目的:研究瘢痕疙瘩切除后行浅表放疗的最佳时机、研究影响其复发的因素。方法:分析105例瘢痕疙瘩切除后行浅表放疗的效果,分析性别、年龄、病变部位、瘢痕疙瘩面积、感染及放疗时机等与瘢痕疙瘩复发的关系。结果:术后2～6天,放疗有效率9...目的:研究瘢痕疙瘩切除后行浅表放疗的最佳时机、研究影响其复发的因素。方法:分析105例瘢痕疙瘩切除后行浅表放疗的效果,分析性别、年龄、病变部位、瘢痕疙瘩面积、感染及放疗时机等与瘢痕疙瘩复发的关系。结果:术后2～6天,放疗有效率93.1%;术后7～10天,放疗有效率65.3%,差异有统计学意义;多因素Logi sti c回归分析筛选出影响瘢痕疙瘩复发的因素是放疗时机、瘢痕疙瘩面积;放疗时间OR=3.82(P<0.05),病变面积哑变量1的OR=5.36(P>0.05,)病变面积哑变量2的OR=8.69(P<0.05)。结论:瘢痕疙瘩切除术后2～6天行浅表放疗是防止瘢痕增生及瘢痕疙瘩复发的有效方法;瘢痕疙瘩的复发可能与瘢痕疙瘩病变面积有关。展开更多
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars and keloid treatment is a major problem in plastic surgery.While small keloids can be treated with resection followed by radiotherapy,large keloids require treatment with a tissue expande...BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars and keloid treatment is a major problem in plastic surgery.While small keloids can be treated with resection followed by radiotherapy,large keloids require treatment with a tissue expander.Conventional methods increase the need for auxiliary incisions,causing new scar hyperplasia.AIM To introduce a new method for the treatment of keloids with an expander.METHODS Between 2018 and 2021,we performed surgeries to treat large keloids in nine patients with a two-stage approach.In the first stage,an intrascar incision was made in the keloid,and a customized expander was implanted under the keloid and the surrounding normal skin.A period of 3-6 mo was allowed for skin expansion.In the second stage,after the initial incision healed,a follow-up surgery was performed to remove the expander,resect the keloid,and repair the expanded skin flap.To accomplish this,an incision was made along the scar boundary to avoid making a new surgical incision and creating new scars.Superficial radiotherapy was then performed postoperatively.RESULTS Two patients had anterior chest keloids.After treatment,the anterior chest incision was broken repeatedly and then sutured again after debridement.It healed smoothly without scar hyperplasia.Keloids were successfully removed in 7 patients without recurrence.CONCLUSION This method was performed through a keloid incision and with a custom expander embedded.After full expansion,the keloid was directly resected using a linear suture,which avoids new surgical incisions and scars and can successfully remove large-area keloids.The treatment is effective,providing new insights and strategies for the treatment of similar large-area keloid and hypertrophic scar cases in the future.展开更多
Protons interact with human tissue differently than do photons and these differences can be exploited in an attempt to improve the care of lung cancer patients. This review examines proton beam therapy(PBT) as a compo...Protons interact with human tissue differently than do photons and these differences can be exploited in an attempt to improve the care of lung cancer patients. This review examines proton beam therapy(PBT) as a component of a combined modality program for locally advanced lung cancers. It was specifically written for the non-radiation oncologist who desires greater understanding of this newer treatment modality. This review describes and compares photon(X-ray) radiotherapy(XRT) to PBT. The physical differences of these beams are described and the clinical literature is reviewed. Protons can be used to create treatment plans delivering significantly lower doses of radiation to the adjacent organs at risk(lungs, esophagus, and bone marrow) than photons. Clinically, PBT combined with chemotherapy has resulted in low rates of toxicity comparedto XRT. Early results suggest a possible improvement in survival. The clinical results of proton therapy in lung cancer patients reveal relatively low rates of toxicity and possible survival benefits. One randomized study is being performed and another is planned to clarify the clinical differences in patient outcome for PBT compared to XRT. Along with the development of better systemic therapy, newer forms of radiotherapy such as PBT should positively impact the care of lung cancer patients. This review provides the reader with the current status of this new technology in treating locally advanced lung cancer.展开更多
Between October 1985 and June 1992 Postoperative kelolds of 125 Patients were treated with superficial X-ray (100-140 Kv) and electron beam (6 and 9 MeV ), in an attempt to prevent their recurrence, 100 patients with ...Between October 1985 and June 1992 Postoperative kelolds of 125 Patients were treated with superficial X-ray (100-140 Kv) and electron beam (6 and 9 MeV ), in an attempt to prevent their recurrence, 100 patients with 129 sites received a dose of 1200-4000 cGy at 200-300 cGy per fraction within one to four weeks and at intervals of one to three weeks between excision and irradiation. Rate of success In the prevention of kelold was only 28. 6% (37/ 129). However, 25 patients with 25 sites received a total dose of 1500 cGy at 500 cGy per fraction starting within one week after excision and at Intervals of 96 hours. The success rate was 84% (21/25).展开更多
Coronaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that infect both animals and humans.Even though the existence of coronavirus and its infection to humans is not new,the 2019-novel coronavirus(nCoV)caused a major burden to...Coronaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that infect both animals and humans.Even though the existence of coronavirus and its infection to humans is not new,the 2019-novel coronavirus(nCoV)caused a major burden to individuals and society i.e.,anxiety,fear of infection,extreme competition for hospitalization,and more importantly financial liability.The nCoV infection/disease diagnosis was based on non-specific signs and symptoms,biochemical parameters,detection of the virus using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR),and X-ray-based imaging.This review focuses on the consolidation of potentials of X-ray-based imaging modality[chest-X radiography(CXR)and chest computed tomography(CT)]and low-dose radiation therapy(LDRT)for screening,severity,and management of COVID-19 disease.Reported studies suggest that CXR contributed significantly toward initial rapid screening/diagnosis and CT-imaging to monitor the disease severity.The chest CT has high sensitivity up to 98%and low specificity for diagnosis and severity of COVID-19 disease compared to RT-PCR.Similarly,LDRT compliments drug therapy in the early recovery/Less hospital stays by maintaining the physiological parameters better than the drug therapy alone.All the results undoubtedly demonstrated the evidence that X-ray-based technology continues to evolve and play a significant role in human health care even during the pandemic.展开更多
Radiotherapy(RT)based on X-ray irradiation is a widely applied cancer treatment strategy in the clinic.However,treating cancer based on RT alone usually results in insufficient radiation energy deposition,which inevit...Radiotherapy(RT)based on X-ray irradiation is a widely applied cancer treatment strategy in the clinic.However,treating cancer based on RT alone usually results in insufficient radiation energy deposition,which inevitably has serious side effects on healthy parts of the body.Interestingly,high atomic number(high-Z)metal nanocrystals as X-ray sensitizers can reduce the radiation dose effectively due to their high X-ray absorption,which has attracted increased attention in recent years.High-Z metal nanocrystals produce Auger and photoelectrons electrons under X-ray irradiation,which could generate large amounts of reactive oxygen species,and induce cellular damages.The sensitization effect of high-Z metal nanocrystals is closely related with their composition,morphologies,and size,which would strongly impact their performances in the application of cancer imaging and therapy.In this review,we summarize diverse types of X-ray sensitizers such as bismuth,hafnium,gold,and gadolinium for cancer RT and imaging applications.In addition,current challenges and the outlook of RT based on high-Z metal nanocrystals are also discussed.展开更多
文摘目的:研究瘢痕疙瘩切除后行浅表放疗的最佳时机、研究影响其复发的因素。方法:分析105例瘢痕疙瘩切除后行浅表放疗的效果,分析性别、年龄、病变部位、瘢痕疙瘩面积、感染及放疗时机等与瘢痕疙瘩复发的关系。结果:术后2～6天,放疗有效率93.1%;术后7～10天,放疗有效率65.3%,差异有统计学意义;多因素Logi sti c回归分析筛选出影响瘢痕疙瘩复发的因素是放疗时机、瘢痕疙瘩面积;放疗时间OR=3.82(P<0.05),病变面积哑变量1的OR=5.36(P>0.05,)病变面积哑变量2的OR=8.69(P<0.05)。结论:瘢痕疙瘩切除术后2～6天行浅表放疗是防止瘢痕增生及瘢痕疙瘩复发的有效方法;瘢痕疙瘩的复发可能与瘢痕疙瘩病变面积有关。
文摘BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars and keloid treatment is a major problem in plastic surgery.While small keloids can be treated with resection followed by radiotherapy,large keloids require treatment with a tissue expander.Conventional methods increase the need for auxiliary incisions,causing new scar hyperplasia.AIM To introduce a new method for the treatment of keloids with an expander.METHODS Between 2018 and 2021,we performed surgeries to treat large keloids in nine patients with a two-stage approach.In the first stage,an intrascar incision was made in the keloid,and a customized expander was implanted under the keloid and the surrounding normal skin.A period of 3-6 mo was allowed for skin expansion.In the second stage,after the initial incision healed,a follow-up surgery was performed to remove the expander,resect the keloid,and repair the expanded skin flap.To accomplish this,an incision was made along the scar boundary to avoid making a new surgical incision and creating new scars.Superficial radiotherapy was then performed postoperatively.RESULTS Two patients had anterior chest keloids.After treatment,the anterior chest incision was broken repeatedly and then sutured again after debridement.It healed smoothly without scar hyperplasia.Keloids were successfully removed in 7 patients without recurrence.CONCLUSION This method was performed through a keloid incision and with a custom expander embedded.After full expansion,the keloid was directly resected using a linear suture,which avoids new surgical incisions and scars and can successfully remove large-area keloids.The treatment is effective,providing new insights and strategies for the treatment of similar large-area keloid and hypertrophic scar cases in the future.
基金Supported by Mayo Clinic provided the authors the time to write this manuscript.Conflict of Interest Statement:None of the authors has a conflict of interest regarding this manuscript
文摘Protons interact with human tissue differently than do photons and these differences can be exploited in an attempt to improve the care of lung cancer patients. This review examines proton beam therapy(PBT) as a component of a combined modality program for locally advanced lung cancers. It was specifically written for the non-radiation oncologist who desires greater understanding of this newer treatment modality. This review describes and compares photon(X-ray) radiotherapy(XRT) to PBT. The physical differences of these beams are described and the clinical literature is reviewed. Protons can be used to create treatment plans delivering significantly lower doses of radiation to the adjacent organs at risk(lungs, esophagus, and bone marrow) than photons. Clinically, PBT combined with chemotherapy has resulted in low rates of toxicity comparedto XRT. Early results suggest a possible improvement in survival. The clinical results of proton therapy in lung cancer patients reveal relatively low rates of toxicity and possible survival benefits. One randomized study is being performed and another is planned to clarify the clinical differences in patient outcome for PBT compared to XRT. Along with the development of better systemic therapy, newer forms of radiotherapy such as PBT should positively impact the care of lung cancer patients. This review provides the reader with the current status of this new technology in treating locally advanced lung cancer.
文摘Between October 1985 and June 1992 Postoperative kelolds of 125 Patients were treated with superficial X-ray (100-140 Kv) and electron beam (6 and 9 MeV ), in an attempt to prevent their recurrence, 100 patients with 129 sites received a dose of 1200-4000 cGy at 200-300 cGy per fraction within one to four weeks and at intervals of one to three weeks between excision and irradiation. Rate of success In the prevention of kelold was only 28. 6% (37/ 129). However, 25 patients with 25 sites received a total dose of 1500 cGy at 500 cGy per fraction starting within one week after excision and at Intervals of 96 hours. The success rate was 84% (21/25).
文摘Coronaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that infect both animals and humans.Even though the existence of coronavirus and its infection to humans is not new,the 2019-novel coronavirus(nCoV)caused a major burden to individuals and society i.e.,anxiety,fear of infection,extreme competition for hospitalization,and more importantly financial liability.The nCoV infection/disease diagnosis was based on non-specific signs and symptoms,biochemical parameters,detection of the virus using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR),and X-ray-based imaging.This review focuses on the consolidation of potentials of X-ray-based imaging modality[chest-X radiography(CXR)and chest computed tomography(CT)]and low-dose radiation therapy(LDRT)for screening,severity,and management of COVID-19 disease.Reported studies suggest that CXR contributed significantly toward initial rapid screening/diagnosis and CT-imaging to monitor the disease severity.The chest CT has high sensitivity up to 98%and low specificity for diagnosis and severity of COVID-19 disease compared to RT-PCR.Similarly,LDRT compliments drug therapy in the early recovery/Less hospital stays by maintaining the physiological parameters better than the drug therapy alone.All the results undoubtedly demonstrated the evidence that X-ray-based technology continues to evolve and play a significant role in human health care even during the pandemic.
基金We gratefully acknowledge support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21674116 and 21874024)the joint research projects of Health and Education Commission of Fujian Province(No.2019-WJ-20).
文摘Radiotherapy(RT)based on X-ray irradiation is a widely applied cancer treatment strategy in the clinic.However,treating cancer based on RT alone usually results in insufficient radiation energy deposition,which inevitably has serious side effects on healthy parts of the body.Interestingly,high atomic number(high-Z)metal nanocrystals as X-ray sensitizers can reduce the radiation dose effectively due to their high X-ray absorption,which has attracted increased attention in recent years.High-Z metal nanocrystals produce Auger and photoelectrons electrons under X-ray irradiation,which could generate large amounts of reactive oxygen species,and induce cellular damages.The sensitization effect of high-Z metal nanocrystals is closely related with their composition,morphologies,and size,which would strongly impact their performances in the application of cancer imaging and therapy.In this review,we summarize diverse types of X-ray sensitizers such as bismuth,hafnium,gold,and gadolinium for cancer RT and imaging applications.In addition,current challenges and the outlook of RT based on high-Z metal nanocrystals are also discussed.
