Experimental study and numerical analysis on bearing behaviors of super-long rock-socketed bored pile groups

A centrifuge modeling test and a three-dimensional finite element analysis（FEA）of super-long rock-socketed bored pile groups of the Tianxingzhou Bridge are proposed.Based on the similarity theory,different prototypical materials are simulated using different indicators in the centrifuge model.The silver sand,the shaft and the pile cap are simulated according to the natural density,the compressive stiffness and the bending stiffness,respectively.The finite element method（FEM）is implemented and analyzed in ANSYS,in which the stress field during the undisturbed soil stage,the boring stage,the concrete-casting stage and the curing stage are discussed in detail.Comparisons in terms of load-settlement,shaft axial force distribution and lateral friction between the numerical results and the test data are carried out to investigate the bearing behaviors of super-long rock-socketed bored pile groups under loading and unloading conditions.Results show that there is a good agreement between the centrifuge modeling tests and the FEM.In addition,the load distribution at the pile top is complicated,which is related to the stiffness of the cap,the corresponding assumptions and the analysis method.The shaft axial force first increases slightly with depth then decreases sharply,and the rate of decrease in rock is greater than that in sand and soil.

赛车道软土路基PHC桩负摩阻力中性点的时间效应

武汉赛车场跑道下伏的深厚软土层给桩基的设计与施工带来不小阻碍,桩基的负摩阻力及其中性点的确定对工程的稳定性具有非常重要的影响。为检验武汉赛车场跑道软土路基的预应力高强度混凝土管桩(PHC)设计的合理性以及为后续桩基改进方案的提供技术支持,选择典型地层开展了堆载作用下桩与桩间土的沉降监测,根据桩与土的相对沉降变化规律研究负摩阻力中性点的时间效应。结果表明,该场地的PHC桩的桩周土沉降约是桩沉降的6倍,具有明显的负摩阻力特性,桩周软弱土的下限深度为13.0 m;随着时间增加,中性点向上移动;中性点深度随时间变化具有三阶段特征,采用指数函数的中性点时间效应预测模型能较好反映中性点初始值、中性点变化规律与速率以及最终稳定值,与规范法比较,预测模型计算的中性点深度具有更高的准确性,由此得到了两个试验场地的中性点稳定值分别为4.43 m与5.72 m。研究还表明三向土工格栅能有效降低桩间土的沉降,也能降低桩-土的差异沉降,使中性点上移,减小负摩阻力,提高桩的承载力。本研究对了解负摩阻力对桩基性能发挥有一定的参考价值。

Axial bearing behavior of super-long piles in deep soft clay over stiff layers

In order to find out the bearing behavior of super-long piles located in deep soft clay over stiff layers around Dongting Lake, China, a test pile was first designed with the field loading test finished afterward. Based on the measured test results, load transfer mechanism and bearing behavior of the pile shaft were discussed in detail. Then, by introducing a bi-linear model for shaft friction and the tri-linear model for pile tip resistance, respectively, the governing differential equation of pile soil system was set up by the load transfer method with the analytical solutions derived as well, taking into account the effect by stratified feature and various bearing conditions of subsoil, material nonlinearity, and the sediment under pile tip. Furthermore, formulas to determine the axial capacity of super-long piles by the pile top settlement were advised and applied to analyze the test pile. Good agreement between the predicted load settlement variations and the measured data is obtained to verify the validity of the present method. The results also show that, the axial bearing capacity of super-long piles should be controlled by the allowable pile top settlement, and buckling stability of the pile shaft should be paid attention as well.

Study of seismic behavior of PHC piles with partial normal-strength deformed bars

Nine PHC piles with partial normal-strength deformed bars were prepared in present study,and cyclic loading tests were implemented to evaluate these piles’seismic performance.The influence of the axial compression ratio and the amount of normal-strength deformed bars on failure modes,crack patterns,strength,stiffness,and ductility were examined.The test findings indicate that the change of axial compression ratio has a noticeable influence on the failure mode of PHC piles.A larger axial compression ratio results in a higher cracking bending resistance,ultimate bending resistance,and initial stiffness,but the propagation heights of flexural cracks decrease as the axial compression ratio increases.Furthermore,increasing the amount of normal-strength deformed bars causes a slight decrease in ductility.Finally,a calculation formula was proposed to predict the flexural capacity of PHC piles with partial normal-strength deformed bars.

Buckling analysis of super-long rock-socketed filling piles in soft soil area by element free Galerkin method

In order to discuss the buckling stability of super-long rock-socketed filling piles widely used in bridge engineering in soft soil area such as Dongting Lake, the second stability type was adopted instead of traditional first type, and a newly invented numerical analysis method, i.e. the element-free Galerkin method (EFGM), was introduced to consider the non-concordant deformation and nonlinearity of the pile-soil interface. Then, based on the nonlinear elastic-ideal plastic pile-soil interface model, a nonlinear iterative algorithm was given to analyze the pile-soil interaction, and a program for buckling analysis of piles by the EFGM (PBAP-EFGM) and arc length method was worked out as well. The application results in an engineering example show that, the shape of pile top load-settlement curve obtained by the program agrees well with the measured one, of which the difference may be caused mainly by those uncertain factors such as possible initial defects of pile shaft and the eccentric loading during the test process. However, the calculated critical load is very close with the measured ultimate load of the test pile, and the corresponding relative error is only 5.6%, far better than the calculated values by linear and nonlinear incremental buckling analysis (with a greater relative error of 37.0% and 15.4% respectively), which also verifies the rationality and feasibility of the present method.

桩端后注浆PHC管桩原理及工程应用

PHC管桩具有承载力高、施工速度快、施工质量好和工程造价低的优点,因此在工程建设中得到广泛应用。但是受制于地基承载力,PHC管桩的桩身强度往往得不到充分发挥,造成资源浪费。桩端后注浆是提高地基承载力非常有效的方法。首先,利用PHC管桩空腔设置注浆管,在桩端安装具有注浆功能的桩尖,在PHC管桩中形成注浆回路;然后,将PHC管桩沉桩到位;最后,通过注浆回路向PHC管桩桩端压注高压水泥浆,加固桩端和桩侧土体,达到提高地基承载力和桩基承载力的目的。为了实现PHC管桩桩端后注浆,开发了注浆器内置式注浆桩尖。试验研究和工程应用表明,注浆器内置式注浆桩尖技术是可行的,桩端后注浆PHC管桩具有工艺简单、设备简易、效果显著和成本低廉的优点。

实例分析预应力管桩(PHC)施工中常见问题及处理措施

由于预应力管桩造价低,施工速度快,在工业、房屋建筑、高速铁路、高速公路和民用设施工程中得到广泛运用。基础工程是隐蔽工程,同时基础工程施工是项目施工的最重要的部分之一。论文介绍了实际项目桩基施工工程中出现的各种状况,以勘察报告和桩基施工单位的施工日记作为依据,分析导致桩基出现问题的主要因素,结合项目建设代表和设计代表最终提出解决方案。

基于物联网技术的PHC管桩加固湿软黄土地基自动化监测现场试验

预应力高强度混凝土(Pre-stressed High-strength Concrete:PHC)管桩作为一种常用的处理湿软黄土地基方法,质量稳定可靠。但是,在传统PHC管桩施工过程中,对管桩贯入位移的记录存在频率不足、效率不高等问题,未能满足预期的地基处理施工监测效果。鉴于此,基于物联网的基本框架和技术,依托甘肃安临高速PHC管桩处理湿软黄土地基工程,设计了一套PHC管桩施工质量自动化监测系统,采用自行研发的监测装置与系统,针对管桩在施工过程中的贯入位移质量控制指标进行了现场监测试验。结果表明:该监测系统可实时输出管桩贯入土层过程中贯入位移随锤击次数的响应情况,并将管桩贯入持力层的信息及时反馈于现场施工作业区。同时借助地质雷达与低应变检测技术验证了该监测系统的可靠性。该研究成果可为PHC管桩在施工过程中实现贯入信息采集的智能化提供一定的技术支撑。

潜孔锤引孔在水上厚抛石层PHC沉桩中的应用

针对斜坡式抛石结构引堤上PHC管桩在沉桩过程中难以穿透厚抛石层的问题,以某综合管架工程为例,进行施工工艺实践研究。在对常规引孔工艺进行对比的基础上,提出潜孔锤先引孔再施打预应力混凝土管桩的解决方案,并简要介绍了潜孔锤引孔设备及技术参数、施工工艺流程、引孔过程中存在的问题及相应解决措施。应用结果表明,采用潜孔锤引孔后的预应力混凝土管桩能高效贯穿抛石结构层,沉桩后桩身结构完整性好,单桩竖向承载力满足设计要求,该工艺切实可行。研究成果可为类似地基沉桩施工提供参考。

PHC管桩在岩溶地区的设计及工程应用

岩溶地区以其独特的地质情况,对工程建设带来了巨大的挑战。为了提高岩溶地区基础工程建设的效果,本文结合大沥御府项目,分析和总结了该地区的岩溶特性,提出了PHC管桩在岩溶地区的设计及工程应用,文中提供了岩溶地质中PHC管桩应用的经验和试验结果,同时也取得了良好的工程及经济效果,为岩溶地区的基础工程建设提供了较好的借鉴意义。

内河高桩码头大直径PHC管桩沉桩现场试验及参数优化

依托安徽淮北港区孙疃作业区综合码头工程,开展内河高桩码头大直径预应力高强混凝土(PHC)管桩沉桩现场试验及参数优化研究。通过初始地勘报告获得沉桩参数后,进行沉桩可打性分析并优化施工工艺,进行试沉桩、高低应变和静载试验,并根据试验结果进行桩基设计参数优化。结果表明:结合沉桩现场试验中的桩端进入持力层深度和最后贯入度结果,验证了内河高桩码头大直径PHC管桩施工工艺、沉桩设备、沉桩控制参数和停锤标准的可行性;明确了内河高桩码头大直径PHC管桩单位面积极限侧摩阻力标准值和极限桩端阻力标准值的调整系数范围为5%~10%;采用(7)层粉细砂作为桩基持力层,同步优化桩基参数。

大直径PHC管桩锤击贯入特性现场试验研究

为研究大直径PHC管桩锤击贯入荷载传递机理,依托于某高速桥梁桩基工程,对外径0.8m、长度43m的开口PHC管桩进行锤击沉桩试验,分析沉桩过程中桩顶荷载、桩端阻力、桩侧摩阻力以及桩身轴力与桩基贯入深度变化规律。研究表明随着贯入深度的增加,相同深度下的桩身轴力逐渐增大;在同一贯入深度下,桩身轴力沿深度自上而下非线性递减。在同一土层内随着贯入深度的增大,贯入阻力逐渐增大,桩端阻力受土层变化的影响更为显著。桩侧摩阻力的变化受土体软硬程度与锤击次数的影响,连续打桩时锤击次数不断增大,桩侧摩阻力出现了显著的疲劳衰退现象,桩端土体强度明显降低。

免蒸压PHC管桩混凝土的制备及管桩生产技术研究综述

为加大推动管桩行业向节能降碳、高质量发展,综述了免蒸压PHC管桩混凝土的原材料选择、配合比设计以及管桩成型工艺、养护制度、施工方法等技术,并对未来发展方向进行了展望。

复杂液化地基下大直径PHC管桩沉桩技术应用研究

随着大直径PHC管桩在地基基础建设中的不断应用,如何保障管桩在复杂地基条件下的成桩质量和承载能力,逐渐成为基础工程建设者越来越关心的问题。针对太原武宿国际机场T3航站楼工程复杂基础结构施工,通过合理布置挤密碎石桩,同时科学设计大直径PHC管桩参数及沉桩工艺,成功消除了桩间土的液化性质,保障了成桩质量,最终确保了复杂液化地基下大直径PHC管桩的承载能力。

静压PHC管桩穿越中风化玄武岩层的施工方法

以海南医学院桂林洋新校区一期项目为工程依托,介绍了静压法PHC管桩在施工中遇到分布范围广、完整度较高且具有一定厚度的中风化岩时,现场经过详细分析岩土工程详勘报告,结合沉桩异常的原因分析以及二次试桩成功的总结。在不改变既有设计条件的前提下,现场通过岩层及以上区段扩孔回填再沉桩的方法,解决了带十字闭口型钢桩尖的PHC管桩静压法穿越完整度较高的中风化玄武岩层的问题,使的管桩顺利穿越岩层,减少返工。

基于湿陷性黄土地基的PHC管桩静力压桩法施工技术研究

在湿陷性黄土地区,PHC管桩可能因沉桩压力过大而引起桩身断裂或沉降。因此,有必要研究一种新的施工工艺,以解决上述问题。本研究针对湿陷性黄土地区,对PHC管桩静压桩的施工工艺进行了研究。本项目拟采用先压后沉的方法对湿陷性黄土地基进行处理,通过控制沉桩压力与沉桩速率,确保桩的质量与稳定性。拟在阐述PHC管桩静压桩理论基础与施工技术的基础上,开展试验与数据分析,并结合工程实例验证其有效性与可靠性。对于湿陷性黄土地基,应充分考虑其自身的特殊性,对其进行分析。

PHC-钢管组合桩在潍坊地区沿海港口建设中的应用

在中小型高桩码头设计中,PHC预制管桩具有良好的抗腐蚀性和较高的承载力,应用较为广泛,但其穿透能力和耐打击能力较弱。如山东潍坊沿海地区地层中普遍存在一层埋深浅、厚度大、标贯高的粉砂层,该土层使沉桩施工较为困难,因此提出PHC-钢管组合桩方案。结合某河口区5000吨级多用途码头的桩基变更设计,从桩基设计、有限元分析、静载荷试验、高应变检测方面综合论证方案的合理性,并进一步提出桩基桩端承载力折减系数,为该地区同类项目桩基垂直承载力计算提供了一定的依据。

高速公路路基工程PHC预应力管桩施工技术

依托实际工程,详细阐述了PHC预应力管桩的工程特性,重点从施工准备、桩位放样、管桩存放、管桩吊装、接桩、终压等方面研究了PHC预应力管桩的施工技术要点,并强调要及时对施工质量进行检测,以保证软土地基处理效果。

PHC管桩混凝土研究进展

预应力高强混凝土(PHC)管桩是桩基工程中应用的主要桩型之一,文章从宏观力学性能、耐久性和微观结构等方面对PHC管桩混凝土国内外研究进展进行了总结。目前关于PHC管桩混凝土的研究大都是围绕振动成型试样展开,未能考虑PHC管桩离心成型过程对混凝土性能的影响,建议采用与PHC管桩同材料、同养护条件、同等离心过程制备的混凝土试样,开展宏观至微观的多尺度系统研究。

软土地基处理中PHC管桩桩身及单桩承载力试验研究

为研究软土地基PHC管桩处理效果,结合某泵站工程,通过第三方检测公司对施工单位使用PHC管桩处理后的地基进行抽验。采用低应变反射波法进行PHC管桩桩长、桩身完整性检测,并进行复合地基单桩竖向抗压承载力试验研究,从而判断PHC管桩处理后泵站软土地基中的承载力大小是否满足要求。经第三方抽检,检测结果合格,单桩完整性及复合地检测结果可以直接为本次泵站设计施工及竣工验收提供技术方法和数据借鉴。