超流^3He系统的表面拓扑结构的几个注记

本文讨论在圆膜状和球面边界条件下,超流~3He系统诸相的纯表面缺陷的拓扑结构,给出相应的点缺陷和线缺陷的拓扑量子数.本文发现,边界条件对于~3He系统的拓扑结构的影响十分重要.

Nucleon ~3pF_2 Superfluid Pairing Gap in Asymmetry Nuclear Matter

The 3 P F2 superfluidity of neutron and proton is investigated in isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter within the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach and the BCS theory by adopting the Argonne V14 and the Argonne V18 nucleonnucleon interactions. We find that pairing gaps in the 3PF2 channel predicted by adopting the AV14 interaction are much larger than those by the AV18 interaction. As the isospin-asymmetry increases, the neutron 3 pF2 superfluidity is found to increase rapidly, whereas the proton one turns out to decrease and may even vanish at high enough asymmetries. As a consequence, the neutron 3pF2 superfluidity is much stronger than the proton one at high asymmetries and it predominates over the proton one in dense neutron-rich matter.

^3PF2 neutron superfluidity in neutron stars and three-body force effect

We investigate the ^3PF2 neutron superfluidity in H-stable neutron star matter and neutron stars by using the BCS theory and the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach. We adopt the Argonne V18 potential supplemented with a microscopic three-body force as the realistic nucleon-nucleon interaction. We have concentrated on studying the threebody force effect on the ^3PF2 neutron pairing gap. It is found that the three-body force effect is to enhance remarkably the ^3PF2 neutron superfluidity in neutron star matter and neutron stars.

超流研究的历史回顾

回顾了超流发现的历史 .介绍了超流的一些现象、理论以及新近的研究结果 .强调指出超流与超导一样是一种宏观量子现象 .

Sub-millikelvin station at Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility

The Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is in charge of the construction of the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility （SECUF） in Huairou, Beijing. The SECUF is a comprehensive facility focused on providing extreme physical conditions for scientific research, including an ultralow temperature, ultrahigh pressure, ultrahigh magnetic field, and ultrafast laser. The ultralow temperature will be realized by the sub-millikelvin （sub-mK） station, whose main component is an adiabatic nuclear demagnetization refrigerator （ANDR）. The refrigerator is designed to have a base temperature below 1 mK and a magnetic field up to 16 T for experiments, as well as a characteristic parameter of B/T ≥-104 T/K. In this review, we introduce adiabatic nuclear demagnetization refrigeration, thermometry from 10 mK to sub-mK, the properties and parameters of the ANDR of the SECUF, and related prospective research topics.

^3He超流相的发现——1996年诺贝尔物理奖介绍

美国Ｃｏｒｎｅｌ大学的ＤａｖｉｄＭ．Ｌｅｅ教授，Ｓｔａｎｆｏｒｄ大学的ＤｏｕｇｌａｓＤ．Ｏｓｈｅｒｏｆ教授和Ｃｏｒｎｅｌ大学的ＲｏｂｅｒｔＣ．Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓｏｎ教授由于１９７１年发现３Ｈｅ超流相而荣获１９９６年诺贝尔物理奖．文章介绍了该发现的背景。