A Pre-Selection-Based Ant Colony System for Integrated Resources Scheduling Problem at Marine Container Terminal

Marine container terminal(MCT)plays a key role in the marine intelligent transportation system and international logistics system.However,the efficiency of resource scheduling significantly influences the operation performance of MCT.To solve the practical resource scheduling problem(RSP)in MCT efficiently,this paper has contributions to both the problem model and the algorithm design.Firstly,in the problem model,different from most of the existing studies that only consider scheduling part of the resources in MCT,we propose a unified mathematical model for formulating an integrated RSP.The new integrated RSP model allocates and schedules multiple MCT resources simultaneously by taking the total cost minimization as the objective.Secondly,in the algorithm design,a pre-selection-based ant colony system(PACS)approach is proposed based on graphic structure solution representation and a pre-selection strategy.On the one hand,as the RSP can be formulated as the shortest path problem on the directed complete graph,the graphic structure is proposed to represent the solution encoding to consider multiple constraints and multiple factors of the RSP,which effectively avoids the generation of infeasible solutions.On the other hand,the pre-selection strategy aims to reduce the computational burden of PACS and to fast obtain a higher-quality solution.To evaluate the performance of the proposed novel PACS in solving the new integrated RSP model,a set of test cases with different sizes is conducted.Experimental results and comparisons show the effectiveness and efficiency of the PACS algorithm,which can significantly outperform other state-of-the-art algorithms.

Traffic condition estimation with pre-selection space time model

A pre-selection space time model was proposed to estimate the traffic condition at poor-data-detector,especially non-detector locations.The space time model is better to integrate the spatial and temporal information comprehensibly.Firstly,the influencing factors of the "cause nodes" were studied,and then the pre-selection "cause nodes" procedure which utilizes the Pearson correlation coefficient to evaluate the relevancy of the traffic data was introduced.Finally,only the most relevant data were collected to compose the space time model.The experimental results with the actual data demonstrate that the model performs better than other three models.

A Spectrum Prediction-Based Frequency Band Pre-Selection over Deteriorating HF Electromagnetic Environment

As the earliest invented and utilized communication approach, shortwave, known as high frequency(HF) communication now experience the deterioration of HF electromagnetic environment. Finding quality frequency in efficient manner becomes one of the key challenges in HF communication. Spectrum prediction infers the future spectrum status from history spectrum data by exploring the inherent correlations and regularities. The investigation of HF electromagnetic environment data reveals the correlations and predictability of HF frequency band in both time and frequency domain. To solve this problem, we develop a Spectrum Prediction-based Frequency Band Pre-selection(SP-FBP) for HF communications. The pre-selection of HF frequency band mainly incorporated in prediction of HF spectrum occupancy and prediction of HF usable frequency, which provide the frequency band ranking of spectrum occupancy and alternative frequency for spectrum sensing, respectively. Performance evaluation via real-world HF spectrum data shows that SP-FBP significantly improves the efficiency of finding quality frequency in HF communications.

区块链技术下三级供应链融资策略演化博弈研究

区块链技术的应用能有效缓解中小企业融资难、融资贵的问题,但区块链技术在中小企业融资中的应用并不广泛。构建由资金受限的中小企业一级供应商、二级供应商和核心企业零售商组成的供应链订单转保理融资三方演化博弈模型,将传统融资模式和区块链融资模式作为策略集,分析区块链技术成本、应收账款账期、担保费率等因素对系统融资演化和供应链成员融资决策的影响。结果表明:一级供应商选择区块链融资模式的意愿最强、零售商次之、二级供应商最低,系统融资策略向区块链融资模式演化,二级供应商的决策起决定作用;区块链成本过高、应收账款账期过长和担保费率过高是区块链技术在中小企业融资中应用不广泛的主要原因,将区块链成本、应收账款账期和担保费率控制在合理范围,保护各级供应商尤其是二级供应商的利益,有利于区块链技术在中小企业融资中的应用。为促进区块链技术在中小企业融资中的应用和推广,建议各企业将上下游企业的长远合作关系视为共同发展的基础;科技公司结合相关政策将其他金融科技与区块链技术相融合;政府加强对区块链技术应用的引导和规范。

Selection Model in Buyer-Supplier Relationships

This paper proposes a new method of selecting appropriate buyer supplier relationships (BSR) for specific projects. Because it is almost impossible in reality to establish mathematical relationships between the BSR attributes and the factors of a project, the concept of relationship indices (RI) is introduced to quantify such BSR which are in turn established through design of experiments. Based on the experimental results, the contributions of project factors, known as factors relationship worths (RW...

Impact analysis of supplier relationship on supply chain resilience using biological cellular resilience theory

A supply chain resilience model is established based on the biological cellular resilience theory to analyze the impact of the supplier relationship on supply chain resilience. A scenario where the market demand is changed suddenly by some undesired events is considered. The results reveal that enhancing collaboration with a more resilient supplier can significantly improve supply chain resilience and reduce supply chain losses. It is also found that enhancing the supplier relationship can significantly benefit supply chain resilience if the collaborative intensity is relatively low, and it has less effect if supply chain members have already collaborated closely. Thus, enhancing the supplier relationship to a limited intensity is a relatively effective and economic method to strengthen supply chain resilience.

Comparative Study on the Dwarfing Pre-selected Indices of Pear Germplasms with Different Growth Potentials

[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for breeding selection, matching parents and the identification of traits during early period. [ Method ] With Shanli （ Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim） , S2 × Shanli （vigorous）, S2 x ShanU （dwarfing）, S2, super-dwarfing germplasm as the matedais, the dwarfing traits of each germplasm were identified by indices including leaf stomata density, branch-cortex ratio, leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, paisade-spongy ratio and vessel density. [Result] Among five kinds of pear germplasms, Shanli with strong growth potential had the smallest branch-cortex ratio, leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness and palisade-spengy ratio, but the largest stomata density and vessel density. On the contrary, super-dwarfing germplasm with weak growth potential had the largest branch-cortex ratio, leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness and palisade-spongy ratio, but the smallest stomata density and vessel density. There was a difference in stomata density, branch-cortex ratio, leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, palisade-spongy ratio and vessel density for every germplasm. [ Conclusion] Stomata density, branch-cortex ratio, leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, palisade-spongy ratio and vessel density can be used as indices of identification for pear growth potential in early period.

高校图书馆数字资源违规使用对策设计及其仿真校验

[目的/意义]高校图书馆数字资源违规使用治理政策涉及多方利益主体博弈,单一维度的分析视角无法从系统层面有效调和并解决这一矛盾冲突。[方法/过程]本文采用演化博弈理论框架,构建数据供应商、高校图书馆和用户的三方演化博弈模型,探究各主体的行为模式及其均衡稳定策略。通过构建层次结构模型对参数赋值,以提升仿真分析结果的可靠性和真实性。随后通过MATLAB仿真实验,剖析了各类因素对于演化博弈的影响机制与作用路径,厘清利益对象间的动态交互关系和关联结构。[结果/结论]研究结果显示,该博弈模型呈现出两种不同的演化稳定策略状态,并基于数据资源违规使用的现状,分别从三方博弈主体提出针对性的意见。

Supplier selection and order splitting modeling in the pr esence of supplier capacity and resilience

To solve the problem of a supplier＇s failure to deliver thus impacting supply chain system performance in the supply chain operating process, a model of supplier selection and order splitting in the context of a multiple sourcing setting is proposed. First, by the analysis of the elements of expected total costs of the buyer firm, namely, expected loss costs, resilience effort costs, supplier maintenance costs, and cycle purchase costs, the expected total costs function is obtained. And then, the effects of supplier characters on the supplier selection and order splitting decisionmaking are investigated by numerical examples. The results show that the maximum delivery capacity, the probability of failure to deliver and the resilience parameters are crucial elements in determining which suppliers should be selected and how to do order splitting between suppliers. Finally, current analyses focus only on the expected total costs of the buyer firm but ignore the suppliers＇ costs： thus, it is more interesting to examine the supplier decisions from both parties＇ points of view.

集成供应商选择的高速列车转向架主从关联优化配置方法

供应商选择对高速列车转向架配置设计的质量、成本、交货时间有着显著影响。针对转向架配置设计和供应商选择集成优化中未考虑不同决策之间的差异和协调问题,本文提出一种基于Stackelberg博弈理论的集成供应商选择的高速列车转向架配置优化方法。该方法基于主从决策机制构建主从关联优化模型,上层以物理模块配置方案效用最大为目标获取模块实例组合方案,下层以供应商预期总成本最小为目标获取供应商选择方案,并采用双层嵌套遗传算法进行求解。以某型高速列车转向架的“构架、轮对轴箱装置”为例,得到物理模块配置方案和供应商选择方案的均衡最优解。所提出的方法有助于企业实现考虑供应商因素的转向架配置设计,提高产品的竞争力。

企业数字化转型对企业商业信用融资的影响

基于2012—2022年A股非金融行业企业数据,运用实证方法和双向固定效应模型,检验了企业数字化转型对企业商业信用融资的影响。结果表明,数字化转型通过提升信息透明度、降低商业信用交易成本以及降低供应商集中度,扩大了企业商业信用融资规模。此外,通过选取公司治理变量进行异质性分组检验和交互性检验,发现企业数字化转型对企业商业信用融资规模的正向促进作用在盈利发展能力较强、创新投入相对较少的企业样本中更明显,且主要集中在非国有企业和内部控制有效且透明度较好的企业。因此,企业应积极开展数字化转型,这有利于增强企业在供应链中的话语权,降低信用融资成本,增加商业信用融资规模,缓解融资压力。

Comparison on neural networks and support vector machines in suppliers' selection

Suppliers＇ selection in supply chain management （SCM） has attracted considerable research interests in recent years. Recent literatures show that neural networks achieve better performance than traditional statistical methods. However, neural networks have inherent drawbacks, such as local optimization solution, lack generalization, and uncontrolled convergence. A relatively new machine learning technique, support vector machine （SVM）, which overcomes the drawbacks of neural networks, is introduced to provide a model with better explanatory power to select ideal supplier partners. Meanwhile, in practice, the suppliers＇ samples are very insufficient. SVMs are adaptive to deal with small samples＇ training and testing. The prediction accuracies for BPNN and SVM methods are compared to choose the appreciating suppliers. The actual examples illustrate that SVM methods are superior to BPNN.

k-supplier问题的贪婪近似算法

给定无向完全图G=(V,E)和正整数k,图G的顶点集V被划分为子集F和子集D=V-F.k-supplier问题主要研究如何寻找F中顶点数不多于k的子集S,使得S中的顶点到D中顶点的最大距离最小.研究了k-supplier问题,得到了一个近似比为3的多项式时间贪婪近似算法,并通过实例验证了该算法的有效性.

Infinitesimal dividing modeling method for dual suppliers inventory model with random lead times

As one of the basic inventory cost models, the （Q, τ）inventory cost model of dual suppliers with random procurement lead time is mostly formulated by using the concepts of ＂effective lead time＂ and ＂lead time demand＂, which may lead to an imprecise inventory cost. Through the real-time statistic of the inventory quantities, this paper considers the precise （Q, τ） inventory cost model of dual supplier procurement by using an infinitesimal dividing method. The traditional modeling method of the inventory cost for dual supplier procurement includes complex procedures. To reduce the complexity effectively, the presented method investigates the statistics properties in real-time of the inventory quantities with the application of the infinitesimal dividing method. It is proved that the optimal holding and shortage costs of dual supplier procurement are less than those of single supplier procurement respectively. With the assumption that both suppliers have the same distribution of lead times, the convexity of the cost function per unit time is proved. So the optimal solution can be easily obtained by applying the classical convex optimization methods. The numerical examples are given to verify the main conclusions.

Fuzzy Multi-Objective Decision Model of Supplier Selection with Preference Information

Supplier selection is a multi-objective decision problem, which must be considered many objectives, some objectives are qualitative, and others are quantitative. Meanwhile, manufacturer has preference for different suppliers. In this paper, a new multi-objective decision model with preference information of supplier is established. A practical example of supplier selection problem utilizing this model is studied. The result demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the methods proposed in the paper.

关系交易影响企业金融化吗?——基于安徽省上市公司的经验证据

安徽省处在长三角一体化、长江经济带等多个国家战略叠加的枢纽地带,省内上市公司金融化趋势如何?同时,关系交易是我国商业模式的典型特征,又会对企业金融化产生怎样的影响?以2012—2022年安徽省沪深A股非金融类上市企业为研究对象,探讨安徽省企业间的关系交易(客户与供应商)对企业金融化进程的影响,剖析这一过程中的传递路径与作用原理。研究发现:安徽省上市公司客户/供应商集中度有效抑制企业金融化行为,在非国有企业和治理水平较高的企业抑制作用更明显;融资约束与代理成本的缓解机制为实现这种抑制作用奠定了重要基础。研究结果丰富了关系交易和企业金融化的相关理论,有助于理解安徽省实体企业金融化的驱动因素。一方面,警示安徽省上市公司权衡供应商/客户集中度的影响,推动上下游协力合作,增强企业价值;另一方面,提示政府和资本市场全面认识“脱实向虚”现象,为监管机构及政策制定者提供导向,预防金融领域系统性风险,确保金融体系安全。

Combining TOPSIS and GRA for supplier selection problem with interval numbers

Supplier selection can be regarded as a typical multiple attribute decision-making problem. In real-world situation, the values of the alternative attributes and their weights are always being nondeterministic, and as a result of this, the values are considered interval numbers. In addition, the common approach to measure the similarity between alternatives through their distance suffers from some minor shortcomings. To address these problems, this study develops a novel hybrid decision-making method by combining the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution （TOPSIS） with grey relational analysis （GRA） for supplier selection with interval numbers. By introducing the intervals theory, the extensions of Euclidean distance and grey relational grade are defined. And then a new comprehensive closeness coefficient is constituted for supplier alternatives evaluation based on the interval Euclidean distance and the interval grey relational grade, which could indicate the distance-based similarity and the shape-based similarity simultaneously. A mtmerical example is taken to validate the flexibility of the proposed method, and result shows that this method can tackle the uncertainty in real-world supplier selection and also help decision makers to effectively select optimal suppliers.

An integrated model for supplier selection process

In today’s highly competitive manufacturing environment, the supplier selection process becomes one of crucial activities in supply chain management. In order to select the best supplier(s) it is not only necessary to continuously tracking and benchmarking performance of suppliers but also to make a tradeoff between tangible and intangible factors some of which may conflict. In this paper an integration of case based reasoning (CBR), analytical network process (ANP) and linear programming (LP) is proposed to solve the supplier selection problem.

Web-based supplier relationship framework using agent systems

In order to enable both manufacturers and suppliers to be profitable on today’s highly competitive markets, manufacturers and suppliers must be quick in selecting best partners establishing strategic relationship, and collaborating with each other so that they can satisfy the changing competitive manufacturing requirements. A web-based supplier relationships (SR) framework is therfore proposed using multi-agent systems and linear programming technique to reduce supply cost, increase flexibility and shorten response time. Web-based SR approach is an ideal platform for information exchange that helps buyers and suppliers to maintain the availability of materials in the right quantity, at the right place, and at the right time, and keep the customer-supplier relationship more transparent. A multi-agent system prototype was implemented by simulation, which shows the feasibility of the proposed architecture.

Supplier Selection Fuzzy Model in Supply Chain Management:Vietnamese Cafe Industry Case

Supplier selection is a vital part of the supply chain and is also a current issue that concerns businesses today as supplier quality directly affects the operations of the organization.Choosing the right supplier can help businesses increase productivity,competitiveness in the market,and profits without having to lower the quality of the products.However,choosing a supplier is not a simple matter,it requires businesses to consider many aspects about their suppliers.Therefore,the goal of this study is to propose an integrated model consisting of two models:Fuzzy Analytics Network Process(Fuzzy-ANP)model and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment(WASPAS)to solve the problem above.The Fuzzy-ANP model was developed to evaluate the weightings of the supplier selection criteria,and the WASPAS Model was used to rank the suppliers.An example of supplier selection in the coffee industry in Vietnam was studied to validate the model,namely 5 main criteria,with 16 sub-criteria,and 7 suppliers.The model test results show that the Fuzzy ANP and WASPAS integration model was suitable.In future,these developing models can apply to other industries or integrate with other models.