基于不同Bi2WO6形貌下光催化降解四环素性能研究

该文以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和Na2WO4·2H2O为原料通过水热法合成Bi2WO6,重点研究通过改变水合加热时间和溶液酸碱性,不同合成条件对Bi2WO6产物形貌的影响.借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对Bi2WO6形貌进行分析.实验结果显示,溶液酸碱性和加热时间均对Bi2WO6的形貌有较大影响,水合加热时间也对其形貌有很大的影响.此外,通过在可见光下降解四环素(TC),探讨了不同合成条件对催化剂性能的影响.实验结果表明,酸碱性会破坏Bi2WO6的结构,进而降低其光催化性能.当水合加热时间为25 h时,Bi2WO6的降解效率最高,降解效果约为50%.

Salt-assisted Synthesis of Hollow Bi_2WO_6 Microspheres with Superior Photocatalytic Activity for NO Removal

Hollow Bi2WO6 microspheres are successfully synthesized by a facile ultrasonic spray pyrolysis（USP） method using NaCl as a salt template.The as-prepared hollow microspheres assembled as nanoplates with dimensions of approximately 41-148 nm and are dispersed with non-uniform pores on the template surface.By swapping the salt template with KC1 or Na2SO4,different morphologies of Bi2WO6 are obtained.The experimental results demonstrate that NaCl plays a key role on the formation of Bi2WO6 with hollow structures.The specific growth mechanism of hollow microspheres was studied in detail.The Bi2WO6 hollow microspheres exhibit an excellent photocatalytic efficiency for NO removal under solar light irradiation,which is 1.73 times higher than for the Bi2WO6 obtained in the absence of any salt template.This enhancement can be ascribed to the simultaneous improvement on the surface area and visible light-harvesting ability from the hollow structures.Electron spin resonance（ESR） results suggest that both radicals of ·OH and ·O2^- are involved in the photocatalytic process over the BWO-NaCl sample.The production of ·O2^- radicals offers better durability for NO removal.

SPR effect of bismuth enhanced visible photoreactivity of Bi_2WO_6 for NO abatement

Bi2WO6 is a typical visible-light-responsive semiconductor photocatalyst with a layered structure.However,the relatively large bandgap(2.6–2.8 eV)and quick recombination of photo-generated carriers result in its low quantum efficiency.In this paper,Bi-nanospheres-modified flower-like Bi2WO6 was successfully prepared by solvothermal treatment of Bi2WO6 powders in Bi(NO3)3 solution using ethylene glycol as reductant.The photoreactivity of this photocatalyst was evaluated by the oxidation of NO in a continuous-flow reactor under irradiation by a visible LED lamp(λ>400 nm).It was found that both Bi nanospheres and flower-like Bi2WO6 precursor exhibit very poor photocatalytic activity with NO removal rates of only 7.7%and 8.6%,respectively.The photoreactivity of Bi/Bi2WO6 was found to steadily increase from 12.3%to 53.1%with increase in the amount of Bi nanospheres from 0 to 10 wt%.However,with further increase in the loading amount of Bi nanospheres,the photoreactivity of Bi/Bi2WO6 hybridized photocatalyst begins to decrease,possibly due to the light filtering by the Bi nanospheres.The enhanced visible photoreactivity of Bi/Bi2WO6 towards NO abatement was attributed to surface plasmon resonance driven interfacial charge separation.The excellent stability of Bi/Bi2WO6 hybridized photocatalyst towards NO oxidation demonstrates its potential for applications such as air purification.

2D/2D step-schemeα-Fe2O3/Bi2WO6 photocatalyst with efficient charge transfer for enhanced photo-Fenton catalytic activity

Although the traditional Fenton reaction is considered an effective strategy for solving problems caused by environmental pollution,construction of an efficient photocatalytic system by coordinating the Fenton reaction is challenging.In this study,2D/2D step-schemeα-Fe2O3/Bi2WO6(FO/BWO)heterostructure photo-Fenton catalysts were successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method.The as-prepared materials were characterized by XRD,FT-IR,TEM,XPS,UV-vis DRS,PL,I-t,EIS,and BET analyses.Under visible light irradiation,FO/BWO exhibited remarkably high and stable photo-Fenton catalytic activity for the degradation of methyl blue(MB)at low concentrations of H2O2.It was noted that FO/BWO(0.5)displayed a significantly enhanced photo-Fenton catalytic activity,which was 11.06 and 3.29 times those of FO nanosheets and BWO nanosheets,respectively.The notably improved photo-Fenton catalytic activity of FO/BWO was mainly due to the combination of H2O2 and FO under light illumination and the presence of the 2D/2D S-scheme heterostructure,with the large contact surface,abundant active sites,and efficient separation rate of photogenerated carriers playing contributory roles.Additionally,a possible catalytic mechanism for the FO/BWO composite was preliminarily proposed via active species trapping experiments.In summary,this study provided new insights into the synthesis of an effectively heterogeneous 2D/2D S-scheme photo-Fenton catalyst for degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.

Construction of Z-scheme Ag_3PO_4/Bi_2WO_6 composite with excellent visible-light photodegradation activity for removal of organic contaminants

Ag3PO4has good potential for use in photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants.However,the activity and stability of Ag3PO4is hard to sustain because of photocorrosion and the positive potential of the conduction band of Ag3PO4.In this study,A composite consisting of Bi2WO6nanosheets and Ag3PO4was developed to curb recombination of charge carriers and enhance the activity and stability of the catalyst.Formation of a Ag3PO4/Bi2WO6composite was confirmed using X‐ray diffraction,energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy,and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Photoluminescence spectroscopy provided convincing evidence that compositing Bi2WO6with Ag3PO4effectively reduced photocorrosion of Ag3PO4.The Ag3PO4/Bi2WO6composite gave a high photocatalytic performance in photodegradation of methylene blue.A degradation rate of0.61min?1was achieved;this is1.3and6.0times higher than those achieved using Ag3PO4(0.47min?1)and Bi2WO6(0.10min?1),respectively.Reactive species trapping experiments using the Ag3PO4/Bi2WO6composite showed that holes,?OH,and?O2?all played specific roles in the photodegradation process.The photocatalytic mechanism was investigated and a Z‐scheme was proposed as a plausible mechanism.

In-situ transformation of Bi_2WO_6 to highly photoreactive Bi_2WO_6@Bi_2S_3 nanoplate via ion exchange

As a two dimensional(2D)visible‐light‐responsive semiconductor photocatalyst,the photoreactivity of Bi2WO6 is not high enough for practical application owing to its limited response to visible light and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs.In this paper,2D core‐shell structured Bi2WO6@Bi2S3 nanoplates were prepared by calcination of a mixture of Bi2WO6(1.3 g)and a certain amount of Na2S·9H2O(0–3.0 g)at 350°C for 2 h.The reactivity of the resulting photocatalyst materials was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of Brilliant Red X‐3B(X3B),an anionic dye,under visible light irradiation(?>420 nm).As the amount of Na2S·9H2O was increased from 0 to 1.5 g,the degradation rate constant of X3B sharply increased from 0.40×10?3 to 6.6×10?3 min?1.The enhanced photocatalytic activity of Bi2WO6@Bi2S3 was attributed to the photosensitization of Bi2S3,which greatly extended the light‐responsive range from the visible to the NIR,and the formation of a heterojunction,which retarded the recombination rate of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs.However,further increases in the amount of Na2S·9H2O(from 1.5 to 3.0 g)resulted in a decrease of the photocatalytic activity of the Bi2WO6@Bi2S3 nanoplates owing to the formation of a photo‐inactive NaBiS2 layer covering the Bi2WO6 surface.

Construction of NH2-MIL-125(Ti)/Bi2WO6 composites with accelerated charge separation for degradation of organic contaminants under visible light irradiation

Photocatalysis is considered as an ideal strategy for water pollution treatment.However,it remains challenging to design a highly efficient photo-catalytic system through regulating the charge flow via a precise approach.In this work,a novel NH2-MIL-125(Ti)/Bi2WO6 composite was constructed via self-assembly growing Bi2WO6 nanosheets on NH2-MIL-125(Ti)material.The characterization results demonstrated that NH2-MIL-125(Ti)was successfully incorporated into Bi2WO6 and the photoexcited carriers could be efficiently separated and transferred between the two components.NH2-MIL-125(Ti)/Bi2WO6 composites displayed enhanced photocatalytic activity for the removal of rhodamine B(RhB)and tetracycline(TC)under visible light irradiation,and the optimal weight ratio of NH2-MIL-125(Ti)was determined to be 7 wt%.The introduction of NH2-MIL-125(Ti)into Bi2WO6 could raise the absorption of visible light,accelerate the separation and transfer of charge carriers,and boost photocatalytic activity.This research presents a wide range of possibilities for the further development of novel composites in the field of environment purification.

2D/2D type-Ⅱ Cu2ZnSnS4/Bi2WO6 heterojunctions to promote visible-light-driven photo-Fenton catalytic activity

In this work,a set of novel Cu2ZnSnS4/Bi2WO6(CZTS/BWO)two-dimensional(2 D)/two-dimensional(2 D)type-Ⅱheterojunctions with different CZTS weight ratios(1%,2%,and 5%)were successfully synthesized via a brief secondary solvothermal process.The successful formation of the heterojunctions was affirmed by characterization methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.The photocatalytic activity results showed that the prepared CZTS/BWO heterojunctions had excellent photocatalytic behaviors for organic degradation,especially when the mass fraction of CZTS with respect to BWO in the composite was 2%.Moreover,the addition of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)could further improve the dye and antibiotic degradation efficiencies.The reinforced photocatalytic and photo-Fenton degradation performance were primarily attributable to the introduction of BWO,which afforded increased active sites,expanded the solar spectral response range,and accelerated the cycle of Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ);after four cycling times,its catalytic activity did not decrease significantly.In addition,reasonable hypotheses of the photocatalytic and photo-Fenton catalytic mechanisms were formulated.This study is expected to provide a visual approach for designing a novel photo-Fenton catalyst to jointly utilize the photocatalytic and Fenton activities,which can be better applied to the purification of residual organics in wastewater.

Fabrication of Bi_2WO_6 quantum dots/ultrathin nanosheets 0D/2D homojunctions with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation

A novel visible light‐responsive homogeneous catalyst based on Bi2WO6 quantum dots(QDs‐BWO)/Bi2WO6 nanosheets(N‐BWO)was successfully fabricated through a simple hydrothermal method.A variety of techniques were employed to investigate the morphology,structure,and electronic properties of the samples.The photocatalytic performance of the QDs/N‐BWO materials was investigated by monitoring the degradation of 4‐chlorophenol and rhodamine B under visible light irradiation.The as‐fabricated QDs/N‐BWO materials showed higher photocatalytic activity than both QDs‐BWO and N‐BWO.The results reveal that the incorporation of the QDs improved the separation efficiency of electron‐hole pairs,leading to enhanced photocatalytic activity.Moreover,the results of quenching experiments show that·O2– species played a major role in the degradation process.This work provides an important reference for the fabrication of homogeneous catalysts with high performance in the degradation of different types of pollutants.

Bi_2WO_6可见光催化降解染料废水实验研究

采用水热法合成了新型的可见光催化剂Bi2WO6,以活性蓝M-2GE染料废水为目标污染物,研究了催化剂的用量、污染物初始浓度、溶液pH、盐效应等因素对光催化降解效果的影响.结果表明,在优化实验条件下(催化剂的投加量为3g·L-1、pH值中性偏酸性、反应90min),对目标污染物的去除率可达到99%;溶液中盐浓度的增加对降解有抑制作用;催化剂对不同初始浓度活性蓝M-2GE染料的去除过程遵循一级动力学方程;催化剂重复使用后催化效果有所下降,但仍然可以保持在90%左右.因此,用水热法合成的催化剂Bi2WO6具有良好的可见光活性.

稀土Ce^(3+)掺杂Bi_2WO_6光催化降解罗丹明B的研究

采用水热合成法制备稀土元素Ce3+掺杂Bi2WO6光催剂,通过X射线衍射、场发射电镜扫描、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、N2物理吸附-脱附等手段对合成材料的结构、形貌、光吸收等物理化学性能进行表征,并以染料废水中罗丹明B的降解考察其光催化活性.结果表明,Ce3+掺杂量为0.05%时,其结晶度好、颗粒较均匀、具有较强的可见光吸收性能,且比表面积比纯Bi2WO6提高近10%以上,对罗丹明B的去除效果最好;催化剂用量越高、罗丹明B的初始浓度越低、反应溶液p H值越低、H2O2的浓度越高越有利于Ce/Bi2WO6对罗丹明B的吸附和降解;而阴阳离子的影响各不相同:NO3-、SO42-没有太大的影响;Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-的加入均促使的染料的去除;HCO3-抑制了罗丹明B的吸附,但是却促进了光降解.另外,经重复使用3次,光催化降解速率常数并没有降低,表明稀土Ce3+改性Bi2WO6是一种有效稳定的光催化剂.

BiOI/Bi_2WO_6对甲基橙和苯酚的光催化降解及光催化机理(英文)

采用简单的沉积方法制备了不同碘化氧铋含量的BiOI/Bi2WO6光催化剂,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和BET比表面积测量对其进行了表征。在紫外和可见光的照射下,使用甲基橙和苯酚的光催化降解评价了BiOI/Bi2WO6催化剂的光催化性能。结果表明:与商业P25和纯Bi2WO6相比,13.2%BiOI/Bi2WO6光催化剂具有更高的紫外和可见光催化性能。这明显增加的光催化活性主要归功于光生电子和空穴在Bi2WO6和BiOI界面上的有效转移,降低了电子-空穴对的复合。基于BiOI和Bi2WO6的能带结构,提出了光生载流子的一种转移过程。自由基清除剂的实验表明,·OH,h+,·O2-和H2O2,特别是h+,共同支配了甲基橙和苯酚的光催化降解过程。

还原氧化石墨烯修饰Bi_2WO_6提高其在可见光下的光催化性能(英文)

通过两步水热法合成了一种新型的还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)修饰的Bi2WO6(Bi2WO6-RGO),结果表明其在可见光下的光催化性能得到了显著的提高.研究了RGO在Bi2WO6-RGO中的含量对其光催化性能的影响,从而确定出RGO相对于Bi2WO6的最佳掺杂质量比值为1%.通过扫描电镜(SEM)研究发现,RGO并没有改变Bi2WO6光催化剂的结构和形貌.Bi2WO6-RGO在可见光下的光催化性能得以提高可以归功于RGO.其可能的机理是石墨烯的存在有利于光生载流子(激子)的分离,从而导致产生更多的O2●-用于有机染料污染物(如罗丹明B(RhB))的降解.RhB分子在石墨烯上的有效吸附可能也是导致Bi2WO6-RGO光催化性能提高的另一原因.

Bi_2WO_6的水热合成及其光催化性能研究

水热法合成了Bi2WO6粉体,并采用XRD、FESEM及UV-Vis分光光度计对样品进行表征,研究了不同合成条件对产物形貌和催化性能的影响.UV-Vis漫反射谱表明产物在紫外和可见光区域均有吸收.样品的光催化性能通过降解RhB溶液来评价.结果表明:180℃,pH=2下合成24h获得的Bi2WO6紫外光催化性能最好,反应速率常数为0.03688/min.还讨论了不同pH值对合成样品催化性能的影响.催化剂的稳定性实验通过180℃,pH=2下合成24h获得的Bi2WO6多次催化实验来评估,结果表明4次循环实验后,样品的催化性能未有明显地衰减.在可见光下照射150min,催化剂对染料的降解率达到38%.

Fe^(3+)掺杂三维分级纳米Bi_2WO_6的合成及其光催化活性增强机理(英文)

利用水热法合成了Fe3+掺杂的三维分级纳米Bi2WO6,借助X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、透射电镜(HRTEM)、能谱(EDS)、紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis-DRS)等测试手段对所得样品的相组成、形貌和谱学特征进行了表征。选择罗丹明B为模型污染物研究所得样品在可见光下的催化活性。结果表明,Fe3+掺杂Bi2WO6为新颖的分级纳米结构,且Fe3+掺杂能有效提高Bi2WO6的光催化活性,Fe3+掺杂量对Bi2WO6活性的影响显著;实验结果还表明,所得Fe3+掺杂Bi2WO6催化剂的稳定性较好,易于回收。此外,还对Fe3+掺杂Bi2WO6的光催化活性增强机理进行了研究,缺电子的Fe3+作为电子捕获中心有利于促进光生电子-空穴对的分离,从而提高Bi2WO6的光催化活性。

可见光响应Bi_2WO_6薄膜的制备与光电化学性能

采用非晶态配合物-提拉法在ITO导电玻璃基底上制备得到Bi2WO6薄膜.采用FE-SEM、XRD、Raman、DRS、光电流响应谱、IPCE等手段,研究了Bi2WO6薄膜的形貌、结构、光电性能以及薄膜结构与光电性能的关系.结果表明,450℃以上煅烧可以得到Bi2WO6结晶薄膜,薄膜由沿(131)晶面趋向生长的Bi2WO6纳米颗粒组成,颗粒的粒度随煅烧温度的升高而增大,同时颗粒之间的间距也相应增大.ITO/Bi2WO6薄膜电极在可见光(λ>400nm)照射下可以产生光电流,光电流强度与光强度线性相关;光电流强度和光电转换量子效率受Bi2WO6薄膜结构的影响,通过控制薄膜的煅烧温度等制备条件,可以提高薄膜光电极的光电转换量子效率.

多孔结构Bi_2WO_6光催化剂的制备及其模拟燃油催化氧化脱硫活性

采用水热法合成了多孔结构Bi2WO6光催化剂,借助X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线能量色散谱(EDS)、紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis-DRS)、N2吸附/脱附等测试手段对样品的物相组成、形貌、比表面孔径分布和光吸收特性等进行了表征。考察了水热温度、水热反应时间对Bi2WO6的形貌、比表面孔径分布和光吸收特性影响,并探讨了Bi2WO6光催化剂对模拟燃油的脱硫活性。结果表明,在强酸性条件下水热温度和水热时间对Bi2WO6的形貌、比表面积和催化活性影响显著,190℃水热反应2 h所得Bi2WO6为新颖的鸟巢状微晶,且鸟巢状Bi2WO6由片层状二级结构组装而成。XRD和EDS表明,鸟巢状结构的Bi2WO6为正交晶系,纯度较高。N2吸附脱附测试结果表明,鸟巢状Bi2WO6具有多孔结构,孔主要分布在10 nm,比表面积大约为17.49 m2/g。催化活性测试结果表明,三维介孔结构Bi2WO6具有较好的模拟燃油脱硫效果,在空气流量为100 mL/min,催化剂加入量为1.2 g/L,可见光照射180 min,模拟汽油脱硫率高达91.2%,且催化剂的稳定性能较好。

Bi_2WO_6可见光催化降解活性艳红X-3B的研究

采用水热合成法制备Bi2WO6催化剂,并通过XRD,UV-visDRS等手段对其进行表征;以活性艳红X-3B为目标污染物,研究催化剂量、X-3B初始浓度、反应溶液pH值以及H2O2等因素在可见光辐射下对其光催化降解效果的影响.结果表明,所制备的Bi2WO6催化剂结晶度好,具有较强的可见光吸收能力;最佳催化反应条件为:X-3B初始浓度20mg/L,Bi2WO6用量2g/L,pH5.18(原始pH值).在此条件下,光照60min,对X-3B的去除率可达到86%;加入2mL/L30%的H2O2,光照30min,降解率可达到96%以上,降解反应符合一级反应动力学.光催化反应可以有效地破坏X-3B的发色基团偶氮结构使其脱色,但在所设定的反应时间(80min)内X-3B不能被完全矿化,反应过程中有中间产物生成.

3D Bi_2WO_6/TiO_2异质结型光催化剂的制备以及增强的可见光催化性能

通过浸渍法合成了3D多组分Bi2WO6/TiO2异质结型复合光催化剂,多次浸渍使TiO2粒子层层沉积到花状Bi2WO6结构的表面。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、光致发光光谱(PL)以及紫外-可见漫反射(UV-Vis)吸收光谱分别对所制备的复合光催化剂进行了表征,并以500W氙灯为光源,罗丹明B(RhB)为降解对象,进行了光催化活性测试,考察了不同TiO2复合量对Bi2WO6光催化剂反应活性的影响。结果表明,异质结型Bi2WO6/TiO2复合光催化剂的光催化活性明显优于纯Bi2WO6和TiO2。当复合15%(质量分数)TiO2时,所制备的复合光催化剂最有效促进电子和空穴的分离,并且光催化活性得到提高。活性提高的原因是所形成的异质结特殊的界面能够显著地降低光生电子和空穴的复合几率,并且具有较高的光吸收能力。

花状结构Bi_2WO_6多孔微球：组装及光催化性能

利用表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)作为结构导向剂,在水热条件下合成了由纳米片组装而成的Bi2WO6花状多孔微球的新颖结构。探讨了反应时间、表面活性剂种类等因素对产物形貌、结构和性能的影响。在氙灯照射下,发现使用CTAB所得到的Bi2WO6比添加SDBS所得到的样品具有更高的催化罗丹明B降解的活性,原因是前者具有较大的比表面积和吸收阈值。同时提出了晶体可能的生长机理为各向异性生长特性和自组装-Ostwald熟化过程的结合。