Background: Procedures that require anesthesia of entire length of the arm should have combined Interscalene block (ISB) and Supraclavicular block (SCB) to ensure adequate block. However, dual block requires high dose...Background: Procedures that require anesthesia of entire length of the arm should have combined Interscalene block (ISB) and Supraclavicular block (SCB) to ensure adequate block. However, dual block requires high dose of local anesthetic (LA). We examined if Ultrasound (U/S) guided block helps to decrease the required volume of LA by visualizing trunks, so we only need injection of LA toward cervical nerve roots C5 and C6 aiming to block branches escaped from supraclavicular block. Patients and methods: Ninety-three patients were randomly allocated into one of three equal groups, each included 31 patients. All patients received SCB 20 ml (10 ml Bupivacaine 0.5% plus 10 ml lidocaine 2%) and ISB with different volumes of LA according to the group as follow: group A: 20 ml, group B: 15 ml, and group C: 10 ml. Result: No significant difference in onset of block (sensory and motor) and duration of block (motor only) between the three groups (P value > 0.05). The duration of sensory block was significantly longer in group A (760.65 ± 30.87 minutes) than in either group B (740.48 ± 21.15 minutes, P value P value P value P value P value P value < 0.001). Conclusion: A reduced volume of LA can be used in ultra sound guided ISB in combined with SCB to give satisfactory level of anesthesia to entire length of the arm, but the sensory block duration and duration of post-operative analgesia will be decreased significantly with decreasing the volume.展开更多
Background: Nalbuphine is a derivative of 14-hydroxymorphine which is a strong analgesic with mixed k agonist and μ antagonist. Nalbuphine was studied several times as adjuvant to local anesthetics in spinal, epidura...Background: Nalbuphine is a derivative of 14-hydroxymorphine which is a strong analgesic with mixed k agonist and μ antagonist. Nalbuphine was studied several times as adjuvant to local anesthetics in spinal, epidural and local intravenous block. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nalbuphine as an adjuvant to local anesthetics in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Patients and Methods: Fifty-six patients undergoing elective forearm and hand surgery under supraclavicular brachial plexus block were allocated randomly into one of two groups of 28 patients each to receive either 25 ml (0.5%) bupivacaine with 1 ml of NS or 25 ml (0.5%) bupivacaine with 1 ml (20 mg) nalbuphine. Onset time and duration of both sensory and motor block, and post-operative analgesia were observed. Result: Nalbuphine group showed significant increase in the duration of motor block (412.59 ± 18.63), when compared to control group (353.70 ± 29.019) p-value < 0.001, also, there was significant increase in sensory duration in nalbuphine group (718.14 ± 21.04) when compared to control group (610.18 ± 26.33) p-value < 0.001, without affecting the onset time of the blockade. And also, there was a significant increase in the duration of analgesic effect in nalbuphine group (835.18 ± 42.45) when compared to control group (708.14 ± 54.57) p-value < 0.001. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that addition of 20 mg nalbuphine to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block is associated with significant increase in the duration of both sensory and motor block and also prolong the duration of analgesia.展开更多
Background: Ultrasound-guided for regional anesthesia offers many potential benefits in the emergency setting. Analgesia can be explicitly targeted to the region of pain and provide relief for many hours and decrease ...Background: Ultrasound-guided for regional anesthesia offers many potential benefits in the emergency setting. Analgesia can be explicitly targeted to the region of pain and provide relief for many hours and decrease needing to the large volume of local anesthetic. The aim of the work: Comparing the efficacy of dexmedetomidine when used as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks on the onset of sensory, motor blockade and postoperative analgesia. Patients and methods: This prospective, randomized, single-blind clinical study conducted on 60 patients underwent upper limb surgery done by ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block;these patients allocated into two equal groups: Group I (control) received 20 ccs (19 cc bupivacaine 0.5% + 1 cc saline), Group II received 20 cc (19 cc bupivacaine 0.5% + 1 cc volume of Dexmedetomidine 1 ug/kg). Results: Demographic data and surgical characteristics were comparable in both groups. The onset times for sensory and motor blocks were significantly shorter in Group II than Group I (P Conclusion: We recommend adding Dexmedetomidine to local anesthetics in peripheral nerve blocks to take advantage of the prolonged time of both sensory and motor blocks and prolonged postoperative analgesia.展开更多
目的：测定锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞罗哌卡因的半数有效浓度（half-effective concentration,EC50）。方法：选择ASAⅠ－Ⅱ级上肢手术患者50例,采用神经刺激仪引导定位锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞。30 m in内评定麻醉效果,以VAS评分≤4分作为麻醉阳...目的：测定锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞罗哌卡因的半数有效浓度（half-effective concentration,EC50）。方法：选择ASAⅠ－Ⅱ级上肢手术患者50例,采用神经刺激仪引导定位锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞。30 m in内评定麻醉效果,以VAS评分≤4分作为麻醉阳性（有效）指标。罗哌卡因总量30 m l,初始浓度为0.30%,其后浓度采用双盲根据前一患者的麻醉效果序贯递增或递减,间隔浓度为0.025%。通过SPSS13.0统计软件,prob it回归确定EC50及95%可信区间。结果：在本研究条件下罗哌卡因用于锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞的EC50为0.295%,95%可信区间为0.276%－0.316%。结论：罗哌卡因用于神经刺激仪引导下的锁骨上臂丛阻滞的EC50为0.295%。术中辅助用药可能对其EC50的影响尚需进一步研究。展开更多
文摘Background: Procedures that require anesthesia of entire length of the arm should have combined Interscalene block (ISB) and Supraclavicular block (SCB) to ensure adequate block. However, dual block requires high dose of local anesthetic (LA). We examined if Ultrasound (U/S) guided block helps to decrease the required volume of LA by visualizing trunks, so we only need injection of LA toward cervical nerve roots C5 and C6 aiming to block branches escaped from supraclavicular block. Patients and methods: Ninety-three patients were randomly allocated into one of three equal groups, each included 31 patients. All patients received SCB 20 ml (10 ml Bupivacaine 0.5% plus 10 ml lidocaine 2%) and ISB with different volumes of LA according to the group as follow: group A: 20 ml, group B: 15 ml, and group C: 10 ml. Result: No significant difference in onset of block (sensory and motor) and duration of block (motor only) between the three groups (P value > 0.05). The duration of sensory block was significantly longer in group A (760.65 ± 30.87 minutes) than in either group B (740.48 ± 21.15 minutes, P value P value P value P value P value P value < 0.001). Conclusion: A reduced volume of LA can be used in ultra sound guided ISB in combined with SCB to give satisfactory level of anesthesia to entire length of the arm, but the sensory block duration and duration of post-operative analgesia will be decreased significantly with decreasing the volume.
文摘Background: Nalbuphine is a derivative of 14-hydroxymorphine which is a strong analgesic with mixed k agonist and μ antagonist. Nalbuphine was studied several times as adjuvant to local anesthetics in spinal, epidural and local intravenous block. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nalbuphine as an adjuvant to local anesthetics in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Patients and Methods: Fifty-six patients undergoing elective forearm and hand surgery under supraclavicular brachial plexus block were allocated randomly into one of two groups of 28 patients each to receive either 25 ml (0.5%) bupivacaine with 1 ml of NS or 25 ml (0.5%) bupivacaine with 1 ml (20 mg) nalbuphine. Onset time and duration of both sensory and motor block, and post-operative analgesia were observed. Result: Nalbuphine group showed significant increase in the duration of motor block (412.59 ± 18.63), when compared to control group (353.70 ± 29.019) p-value < 0.001, also, there was significant increase in sensory duration in nalbuphine group (718.14 ± 21.04) when compared to control group (610.18 ± 26.33) p-value < 0.001, without affecting the onset time of the blockade. And also, there was a significant increase in the duration of analgesic effect in nalbuphine group (835.18 ± 42.45) when compared to control group (708.14 ± 54.57) p-value < 0.001. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that addition of 20 mg nalbuphine to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block is associated with significant increase in the duration of both sensory and motor block and also prolong the duration of analgesia.
文摘Background: Ultrasound-guided for regional anesthesia offers many potential benefits in the emergency setting. Analgesia can be explicitly targeted to the region of pain and provide relief for many hours and decrease needing to the large volume of local anesthetic. The aim of the work: Comparing the efficacy of dexmedetomidine when used as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks on the onset of sensory, motor blockade and postoperative analgesia. Patients and methods: This prospective, randomized, single-blind clinical study conducted on 60 patients underwent upper limb surgery done by ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block;these patients allocated into two equal groups: Group I (control) received 20 ccs (19 cc bupivacaine 0.5% + 1 cc saline), Group II received 20 cc (19 cc bupivacaine 0.5% + 1 cc volume of Dexmedetomidine 1 ug/kg). Results: Demographic data and surgical characteristics were comparable in both groups. The onset times for sensory and motor blocks were significantly shorter in Group II than Group I (P Conclusion: We recommend adding Dexmedetomidine to local anesthetics in peripheral nerve blocks to take advantage of the prolonged time of both sensory and motor blocks and prolonged postoperative analgesia.
文摘目的：测定锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞罗哌卡因的半数有效浓度（half-effective concentration,EC50）。方法：选择ASAⅠ－Ⅱ级上肢手术患者50例,采用神经刺激仪引导定位锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞。30 m in内评定麻醉效果,以VAS评分≤4分作为麻醉阳性（有效）指标。罗哌卡因总量30 m l,初始浓度为0.30%,其后浓度采用双盲根据前一患者的麻醉效果序贯递增或递减,间隔浓度为0.025%。通过SPSS13.0统计软件,prob it回归确定EC50及95%可信区间。结果：在本研究条件下罗哌卡因用于锁骨上臂丛神经阻滞的EC50为0.295%,95%可信区间为0.276%－0.316%。结论：罗哌卡因用于神经刺激仪引导下的锁骨上臂丛阻滞的EC50为0.295%。术中辅助用药可能对其EC50的影响尚需进一步研究。
