A Components Library System Model and the Support Tool

Component-based development needs a well-designed components library and a set of support tools. This paper prasents the design and implementation of a components library system model and its support tool UMLCASE, A set of practical CASE tools is constructed. UMLCASE can use UML to design Use Case Diagram, Class Diagram etc. And it integrates with components library system. Key words component technology - components library - support tool for components library CLC number TP 311. 52 - TP 311 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Fundation of China (60373072) and National 973 Program (2002CB312001)Biography: MIAO Huai-kou (1953-), male. Professor, research direction: formal methods, software engineering and automatic reasoning.

Analysis and Improvement of Standing-Up Action for Elderly People from a Chair Using a Cushion-Type Support Tool

This paper reports the problems that elderly people have when they stand up from a chair, and proposes an adequate standing-up procedure that solves these problems. The important points for an adequate standing-up procedure are ＂leaning the upper body forward＂ and ＂pulling the legs to the side＂. Furthermore, this paper proposes a standing-up support tool. The characteristics of the support tool are a cushion-type shape with an adjustable flange and an air-pressure-driven mechanism. When the proposed standing-up procedure and support tool are applied to elderly people, the measured values related to standing-up, such as maximum acceleration, arm force, standing-up time, heel position and forward-bending angle, are improved. Furthermore, elderly people felt that it made the standing-up action easy. We could confirm the effectiveness of the proposed standing-up procedure and support tool.

An Implementation of a Decision Support Tool to Assess Treatment of Emerging Contaminants in India

Emerging contaminants have been increasingly studied over the past decade to improve the understanding of their fate, occurrence and toxicological effects on the environment and human health. Originally wastewater treatment plants were not designed to remove these pollutants of emerging concern. However, research is now focusing on determining which existing treatment unit processes are suited to their removal. This research sets out to determine suitable treatment options for thirty nine emerging contaminants including various Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care products. The treatment options used in this study are taken from a developed decision support tool (WiSDOM) which formulates wastewater trains/packages for treatment of wastewater in India. The tool also evaluates the performance of each optimal solution in terms of removal of conventional pollutants (such as biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, faecal coliform etc.), using multi-objective genetic algorithms and multi-criteria decision analysis. An Excel Spreadsheet Program (ESP) was developed as an add-on to the tool, allowing the ESP to take an initial concentration of any of the thirty nine emerging contaminant and pass it through the treatment trains (generated/selected by the WiSDOM tool) to determine the removal efficiency. Three scenarios were developed to analyse the removal of emerging contaminants in India. The scenarios were designed to capture the influence of different socio-economic contexts and wastewater characteristics on the treatment technology selection. The tool generated results suggest that the use of constructed wetlands can remove a large proportion of emerging contaminants, resulting in low energy requirements and operational costs and wildlife habitats. However, the land requirement for this process is not always suited to urban areas in India. Advanced oxidation processes were also efficient at removing emerging contaminants. However, the energy requirements for this process were high. Emerging contaminants have different physical and chemical properties;therefore, future evaluations of each chemical should be monitored separately to generate suitable technologies suited to optimal removal.

A framework for the use of decision-support tools at various spatial scales for the management of irrigated agriculture in West-Africa

The Kou watershed, situated in the Southwestern part of Burkina Faso, has succumbed since a couple of decades in a typical theater play of anarchistic water management. With its 1800 km2, this small watershed holds the second largest city of Burkina Faso (Bobo-Dioulasso), a former State ran irrigated rice scheme and several informal agricultural zones. Despite the abundance on water resources, most water users find themselves regularly facing to water shortages due to an increase in population and low irrigation efficiencies. Local stakeholders are hence in need of easy-to-use and low-cost decision support tools for the monitoring and exploitation of the water resources at different spatial and user levels. A top-to-bottom string of adapted water management tools has been successfully installed to tackle the problems: from watershed (top) to field level (bottom), passing by the 1200 ha irrigation scheme. Land use maps have been derived from time-series of free satellite images. Combined with data from a network of hydrologic gauging stations, regional water use maps were established. SIMIS was put in place for the public-private management of the regions irrigated rice scheme. Day to day water use on irrigated plots was followed by soil humidity and crop canopy measurements. A simple field-cropwater balance model Aqua Crop was used by extension workers to draft optimal irrigation charts. Each tool was applied independently, requiring only limited data;but their combined results contributed to an improved integrated water management.

Implementation issues of the planning support tool in Japan:Focusing on urban disaster mitigation

This study determined the issues of Planning Support System(PSS)implementation in the field of urban disaster mitigation in Japan by understanding its analytical perspective through a review of Western literature,a questionnaire survey of urban planning consultant companies,and PSS implementation for a practical project in a municipality.Regarding the instrum ental perspective,there was difficulty in conducting the simulationbased PSS due to the enormous simulation time required.Regarding the transfer perspective,the importance of the municipality^decision of adopting the PSS to a project,securing the budget and continuous running costs,track record of the practical project,and lack of human resource for the PSS use were clarified.Regarding the user perspective,the difficulty in data collection and update as well as im portance of the cooperative system/support from the developer in the initial period were clarified.Especially,considering the low number of implementations,a platform may be important for the promotion of PSS awareness.This may be also useful for the diffusion of PSS.It is necessary for the developers to fully comm unicate the benefits of PSS adoption.It is thought that a close cooperative system and support are required in the initial stage.For prom oting and understanding the benefits of PSS adoption,a guideline or manual seems to be useful.This is effective for ensuring the budget and providing an explanation to high-level members of the organizations about the effect of utilizing these tools.For the final implementation,the possibility of installation,maintenance,and operation of the PSS by the municipality was discussed.

Computer System Reliability Allocation Method and Supporting Tool

This paper presents a computer system reliability allocation method that is based on the theory of statistic and Markovian chain,which can be used to allocate reliability to subsystem, to hybrid system and software modules. A relevant supporting tool built by us is introduced.

Toward the Design and Implementation of Traceability Engineering Tool Support

Requirements of a system keep on changing based on the need of stakeholders or the system developers, making requirement engineering an important aspect in software development. This develops a need for appropriate requirement change management. The importance of requirements traceability is defining relationships between the requirements and artefacts extracted by the stakeholder during the software development life-cycle and gives vital information to encourage software understanding. In this paper, we have concentrated on developing a tool for requirement traceability that can be used to extend the requirement elicitation and identification of system-wide qualities using the notion of quality attribute scenarios to capture the non-functional requirements. It allows us to link the functional and non-functional requirements of the system based on the quality attribute scenarios template proposed by the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute (SEI). Apart from this, the paper focuses on tracing the functional and non-functional requirements of the system using the concept of requirement traceability matrix.

基于变量敏感度筛选的回归型支持向量机的数控机床热误差预测

随着机械制造行业的迅猛发展,对于数控机床的定位精度要求越来越高。为了提高机床定位精度,建立了基于变量敏感度筛选与回归型支持向量机(SVR)混合模型,并将其用于数控机床热误差预测方法。该方法基于对变量敏感度分析,筛选掉敏感度低的干扰自变量。本方法与基本SVR模型对数控机床热误差预测值进行对比,结果表明基本SVR受到敏感度低的干扰自变量影响,预测结果与实测热误差结果偏差较大;经过变量敏感度筛选之后的SVR混合模型预测值具有更高的准确度,验证了此模型的可行性。

分体式自适应分支井主井眼支撑系统研制

分支井主井眼支撑工具是满足分支井窗口支撑与分支井眼钻井的核心工具,包括可回收式斜向器、打捞钩、定向锚定封隔器及定向插头等。针对常用配套工具存在的锚定性能差、地面定向难度大、斜向器可取性差等问题,研发了分体式自适应分支井主井眼支撑系统。该系统以大通径锚定封隔器作为井下定位单元,具备轴向及周向锚定功能,可取式钻井导向器可在井下实现自动找正对接,从而建立牢固的窗口支撑系统,配套打捞钩具备定向打捞功能;该系统也可为后期井眼选择性重入及生产提供大通径机械通道。对主井眼窗口支撑系统关键部件进行了有限元分析,并对支撑系统的锚定、抗扭及自动对接等性能进行了测试。分析及测试结果表明:大通径锚定封隔器双向锚定能力1200 kN,环空封隔能力80 MPa;钩式打捞器可实现导向器的定向锁定。所得结果可为分支井设计及工具选择提供参考。

从模型到应用:基于生态系统服务权衡的乡村生态修复规划工具研究

在全球范围内的气候变化背景下,具有多种功能和服务价值的乡村生态空间成为当下国际生态规划研究与合作的关注热点之一。为实现乡村生态空间的精准管理与规划,中德双方围绕联合课题“生态系统服务概念在德国鲁尔与中国大都市区韧性发展模式下的绿色基础设施规划应用”进行了深入探索。在土地利用与土地覆盖类型的基础上,进一步识别了生物群落类型,并基于调节、供给、文化三大生态系统服务类型,选取了评估生态系统服务供需权衡的指标和对应权重,构建了乡村生态空间规划场景下的生态系统服务价值评测模型。以上海市水库村为例,运用该课题的评测模型,初步评估了典型乡村生态规划场景下的生态系统服务价值。最后,从应用尺度、研究范围以及操作流程三个方面总结了该评测模型的优化方向。

基于UG NX的数控多轴加工工艺改良和配套夹具设计

首先,简要介绍了UG NX编程软件的相关知识;其次,以金属半环和电机外壳为研究对象,分析了其原有的数控加工工艺并提出了优化改进措施;再次,利用UG对研究对象进行了配套工装的仿真设计;最后,利用UG编制研究对象的目标零件多轴数控加工程序,有效保障了产品的加工质量,节省了人力、物力成本,提高了生产效率。

“需求-目标-工具”框架下失独扶助政策的失范与矫正——基于22个省级行政区政策文本分析

失独扶助政策的目标包括维持基本生存、增进民生福祉、构建管理制度、营造舆论环境与促进社会融入五大目标。失独群体的个体性与结构性困境有不同层次的政策需求,政府部门需要灵活使用不同类型的政策工具,发挥社会政策的工具性效应,从而实现个体需求、社会稳定和经济增长的政策目标。基于全国22个省级行政区失独扶助政策文本量化分析表明:政策需求维度中以满足生理和安全需求为主,爱与归属、尊重和自我实现需求欠缺;政策目标维度中以维持基本生存和增进民生福祉的目标为主,构建管理制度、营造舆论环境和促进社会融入等目标欠缺;政策工具维度中以命令型工具为主,激励型和系统变革工具为辅,劝告型和能力建设工具欠缺;从政策区域异质性来看,相较于东部、西部和东北地区,中部地区政策文本结构在政策需求、政策目标与政策工具维度最为全面、多元与完善。未来政府应优化扶助政策的政策需求与政策目标,调整政策工具供给,促进政策公平性。

决策辅助工具在老年2型糖尿病患者用药决策中的应用进展

老年2型糖尿病患者常面临多病共存和多重用药的问题,这些情况常导致用药不合理或不适当,显著影响了患者的治疗效果和生活质量,因此早期进行有效的药物治疗决策尤为重要。而决策辅助工具作为用药支持信息的重要补充,包括基于电子健康记录的系统、移动应用程序、在线健康平台等,通过提供个性化、基于证据的医疗信息,以帮助患者了解用药治疗方案,辅助患者和医疗专业人员做出更合理的药物治疗决策,提升药物治疗的适宜性和安全性,降低药物相互作用的风险,从而改善患者的整体治疗效果和生活质量,已在老年2型糖尿病患者用药管理中的应用取得了显著进展。本文综述了老年2型糖尿病患者用药的现状,决策辅助工具的影响因素、类型、应用方法及其作用,旨在为国内开发针对这一人群的用药决策辅助工具提供参考。

曲母线薄壁件柔性旋压技术发展现状及展望

曲母线薄壁件旋压技术在航空、航天、汽车、化工等工业领域具有广泛的应用。采用旋压方法成形曲母线回转型零件往往需要同形状刚性芯模支撑,以便控制成形精度和壁厚分布。但是刚性模具旋压存在脱模难、生产准备周期长、产品规格单一等问题,不适合个性化的小批量生产。随着数控技术的发展,采用通用芯轴或支撑辊替代传统刚性芯模的柔性旋压技术得到快速发展。柔性旋压可改善刚性芯模旋压产品规格单一,准备周期长,小批量成本高等不足,除了直母线的筒、锥形零件外,在曲母线壳体零件上也得到应用。本文综述近年来曲母线柔性旋压技术的发展概况。

脑卒中患者支持性照护需求评估工具的范围综述

目的对脑卒中患者支持性照护需求相关评估工具进行范围综述,为今后相关研究提供参考依据。方法系统检索中英文数据库,检索时限为建库至2023年3月。筛选符合纳入标准的脑卒中患者支持性照护需求评估工具,提取纳入文献的一般信息(包括文题、作者、年份、国家)和评估工具特点(包括工具研制方法、工具名称、工具内容以及信效度等)。结果最终纳入10篇文献,工具类型主要为问卷类和量表类,涉及脑卒中患者多个方面的需求。结论脑卒中患者支持性照护需求评估工具种类较多,但多偏重单一的维度,缺乏针对全面的脑卒中患者支持性照护需求的评估工具,未来可结合现有的工具优势研制脑卒中患者支持性照护需求评估工具。

基于PCC-GWO-SVM算法的刀具磨损预测

针对在刀具磨损实时监测过程中受外界噪声影响而导致预测准确度较低问题,提出一种基于皮尔逊相关系数(Pearson Correlation Coefficient,PCC)和灰狼优化支持向量机(Grey Wolf Optimization Support Vector Machine,GWO-SVM)的刀具磨损量预测模型。该模型采用时域、频域和时频联合域上的特征提取方法,能有效捕捉刀具磨损过程中不同方面的信息;通过PCC优化方法筛选与刀具磨损高度相关的特征数据,提高模型的特征提取能力;利用灰狼算法获取搜索狼群中具有最佳适应度值的位置,即对应的SVM惩罚因子C和核函数参数σ作为SVM的最优参数进行构建和训练,提高预测精度。实验结果表明,PCC-GWO-SVM模型在球头铣刀磨损预测任务中的均方误差MSE为0.0181mm^(2),平均相对误差MAPE为0.187%,决定系数R^(2)为0.9827,均优于预测模型GA-SVM和BES-LSSVM,验证了该模型的有效性和可行性。

产品决策支持工具影响移动消费者购买决策的顺序效应:基于神经科学的视角

由于信息过载和不确定性,移动购物平台经常使用产品排名系统、产品评论系统和产品推荐系统为消费者的购买决策提供支持。那么,这三个决策支持工具在移动购物平台产品页面上出现的先后顺序对消费者购买决策有影响吗?现有文献尚未对此进行深入研究。本文从神经科学的视角设计事件相关电位实验,并对被试的脑电数据进行双因素重复测量方差分析,研究发现:产品决策支持工具的呈现顺序对移动消费者的购买率和决策反应时长有显著影响。而且,先呈现评论系统再呈现推荐系统后呈现排名系统的顺序下,移动消费者的购买率最高。本研究从神经层面解释了产品决策支持工具引发的顺序效应影响移动消费者购买决策的认知加工过程。

连续复合管缆投捞式人工举升技术研究

海上无修井机平台依赖钻井船修井,费用高、时效慢,现有非常规作业技术对平台条件要求高,难以推广。为此,开展了连续复合管缆投捞式人工举升技术研究和应用。针对复杂井况和无修井机平台特点,对管柱和井下工具结构进行了优化设计,通过管缆选型计算和电泵扬程拟合,在南海西部涠洲11-1A平台A21H1井进行了先导性应用。研究结果表明:连续复合管缆投捞式人工举升工艺优化了管柱结构,取消湿接头设计,增设液控滑套,生产期间可实现换层;采用特质动力电缆集成的连续复合管缆强度大,防腐能力增强,大大降低了作业风险;完成了在A21H1井的不压井作业,目前该井投产后日增油60 m^(3)。研究结果可为海上油田无修井机平台的修井作业提供技术支撑。

基于“渥太华决策支持框架”的乳腺癌患者乳房再造手术决策辅助工具的编制

目的开发基于循证的、符合中国本土特色的乳腺癌乳房再造手术决策辅助工具,为临床开展决策制定提供思路,推动共享决策的实施。方法以“渥太华决策支持框架(the Ottawa decision support framework,ODSF)”作为理论基础,以“患者决策辅助工具国际标准4.0版(IPDAS4.0)”作为标准框架,通过文献回顾形成乳腺癌乳房再造手术决策辅助工具初版;邀请18名乳腺癌与乳房再造领域的临床与护理专家展开2轮德尔菲函询后形成工具修订版;之后在临床中对5名患者及5名家属进行试运用,整合意见后确定工具终版。结果基于文献回顾整合证据形成工具初版含7项一级指标、14项二级指标,49项三级指标;第一轮三级指标函询各条目的重要性均分为4.06~4.94分,变异系数为0.05~0.22,满分比0.53~0.88;第二轮三级指标函询各条目的重要性均分为4.71~4.94分,变异系数为0.05~0.15,满分比为0.72~1.00;第二轮一、二、三级指标Kendall协调系数W分别为0.509、0.437、0.425,最终形成乳腺癌乳房再造手术决策辅助工具终版,包含7项一级指标(决策评估、疾病信息支持、风险利益分析、决策支持系统、平衡价值与偏好、促进决策制定、评价决策质量),14项二级指标,50项三级指标。经临床试运用,取得较好效果。结论基于“渥太华决策支持框架”的乳腺癌乳房再造手术决策辅助工具具备科学性和临床实用价值,可为乳腺癌患者在面对乳房再造手术方式选择困难时提供解决思路。

北京市密云区全民健康生活方式行动效果评估

目的:了解北京市密云区全民健康生活方式行动有关指标的情况,为下一步开展干预活动提供基础数据。方法:2019年4月至5月,采用PPS抽样方法抽取北京市密云区常住人口18岁以上常住居民600人,采用面对面访谈的形式完成全民健康生活方式行动调查问卷。结果:密云区全民健康生活方式行动知晓率为33.8%,行动口号的知晓率为50.0%,行动日的知晓率为11.3%,限盐勺使用率为30.7%,油壶使用率为21.4%,腰围尺使用率为3.9%。结论:密云区全民健康生活方式行动相关知晓率和健康支持工具使用率较低,需要继续完善政府主导、各部门配合的工作机制,加大全民健康生活方式行动力度。