Propagations of Rayleigh and Love waves in ZnO films/glass substrates analyzed by three-dimensional finite element method

Propagation characteristics of surface acoustic waves（SAWs） in ZnO films/glass substrates are theoretically investigated by the three-dimensional（3D） finite element method. At first, for（11ˉ20） ZnO films/glass substrates, the simulation results confirm that the Rayleigh waves along the [0001] direction and Love waves along the [1ˉ100] direction are successfully excited in the multilayered structures. Next, the crystal orientations of the ZnO films are rotated, and the influences of ZnO films with different crystal orientations on SAW characterizations, including the phase velocity, electromechanical coupling coefficient, and temperature coefficient of frequency, are investigated. The results show that at appropriate h/λ, Rayleigh wave has a maximum k^2 of 2.4% in（90°, 56.5°, 0°） ZnO film/glass substrate structure; Love wave has a maximum k^2 of 3.81% in（56°, 90°, 0°） ZnO film/glass substrate structure. Meantime, for Rayleigh wave and Love wave devices, zero temperature coefficient of frequency（TCF） can be achieved at appropriate ratio of film thickness to SAW wavelength. These results show that SAW devices with higher k^2 or lower TCF can be fabricated by flexibly selecting the crystal orientations of ZnO films on glass substrates.

PREDICTION OF ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE IN EXPANSION CHAMBER MUFFLERS WITH MEAN FLOW BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

The equation of wave propagation in a circular chamber with mean flow is obtained. Computational solution based on finite element method is employed to determine the transmission loss of expansive chamber. The effect of the mean flow and geometry (length of expansion chamber and expansion ratio)on acoustic attenuation performance is discussed, the predicted values of transmission loss of expansion chamber without and with mean flow are compared with those reported in the literature and they agree well. The accuracy of the prediction of transmission loss implies that finite element approximations are applicable to a lot of practical applications.

Dynamic Adaptive Finite Element Analysis of Acoustic Wave Propagation Due to Underwater Explosion for Fluid-structure Interaction Problems

在这份报纸，进附近的结构上的水和他们的效果里的远域爆炸波浪的繁殖的调查被执行。为远域结构，包围结构的液体的运动可以被假定小，允许管理液体方程的 linearization。这个问题的完全的分析必须在包围液体包含结构和爆炸波浪的繁殖的动态反应的同时的答案。在这研究，一个动态适应有限元素过程被建议。它到一个 2D 液体结构相互作用的解决方案的应用程序在时间域被调查。研究包括：一) 计算远地散布波浪由于在水下看情况时间的声学的波浪方程的爆炸包括答案， b ) 用联合 Euler-Lagrangian 途径的液体结构相互作用分析，和 c ) 适应有限元素过程采用错误估计，并且重新协调。时间的网孔改编被格子的本地新生基于压力功能的弯曲用时间依赖者错误指示物完成。作为结果，全面反应被一个动人的网孔更好比一个相等的一致网孔预言。另外，当精确性被改进时，为大问题的计算的费用被减少。

Finite Element Analysis in Combination with Perfectly Matched Layer to the Numerical Modeling of Acoustic Devices in Piezoelectric Materials

The characterization of finite length Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) and Bulk acoustic Wave (BAW) resonators is addressed here. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) induces artificial wave reflections at the edges of the mesh. In fact, these ones do not contribute in practice to the corresponding experimental response. The Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) method, allows to suppress the boundary reflections. In this work, we first demonstrate the basis of PML adapted to FEA formalism. Next, the results of such a method are depicted allowing a discussion on the behavior of finite acoustic resonators.

Adaptive Lagrange finite element methods for high precision vibrations and piezoelectric acoustic wave computations in SMT structures and plates with nano interfaces

This paper discusses the validity of (adaptive) Lagrange generalized plain finite element method (FEM) and plate element method for accurate analysis of acoustic waves in multi-layered piezoelectric structures with tiny interfaces between metal electrodes and surface mounted piezoelectric substrates. We have come to conclusion that the quantitative relationships between the acoustic and electric fields in a piezoelectric structure can be accurately determined through the proposed finite element methods. The higher-order Lagrange FEM proposed for dynamic piezoelectric computation is proved to be very accurate (prescribed relative error 0.02% - 0.04% ) and a great improvement in convergence accuracy over the higher order Mindlin plate element method for piezoelectric structural analysis due to the assumptions and corrections in the plate theories.The converged lagrange finite element methods are compared with the plate element methods and the computedresults are in good agreement with available exact and experimental data. The adaptive Lagrange finite elementmethods and a new FEA computer program developed for macro- and micro-scale analyses are reviewed, and recently extended with great potential to high-precision nano-scale analysis in this paper and the similarities between piezoelectric and seismic wave propagations in layered structures and plates are stressed.

Enhanced scattering of acoustic waves at interfaces

We propose a general method to realize a total scattering of an incident acoustic wave at interfaces between different media while allowing the flow of air, fluids and/or particles. This originates from the enlargement of the equivalent acoustic scattering cross section of an embedded object coated with acoustic metamaterials, which causes the coated object to behave as a scatterer bigger than its physical size. We theoretically design a model circular cylindrical object coated with such meta- materials whose properties are determined according to two different, but identical, methods. The desired function is confirmed for both far-field and near-field cases with full wave simulations based on the finite element method. This work reveals a promising way to achieve noise shielding and naval camouflage.

Characteristics of surface acoustic waves in (1120) ZnO film/R-sapphire substrate structures

surface acoustic wave;;(1120)ZnO films;;R-sapphire;;finite element

Finite element equations and numerical simulation of elastic wave propagation in two-phase anisotropic media

Based on Biot theory of two-phase anisotropic media and Hamilton theory about dynamic problem,finite element equations of elastic wave propagation in two-phase anisotropic media are derived in this paper.Numerical solution of finite element equations is given.Finally,Properties of elastic wave propagation are observed and analyzed through FEM modeling.

高载能超声骨刀的优化设计与性能评估

针对超声骨刀在手术过程中切割效率低和产生骨组织热损伤的问题,设计了具有二级放大结构的高载能超声骨刀。基于驻波理论的等效长度法,结合有限元仿真对其二级放大结构进行设计和优化,测试了其振动性能并进行了骨切割试验。结果表明:具有二级放大结构的超声骨刀的谐振频率为23306 Hz,振幅为140μm,骨切割表面平整且无损伤,满足临床手术需求。

基于声电类比的低频消音结构优化设计

基于声电类比,设计了与电滤波器性能相似的低频消音结构,并结合传递矩阵法和模拟退火法,构造了声学结构的优化设计策略。首先,采用归一化方法,以四阶切比雪夫高通电滤波器为基准,设计了电学带阻滤波器;然后,基于声电类比,将电路中的电感电容转换为声学结构中的细管和圆柱腔,构造了消音结构原型,并利用传递矩阵法,建立其数学模型,推导声波传递损失表达式;最后,结合声学结构的数学模型和模拟退火法,以有效衰减带宽最大为目标,以消音结构的尺寸参数为变量,对原型结构进行优化设计。结果表明:基于声电类比,能获得合理的消音结构原型,克服了仅依靠经典消音结构进行设计的局限;结合推导的传递损失数学模型和模拟退火法,对消音结构原型进行参数优化,能显著提高其消音效果,表现在传递损失超过20 dB的带宽拓宽至410~2 165 Hz,是优化前带宽的202%,特别是优化后的结构克服了原型结构在466~537 Hz频率内不能实现有效消音的缺陷,获得了连续的大跨度有效带宽,且传递损失曲线平均增幅达22.8%。

消声室传声路径校准中传声路径位置偏差的影响因素研究

消声室声学测量作为衡量产品声学特性的重要手段,其性能直接影响相关声学试验准确度。测量过程的准确性不仅受理论计算限制,还受实际测量过程影响。由于传声装置和钢丝绳的自重,传声路径从理想直线变形为曲线,进而影响声学性能测量的精确性。因此,对于消声室传声路径的校准工作尤为重要。利用有限元仿真重点研究绳长、松紧度和倾角对传声路径的影响,通过相应实验验证仿真模型的准确性,并通过横向对比参数,研究不同参数对于传声路径的具体影响。针对参数对传声路径偏差的研究,从多角度为传声路径误差校准提供了思路,有助于提高消声室测量装置的精度,在一定程度上促进消声室高精度全自动校准系统的发展。

边缘空气层薄膜体声波谐振器的设计与制备

压电薄膜存在固有的对压电效应的非线性迟滞响应,并且声波有向边缘传播的横波分量,二者都会产生声波的能量损耗。该文设计了一种具有边缘空气层结构的单晶氮化铝薄膜体声波谐振器,可以减小非线性迟滞的机电损耗并阻止横波能量泄露,提高谐振器的品质因数。使用COMSOL对设计的器件进行有限元模拟仿真,并成功制备出具有边缘空气层结构的谐振器进行测试验证。

基于Virtual.Lab Acoustics的蜂窝夹层板结构传声特性分析

针对蜂窝夹层板进行传声特性仿真计算分析。基于声学间接边界元理论,利用有限元软件Patran进行夹层板的三维实体建模和模态分析,采用声学软件Virtual.Lab Acoustics计算结构的传声性能,得到场点声压分布、构件两侧声压级差和结构隔声量曲线。在此基础上系统地探讨面板厚度和密度以及芯层高度、壁厚及壁长五个设计参量对蜂窝夹层板传声性能的影响。结果显示,面板厚度与芯层高度对结构在低频段尤其是刚度控制区域的隔声性能影响显著。

Influence of adhesive layer properties on laser-generated ultrasonic waves in thin bonded plates

This paper studies quantitatively the generation of Lamb waves in thin bonded plates subjected to laser illumination, after considering the viscoelasticity of the adhesive layer. The displacements of such plates have been calculated in the frequency domain by using the finite element method, and the time domain response has been reconstructed by applying an inverse fast Fourier transform. Numerical results are presented showing the normal surface displacement for several configurations： a single aluminum plate, a three-layer bonded plate, and a two-layer plate. The characteristics of the laser-generated Lamb waves for each particular case have been investigated. In addition, the sensitivity of the transient responses to variations of material properties （elastic modulus, viscoelastic modulus, and thickness） of the adhesive layer has been studied in detail.

基于不同桩基模拟方式的大块式基础动力数值分析

为了更合理预测采用桩基的大块式基础的动力特性,建立桩基仿真模型并与桩-土动力试验相互验证,对组合桩基模型与大块式基础模型进行有限元数值分析,同时参考设计院所使用以弹簧单元模拟桩基的方式,建立数值模型并进行分析,探讨不同的桩基模拟方式对大块式基础动力特性的影响。研究结果表明:使用弹簧单元模拟桩基的方式忽略桩土质量、阻尼的影响,会造成大块式基础振型缺失、自振频率整体偏大、强迫振动响应被放大;使用桩基仿真模型更能反映大块式基础动力特性但计算成本增加。上述结论可为采用桩基的大块式基础动力特性研究提供参考。

基于车用永磁同步电机转子结构的电磁噪声优化仿真分析

针对目标电机低速加速段中存在明显类似“口哨”的高频噪声的问题及电机量产降本原则,将48槽8极峰值功率62 kW的乘用车前驱动电机作为案例进行电磁方案设计。基于设计指标及存在问题设计了定子结构相同内置式转子拓扑结构不同的优化方案,推导计算了两电机方案气隙磁场幅值波形时空分布方程及电磁力表达式,建立了两电机方案有限元模型及电磁-结构声场耦合模型,仿真分析比较两电机气隙磁密及径向电磁力谐波含量。基于仿真结果得到优化方案,在不牺牲电磁性能的前提下削弱了低速段加速过程的0阶6f1径向电磁力,并使磁钢用量从1.474 kg降低到了1.371 kg,实现了降本目的。最后分别制作样机进行实验验证,结果表明优化方案明显削弱了低速段径向振动,降低了24倍频电磁噪声,与仿真结果相吻合。

高过载下环氧树脂保护作用分析

为了研究环氧树脂在高过载环境下对弹体内关键零部件的保护作用,使用Ls-dyna有限元软件对同等外径下三种高度的灌封体在三种不同速度下的九种工况进行冲击过载仿真,用以确定应力波在高度范围内的传递衰减特性,选择所受应力最小的高度范围作为放置线路板的最佳高度。在最佳高度范围内加入线路板对整体灌封组进行冲击过载仿真实验,分析线路板周围应力分布及灌封胶对线路板的保护作用;之后通过冲击试验台对灌封组件进行了冲击过载试验,检测结果表明线路板遭受高过载后功能性完好。

微型FBAR器件性能优化设计

利用有限元仿真软件建立了薄膜体声波谐振器模型,研究了不同谐振面积(3600~10000μm^(2))条件下,电极形状(矩形、梯形、圆形和正五边形)及变迹角(30°、36°、40°和45°)对寄生谐振的影响,得到史密斯阻抗曲线和不圆度值,讨论了阶梯负载结构对横向声波泄露的抑制作用。仿真结果表明,电极形状为非正五边形,变迹角为40°时,对寄生谐振的抑制效果最好;在谐振面积为3600μm^(2)时,其不圆度为6.45%,与谐振面积为10000μm^(2)时矩形电极相当。设计的电极阶梯负载结构提升了并联谐振点处的品质因数,当电极横向尺寸为60μm时,二阶电极负载结构的品质因数为1378,比无电极负载结构的品质因数高10.07%。

双阶梯型薄膜体声波谐振器有限元仿真分析

为了抑制薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)的寄生谐振同时满足5G通信的高频需求,基于Comsol Multiphysics仿真软件建立薄膜体声波谐振器的二维和三维有限元模型,研究了压电材料、电极横向尺寸和电极形状对寄生谐振的影响,并讨论了电极框架结构对FBAR并联谐振频率(f_(p))处的品质因数(Q_(p))的影响。基于分析,提出并设计了一种双阶梯电极框架结构的FBAR,该结构的FBAR以AlN为压电材料,电极形状为五边形,中心频率为3.504 GHz,串联谐振频率为3.467 GHz,并联谐振频率为3.541 GHz,Q_(p)为1591。Q_(p)与未优化的FBAR相比提高了19.2%,实现了对寄生谐振的有效抑制。

锰铜阻尼合金的非线性力学特性特征参数确定方法

锰铜阻尼合金非线性力学特性的特征变化规律已被广泛研究,但如何通过仿真准确描述其非线性力学行为,并对由其制成的结构件进行设计与优化,是对其进行工程应用研究的前提与关键。基于超弹性模型和并联流变模型(Parallel Rheological Framework,PRF),描述一种典型孪晶型阻尼合金材料的非线性力学特性,重点讨论由单轴拉伸试验和动态机械分析(Dynamic Mechanical Analysis,DMA)试验确定PRF模型特征参数的方法:通过拟合单轴拉伸试验数据得到超弹性模型参数;基于多应变DMA三点弯曲频率扫描实验,通过实验数据拟合得到线性黏弹性Prony级数模型,通过PRF模型进行参数转换,将线性黏弹性模型参数转化为非线性PRF模型初始参数;结合超弹性模型,采用Isight软件对PRF模型参数进行优化,确定锰铜阻尼合金的非线性力学特性特征参数;最后,在Ω型锰铜阻尼合金支座的顶部施加竖向扫频激励,通过扫频试验数据和仿真计算结果对比,验证该锰铜阻尼合金材料的非线性力学模型在实际仿真应用中的可靠性。结果表明,PRF模型可较好模拟锰铜阻尼合金非线性动态力学行为,为锰铜阻尼合金结构设计提供更高精度的仿真结果。