We present initial results on the temporal evolution of the phase space density (PSD) of the outer radiation belt energetic electrons driven by the superluminous R-X mode waves. We calculate diffusion rates in pitch a...We present initial results on the temporal evolution of the phase space density (PSD) of the outer radiation belt energetic electrons driven by the superluminous R-X mode waves. We calculate diffusion rates in pitch angle and momentum assuming the standard Gaussian distributions in both wave frequency and wave normal angle at the location L=6.5. We solve a 2D momentum-pitch-angle Fokker-Planck equation using those diffusion rates as inputs. Numerical results show that R-X mode can produce significant acceleration of relativistic electrons around geostationary orbit,supporting previous findings that superluminous waves potentially contribute to dramatic variation in the outer radiation belt electron dynamics.展开更多
The propagation of narrow packets of electromagnetic waves(EMWs) in frequency dispersive medium with the consideration of the complex refractive index is studied. It is shown that counting in the dispersion of the c...The propagation of narrow packets of electromagnetic waves(EMWs) in frequency dispersive medium with the consideration of the complex refractive index is studied. It is shown that counting in the dispersion of the complex refractive index within the context of the conventional expression of the group velocity of narrow wave packets of EMWs propagating in a dispersive medium results in the appearance of additional constraints on the group velocity, which dictates that the physically acceptable group velocity can only be realized in the case of a negligible imaginary part of the group index. In this paper, the conditions that allow one to realize the physically acceptable group velocity are formulated and analyzed numerically for the relevant model of the refractive index of a system of two-level atoms in the optical frequency range. It is shown that in the frequency band where superluminal light propagation is expected, there is a strong dispersion of the refractive index that is accompanied with strong absorption, resulting in a strongly attenuated superluminal light.展开更多
Nikola Tesla是现代科技文明的创始人之一;他的标量波不但可用于能量和信息传输,而且非常有趣。如所周知无线电波和光波都是横波,但Tesla标量波更像电磁势在传播方向上的扩张和收缩。在电磁理论研究中,实验均证明了矢势和标势的物理实在...Nikola Tesla是现代科技文明的创始人之一;他的标量波不但可用于能量和信息传输,而且非常有趣。如所周知无线电波和光波都是横波,但Tesla标量波更像电磁势在传播方向上的扩张和收缩。在电磁理论研究中,实验均证明了矢势和标势的物理实在性,这是对Tesla标量波理念的支持。我们已知像Aharonov-Bohm效应和量子纠缠态这类非力效应的情况,Tesla标量波也是这种效应。本文提出了Tesla波可能有超光速性的原因:首先是Aharonov-Bohm效应具有量子力学非局域性;其次是类消失态的近场效应;因此Tesla纵波以超光速传播是可能的。但还应做更多的实验。展开更多
A.Einstein对量子力学(QM)的反对态度从1926年开始显露,1935年与B.Podolsky、N.Rosen联合发表论文时达到顶点,而EPR论文后来是从反面促进了科学的发展。该文以狭义相对论(SR)为思想基础,而SR和EPR都否定超光速的可能性。但QM允许超光速...A.Einstein对量子力学(QM)的反对态度从1926年开始显露,1935年与B.Podolsky、N.Rosen联合发表论文时达到顶点,而EPR论文后来是从反面促进了科学的发展。该文以狭义相对论(SR)为思想基础,而SR和EPR都否定超光速的可能性。但QM允许超光速存在,并与研究超光速的前提即QM非局域性一致。1985年John Bell说,Bell不等式是分析EPR推论的产物,该推论说在EPR文章条件下不应存在超距作用;但那些条件导致QM预示的奇特相关性。Aspect实验的结果是在预料之中的,因为QM从未错过,现在知道即使在苛刻的条件下它也不会错;可以肯定实验证明了Einstein的观念站不住脚。Bell认为在进退两难的处境下可以回到Lorentz和Poincarè,他们的以太是一种特惠参考系,在其中事物可以比光快。Bell指出正是EPR给出了超光速的预期。……1992年以来有多个超光速实验成功的报道,有的以量子隧穿为基础,有的利用经典物理现象(如消失波、反常色散)。而在2008年,D.Salart等用处于纠缠态的相距18km的2个光子完成的实验证明其相互作用的速度比光速大一万倍以上,为104c~107c;可以说此实验对有关EPR的长期争论作了结论。过去25年来,量子超光速性是笔者的主要研究课题之一。1985年我们提出了量子势垒的等效电路模型;1991年我们最早指出截止波导中消失波模有负相速(vp<0)和负群速(vg<0)现象,笔者的专著《截止波导理论导论》获全国优秀科技著作奖。2003年我们用同轴光子晶体进行实验并观测到阻带中的超光速群速,为(1.5~2.4)c。2005年我们提出广义信息速度(General Information Velocity,GIV)和在2010年提出量子超光速性(Quantum Super-luminality,QS)两个概念,并建议改造现有的高能粒子加速器以寻找和发现超光速奇异电子。本文则较深刻地讨论了QS的若干问题,涉及微观粒子的速度定义、EPR思维与超光速研究的关系、量子纠缠态作用速度、量子隧穿的超光速性、负波速、Casimir效应的超光速性。文中指出Sommerfeld-Brillouin波速理论的意义和不足,用实验例说明量子光学(QO)方法与经典物理概念结合运用是重要的。自2000年以来的负群速实验常以某金属(如铯、钾、铷)的原子蒸汽状态作为受试对象,充分利用激光的高科技特性和手段,从而使之成为具有典型QO特征的现代物理实验,因而极不同于经典性质的物理实验。负群速不仅是超光速的特殊形态,而且普遍具有下述特征:输入脉冲进入媒质前,出口处即呈现输出脉冲峰,因而与经典因果性不同。虽然关于QS的知识和发现是丰富的和生动的,并且极有启发性,但它并不正面和直接地回答"物质、能量、信息能否以超光速传送"的问题。设计巧妙而有说服力的实验仍是科学家们的基本任务。展开更多
A.Einstein对量子力学(QM)的反对态度从1926年开始显露,1935年与B.Podolsky、N.Rosen联合发表论文时达到顶点,而EPR论文后来是从反面促进了科学的发展。该文以狭义相对论(SR)为思想基础,而SR和EPR都否定超光速的可能性。但QM允许超光速...A.Einstein对量子力学(QM)的反对态度从1926年开始显露,1935年与B.Podolsky、N.Rosen联合发表论文时达到顶点,而EPR论文后来是从反面促进了科学的发展。该文以狭义相对论(SR)为思想基础,而SR和EPR都否定超光速的可能性。但QM允许超光速存在,并与研究超光速的前提即QM非局域性一致。1985年John Bell说,Bell不等式是分析EPR推论的产物,该推论说在EPR文章条件下不应存在超距作用;但那些条件导致QM预示的奇特相关性。Aspect实验的结果是在预料之中的,因为QM从未错过,现在知道即使在苛刻的条件下它也不会错;可以肯定实验证明了Einstein的观念站不住脚。Bell认为在进退两难的处境下可以回到Lorentz和Poincarè,他们的以太是一种特惠参考系,在其中事物可以比光快。Bell指出正是EPR给出了超光速的预期。……1992年以来有多个超光速实验成功的报道,有的以量子隧穿为基础,有的利用经典物理现象(如消失波、反常色散)。而在2008年,D.Salart等用处于纠缠态的相距18km的2个光子完成的实验证明其相互作用的速度比光速大一万倍以上,为104c~107c;可以说此实验对有关EPR的长期争论作了结论。过去25年来,量子超光速性是笔者的主要研究课题之一。1985年我们提出了量子势垒的等效电路模型;1991年我们最早指出截止波导中消失波模有负相速(vp<0)和负群速(vg<0)现象,笔者的专著《截止波导理论导论》获全国优秀科技著作奖。2003年我们用同轴光子晶体进行实验并观测到阻带中的超光速群速,为(1.5~2.4)c。2005年我们提出广义信息速度(General Information Velocity,GIV)和在2010年提出量子超光速性(Quantum Super-luminality,QS)两个概念,并建议改造现有的高能粒子加速器以寻找和发现超光速奇异电子。本文则较深刻地讨论了QS的若干问题,涉及微观粒子的速度定义、EPR思维与超光速研究的关系、量子纠缠态作用速度、量子隧穿的超光速性、负波速、Casimir效应的超光速性。文中指出Sommerfeld-Brillouin波速理论的意义和不足,用实验例说明量子光学(QO)方法与经典物理概念结合运用是重要的。自2000年以来的负群速实验常以某金属(如铯、钾、铷)的原子蒸汽状态作为受试对象,充分利用激光的高科技特性和手段,从而使之成为具有典型QO特征的现代物理实验,因而极不同于经典性质的物理实验。负群速不仅是超光速的特殊形态,而且普遍具有下述特征:输入脉冲进入媒质前,出口处即呈现输出脉冲峰,因而与经典因果性不同。虽然关于QS的知识和发现是丰富的和生动的,并且极有启发性,但它并不正面和直接地回答"物质、能量、信息能否以超光速传送"的问题。设计巧妙而有说服力的实验仍是科学家们的基本任务。展开更多
The author indicates that even a conclusive confirmation of neutrino oscillation does not necessarily imply the existence of massive neutrinos. The negative value of neutrino mass-square may be an alternative key with...The author indicates that even a conclusive confirmation of neutrino oscillation does not necessarily imply the existence of massive neutrinos. The negative value of neutrino mass-square may be an alternative key with realistic physical meaning. Reexamining special relativity (SR) we find that there actually exists a formal phase velocity of "de Brogue’s wave" in temporal Lorentz transformation attributed to the intrinsical essence of Minkowski’s space. The properties of spacelike interval between two events have already included constrains to describe superluminal motion and SR is compatible with the faster-than-light motion originally in algebraic domain. Pay attention to that the operator representation, has just verified for subluminal particles, not for superlurninal particles, adhering to de Brogue’s coexistence idea between waves and particles, it is possible to deduce a formal two-component Weyl equation to describe any species of free neutrinos with imaginary rest mass, which is equivalent to making use of the Dirac equation for a free spin-1/2 particle with zero rest mass in form.展开更多
Entanglement and the tunnel effect phenomena have been repeatedly observed and are generically accepted under orthodox quantum mechanics formalism. However, they remain rather inexplicable in the context of spacetime ...Entanglement and the tunnel effect phenomena have been repeatedly observed and are generically accepted under orthodox quantum mechanics formalism. However, they remain rather inexplicable in the context of spacetime usual conceptualization. In the present work, we suggest an alternative quantum mechanics formalism, refining the pilot-wave theory initially proposed by de Broglie. We suggest that spacetime is an emergent phenomenon from a prior subquantum medium and that entanglement and the tunnel effect can be explained in terms of a nonlinear relation between space and time that is imposed by subquantum waves.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40774078,40925014,40874076and40931053)the Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry(Meteorology)GYHY200806024the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories of China.
文摘We present initial results on the temporal evolution of the phase space density (PSD) of the outer radiation belt energetic electrons driven by the superluminous R-X mode waves. We calculate diffusion rates in pitch angle and momentum assuming the standard Gaussian distributions in both wave frequency and wave normal angle at the location L=6.5. We solve a 2D momentum-pitch-angle Fokker-Planck equation using those diffusion rates as inputs. Numerical results show that R-X mode can produce significant acceleration of relativistic electrons around geostationary orbit,supporting previous findings that superluminous waves potentially contribute to dramatic variation in the outer radiation belt electron dynamics.
文摘The propagation of narrow packets of electromagnetic waves(EMWs) in frequency dispersive medium with the consideration of the complex refractive index is studied. It is shown that counting in the dispersion of the complex refractive index within the context of the conventional expression of the group velocity of narrow wave packets of EMWs propagating in a dispersive medium results in the appearance of additional constraints on the group velocity, which dictates that the physically acceptable group velocity can only be realized in the case of a negligible imaginary part of the group index. In this paper, the conditions that allow one to realize the physically acceptable group velocity are formulated and analyzed numerically for the relevant model of the refractive index of a system of two-level atoms in the optical frequency range. It is shown that in the frequency band where superluminal light propagation is expected, there is a strong dispersion of the refractive index that is accompanied with strong absorption, resulting in a strongly attenuated superluminal light.
文摘A.Einstein对量子力学(QM)的反对态度从1926年开始显露,1935年与B.Podolsky、N.Rosen联合发表论文时达到顶点,而EPR论文后来是从反面促进了科学的发展。该文以狭义相对论(SR)为思想基础,而SR和EPR都否定超光速的可能性。但QM允许超光速存在,并与研究超光速的前提即QM非局域性一致。1985年John Bell说,Bell不等式是分析EPR推论的产物,该推论说在EPR文章条件下不应存在超距作用;但那些条件导致QM预示的奇特相关性。Aspect实验的结果是在预料之中的,因为QM从未错过,现在知道即使在苛刻的条件下它也不会错;可以肯定实验证明了Einstein的观念站不住脚。Bell认为在进退两难的处境下可以回到Lorentz和Poincarè,他们的以太是一种特惠参考系,在其中事物可以比光快。Bell指出正是EPR给出了超光速的预期。……1992年以来有多个超光速实验成功的报道,有的以量子隧穿为基础,有的利用经典物理现象(如消失波、反常色散)。而在2008年,D.Salart等用处于纠缠态的相距18km的2个光子完成的实验证明其相互作用的速度比光速大一万倍以上,为104c~107c;可以说此实验对有关EPR的长期争论作了结论。过去25年来,量子超光速性是笔者的主要研究课题之一。1985年我们提出了量子势垒的等效电路模型;1991年我们最早指出截止波导中消失波模有负相速(vp<0)和负群速(vg<0)现象,笔者的专著《截止波导理论导论》获全国优秀科技著作奖。2003年我们用同轴光子晶体进行实验并观测到阻带中的超光速群速,为(1.5~2.4)c。2005年我们提出广义信息速度(General Information Velocity,GIV)和在2010年提出量子超光速性(Quantum Super-luminality,QS)两个概念,并建议改造现有的高能粒子加速器以寻找和发现超光速奇异电子。本文则较深刻地讨论了QS的若干问题,涉及微观粒子的速度定义、EPR思维与超光速研究的关系、量子纠缠态作用速度、量子隧穿的超光速性、负波速、Casimir效应的超光速性。文中指出Sommerfeld-Brillouin波速理论的意义和不足,用实验例说明量子光学(QO)方法与经典物理概念结合运用是重要的。自2000年以来的负群速实验常以某金属(如铯、钾、铷)的原子蒸汽状态作为受试对象,充分利用激光的高科技特性和手段,从而使之成为具有典型QO特征的现代物理实验,因而极不同于经典性质的物理实验。负群速不仅是超光速的特殊形态,而且普遍具有下述特征:输入脉冲进入媒质前,出口处即呈现输出脉冲峰,因而与经典因果性不同。虽然关于QS的知识和发现是丰富的和生动的,并且极有启发性,但它并不正面和直接地回答"物质、能量、信息能否以超光速传送"的问题。设计巧妙而有说服力的实验仍是科学家们的基本任务。
文摘A.Einstein对量子力学(QM)的反对态度从1926年开始显露,1935年与B.Podolsky、N.Rosen联合发表论文时达到顶点,而EPR论文后来是从反面促进了科学的发展。该文以狭义相对论(SR)为思想基础,而SR和EPR都否定超光速的可能性。但QM允许超光速存在,并与研究超光速的前提即QM非局域性一致。1985年John Bell说,Bell不等式是分析EPR推论的产物,该推论说在EPR文章条件下不应存在超距作用;但那些条件导致QM预示的奇特相关性。Aspect实验的结果是在预料之中的,因为QM从未错过,现在知道即使在苛刻的条件下它也不会错;可以肯定实验证明了Einstein的观念站不住脚。Bell认为在进退两难的处境下可以回到Lorentz和Poincarè,他们的以太是一种特惠参考系,在其中事物可以比光快。Bell指出正是EPR给出了超光速的预期。……1992年以来有多个超光速实验成功的报道,有的以量子隧穿为基础,有的利用经典物理现象(如消失波、反常色散)。而在2008年,D.Salart等用处于纠缠态的相距18km的2个光子完成的实验证明其相互作用的速度比光速大一万倍以上,为104c~107c;可以说此实验对有关EPR的长期争论作了结论。过去25年来,量子超光速性是笔者的主要研究课题之一。1985年我们提出了量子势垒的等效电路模型;1991年我们最早指出截止波导中消失波模有负相速(vp<0)和负群速(vg<0)现象,笔者的专著《截止波导理论导论》获全国优秀科技著作奖。2003年我们用同轴光子晶体进行实验并观测到阻带中的超光速群速,为(1.5~2.4)c。2005年我们提出广义信息速度(General Information Velocity,GIV)和在2010年提出量子超光速性(Quantum Super-luminality,QS)两个概念,并建议改造现有的高能粒子加速器以寻找和发现超光速奇异电子。本文则较深刻地讨论了QS的若干问题,涉及微观粒子的速度定义、EPR思维与超光速研究的关系、量子纠缠态作用速度、量子隧穿的超光速性、负波速、Casimir效应的超光速性。文中指出Sommerfeld-Brillouin波速理论的意义和不足,用实验例说明量子光学(QO)方法与经典物理概念结合运用是重要的。自2000年以来的负群速实验常以某金属(如铯、钾、铷)的原子蒸汽状态作为受试对象,充分利用激光的高科技特性和手段,从而使之成为具有典型QO特征的现代物理实验,因而极不同于经典性质的物理实验。负群速不仅是超光速的特殊形态,而且普遍具有下述特征:输入脉冲进入媒质前,出口处即呈现输出脉冲峰,因而与经典因果性不同。虽然关于QS的知识和发现是丰富的和生动的,并且极有启发性,但它并不正面和直接地回答"物质、能量、信息能否以超光速传送"的问题。设计巧妙而有说服力的实验仍是科学家们的基本任务。
文摘The author indicates that even a conclusive confirmation of neutrino oscillation does not necessarily imply the existence of massive neutrinos. The negative value of neutrino mass-square may be an alternative key with realistic physical meaning. Reexamining special relativity (SR) we find that there actually exists a formal phase velocity of "de Brogue’s wave" in temporal Lorentz transformation attributed to the intrinsical essence of Minkowski’s space. The properties of spacelike interval between two events have already included constrains to describe superluminal motion and SR is compatible with the faster-than-light motion originally in algebraic domain. Pay attention to that the operator representation, has just verified for subluminal particles, not for superlurninal particles, adhering to de Brogue’s coexistence idea between waves and particles, it is possible to deduce a formal two-component Weyl equation to describe any species of free neutrinos with imaginary rest mass, which is equivalent to making use of the Dirac equation for a free spin-1/2 particle with zero rest mass in form.
文摘Entanglement and the tunnel effect phenomena have been repeatedly observed and are generically accepted under orthodox quantum mechanics formalism. However, they remain rather inexplicable in the context of spacetime usual conceptualization. In the present work, we suggest an alternative quantum mechanics formalism, refining the pilot-wave theory initially proposed by de Broglie. We suggest that spacetime is an emergent phenomenon from a prior subquantum medium and that entanglement and the tunnel effect can be explained in terms of a nonlinear relation between space and time that is imposed by subquantum waves.