity anomalies are an effective method to seeking large and deep-buried iron deposits. China has a relatively great oresearching potential of iron ores, especially for metamorphosed sedimentary, skarn, and marine volcanic-hosted iron deposits. For the lower guarantee degree of iron and steel industry, China should give a trading and open the foreign mining markets.

Application of Tectono Geochemical Study in Deep Concealed Ore Body Exploration--As the Huize Super-Large Lead-Zinc Deposit an exemple

1 Geological Background of Minerlization or Geologic Setting The northeast of Yunnan1 Pb-Zn-Ag-Ge polymetallic ore district is an important part of the southwestern margin of the Yangtze block Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation: a review of current evidence on anatomical factors and a decision tree

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation using lateral window and crestal technique is considered as predictable methods to increase the residual bone height;however,this surgery is commonly complicated by Schneiderian membrane perforation,which is closely related to anatomical factors.This article aimed to assess anatomical factors on successful augmentation procedures.After review of the current evidence on sinus augmentation techniques,anatomical factors related to the stretching potential of Schneiderian membrane were assessed and a decision tree for the rational choice of surgical approaches was proposed.Schneiderian membrane perforation might occur when local tension exceeds its stretching potential,which is closely related to anatomical variations of the maxillary sinus.Choice of a surgical approach and clinical outcomes are influenced by the stretching potential of Schneiderian membrane.In addition to the residual bone height,clinicians should also consider the stretching potential affected by the membrane health condition,the contours of the maxillary sinus,and the presence of antral septa when evaluating the choice of surgical approaches and clinical outcomes.

Source of the Ore-forming Adakitic Porphyry at the Beiya Super-large Au Deposit, Western Yangtze Craton: New Evidence from Zircon U-Pb Ages of the Amphibolite Xenoliths

Objective The Beiya super-large Au-rich porphyry deposit(304 t Au,2.4 g/t Au)is located within the western Yangtze craton,to the southeast of the Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen(Fig.1).The ore-forming porphyry is adakitic,characterized by high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios coupled with low Y and Yb contents,and is generally thought to be derived from partial melting of thickened mafic lower crust.The lower crust underneath the western Yangtze craton is mainly composed of ancient crust with Archean ages,juvenile crust resulting from the Neoproterozoic subduction(740–1000 Ma),and late Permian juvenile crust related to the Emeishan mantle plume.Which lower crustal end-member has played a critical role in genesis of the Beiya ore-forming porphyry can be constrained by zircon U-Pb ages of amphibolite xenoliths hosted in the ore-forming porphyry,because these xenoliths represent direct samples of the source.In this study,we present new zircon U-Pb ages of these amphibolite xenoliths to have insight into the nature of the Beiya adakitic porphyry source.

Super-Large Pb-Zn Deposits Discovered in Danaopo,Huayuan County,Hunan Province

Geological Brigade 405 of Hunan Provincial Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau discovered the Danaopo and Yangjiazhai super-large Pb- Zn deposits through 5 years （2009-2014） of exploration in Huayuan County, Hunan Province. These deposits contain 208.4942 million tons of （332＋333） class Pb＋Zn ores and 4.8746 million tons of metal amounts, of which metal amounts of 333 class zinc are 4.1198 million tons and metal amounts of lead are 0.7548 million tons, associated with useful components of Cd, Ag and Se. In addition, the Limei, Qingshuitang and Yutang Pb-Zn deposits were proven betbre and this region has thus been ranked as a Pb-Zn ore resource base with a hundred-ton scale （Fig. 1）.

Breeding of Super-large-grain Wheat Germplasms

[Objectives]This study was conducted to breed high-yielding wheat varieties. [Methods] A new breeding technology of "Artificial mutagenesis to increase genetic differences between parents and to enhance heterosis" was put forward. Longnan 71 a and Longnan 71 a mutants bred by this technology were crossed with other mutants and normal materials. [Results] In the Wudu experimental field of Longnan City, the traits of super-large grain appeared in the obverse and inverse cross with Longnan 71 a as parents. The trait of super-large grain was dominantly inherited. The traits of various combinations in the Fgeneration were segregated. In the Fgeneration, one super-large-grain low-stalk line and other lines with specific traits were selected. In the Fgeneration, two super-large-grain low-stalk large-ear lines were selected. These three super-large-grain low-stalk wheat lines had reduced plant height and good lodging resistance, and possessed two high-yielding characters among the three factors of yield, so they were expected to be further bred into high-yielding wheat varieties. One line with the largest grain length of 10.3 mm was selected in the Fgeneration. After two years of breeding, in 2022, the largest grain length was measured to be 10.6 mm, and the average 1 000-grain weight and the largest 1 000-grain weight were 75.8 and 100 g, respectively. [Conclusions] This study is about the major progress in artificial cultivation of super-large-grain wheat and has considerable practical value.