Surface Plasmon and Fabry-Perot Enhanced Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect in Graphene Microribbons

A single sheet of graphene exhibits the ability to turn polarization of light by several degrees in modest magnetic fields. Here we demonstrate that giant angle rotation in graphene in the terahertz range can be realized and further increased by the introduction of surface plasmon and constructive Fabry Perot interference with the supporting substrate. The maximum Kerr rotation angle is up to 15° in a single layer of graphene ribbons at 6 TPIz for the applied magnetic field 4 T. Such a magnification in magneto-optical Kerr effect can be realized in a fairly large incident angle.

Magneto-optical Kerr and Faraday effects in bilayer antiferromagnetic insulators

Control and detection of antiferromagnetic topological materials are challenging since the total magnetization vanishes.Here we investigate the magneto-optical Kerr and Faraday effects in bilayer antiferromagnetic insulator Mn Bi2Te4.We find that by breaking the combined mirror symmetries with either perpendicular electric field or external magnetic moment,Kerr and Faraday effects occur.Under perpendicular electric field,antiferromagnetic topological insulators(AFMTI)show sharp peaks at the interband transition threshold,whereas trivial insulators show small adjacent positive and negative peaks.Gate voltage and Fermi energy can be tuned to reveal the differences between AFMTI and trivial insulators.We find that AFMTI with large antiferromagnetic order can be proposed as a pure magneto-optical rotator due to sizable Kerr(Faraday)angles and vanishing ellipticity.Under external magnetic moment,AFMTI and trivial insulators are significantly different in the magnitude of Kerr and Faraday angles and ellipticity.For the qualitative behaviors,AFMTI shows distinct features of Kerr and Faraday angles when the spin configurations of the system change.These phenomena provide new possibilities to optically detect and manipulate the layered topological antiferromagnets.

Determination of the magnetic anisotropy constant of Cu/Fe/SiO_2/Si by a magneto-optical Kerr effect susceptometer

The magneto-optical Kerr effect susceptometry technique is proposed to determine the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy （UMA） constant Ku. The magnetic properties of Cu/Fe/SiO2/Si grown by dc magnetron sputtering were investigated. The in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy was probed by the magneto-optical Kerr effect （MOKE）. The value of UMA, Ku = 2.5 x 103 J/m3, was simulated from the field dependence of ac susceptibility along the hard axis according to the Stoner-Wohlfarth （S-W） model, which is consistent with Ku = 2.7~ 103 J/m3 calculated from the magnetic hysteresis loops. Our results show that the magneto-optical Kerr effect susceptometry can be employed to determine the magnetic anisotropy constant owing to its high sensitivity.

Resonant magneto-optical Kerr effect induced by hybrid plasma modes in ferromagnetic nanovoids

With nanovoids buried in Co films, resonant structures were observed in spectra of polar magneto-optical Kerr effect（MOKE）, where both a narrow bandwidth and high intensity were acquired. Through changing the thickness of Co films and the lattice of voids, different optical modes were introduced. For a very shallow array of voids, the resonant MOKE was induced by Ag plasma edge resonance, for deeper ones, hybrid plasma modes, such as void plasmons in the voids, surface lattice plasmons between the voids, and the co-action of them, etc. resulted in resonant MOKE. We found that resonant MOKE resulted from the void plasmons resonance which possesses the narrowest bandwidth for the lowest absorption of voids. The simulated electromagnetic field（EF） distribution consolidated different effects of these three optical modes on resonant MOKE modulation. Such resonant polar MOKE possesses high sensitivity, which might pave the way to on-chip MO devices.

The subwavelength tuned magneto-optical Kerr effect in L1_0-FePt films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

For L10-FePt films with strong perpendicular anisotropy covered by arrays of hexagonal close-packed polystyrene spheres （PSSs）, fine structures are observed in magneto-optical Kerr rotation spectra in the visible spectral range. The reflection minima are found to be located at the same wavelengths as the Kerr rotation peaks. The Kerr rotation enhancement is attributed to the excitation of both the surface plasmon polariton in the dielectric PSS/metal interface and the guide waves （guide mode） in the PSS array. The two-dimensional PSSs/SiO2/FePt system exhibiting a tunable magneto-optical Kerr effect and a high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy will be helpful for designing and fabricating magneto-optics devices.

Study of magnetization reversal and anisotropy of single crystalline ultrathin Fe/MgO (001) film by magneto-optic Kerr effect

The magnetization reversal process of Fe/MgO （001） thin film is investigated by combining transverse and longi- tudinal hysteresis loops. Owing to the competition between domain wall pinning energy and weak uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, the typical magnetization reversal process of Fe ultrathin film can take place via either an ＂l-jump＂ process near the easy axis, or a ＂2-jump＂ process near the hard axis, depending on the applied field orientation. Besides, the hysteresis loop presents strong asymmetry resulting from the variation of the detected light intensity due to the quadratic magneto-optic effect. Furthermore, we modify the detectable light intensity formula and simulate the hysteresis loops of the Kerr signal. The results show that they are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Study on Physical Process of Surface Oxidation of Rare Earth-Transition Metal Amorphous Magneto-Optical Thin Films

By using surface effects(Auger electron spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,polar Kerr effect)and volume effects(magnetization,torque curve)the physical process of surface oxidation of rare earth-transition metal amorphous magneto-optical thin films was studied in this paper.The rare earth elements oxidize preferentially and rich at the film surface,and the transition metals deplete in oxidation layer.Fe_2O_3 in the surface oxidation layer contributes to the planar magnetization,and thereby the anomalous peak appears near 180° on the torque curves and the amplitude of the peaks is related to the depth of surface oxidation layers.The iron bonds to oxygen easier than the cobolt.RE-Co magneto-optieal thin films have good properties of resistance to oxidation and humidity.

基于Kerr效应的绝缘子表面电场在线测量系统

为了有助于快脉冲功率装置中真空绝缘子的正确设计,避免其沿面闪络,研制了1套基于Kerr效应的可以在线测量快脉冲高电压作用下的真空绝缘子表面电场的电光测量系统。该测量系统由基于Marx发生器和脉冲形成线的快脉冲高电压源(100ns,200～350kV)、基于Nd:YAG倍频脉冲激光器的探测光源(532nm,8ns)、抗强电磁干扰的同步控制系统、被测中空薄壁绝缘子及Kerr效应单元、相位差检测系统(Mach-Zehnder干涉仪)等部分构成。在分析了快脉冲高电压作用下在线测量的必要性后介绍了该测量系统各部分的组成、工作原理、运行参数及初步实验结果。

基于 Kerr 效应的绝缘子表面 Laplace 电场光斑图像计算

通过比较外加Laplace电场和Possion电场的Kerr效应光斑图像,可以定性了解沿面闪络前绝缘子表面电场的畸变程度。为此,提出了一种Laplace场Kerr效应光斑图像的计算方法,并通过该方法获得了平板电极之间Kerr液体间隙的Laplace场光斑图像。将所得计算图像与同一间隙在线测量得到的Laplace场光斑图像进行对比,证实了该计算方法的有效性。计算结果表明:空间的电场分布与激光的光强分布存在唯一对应关系;在100 kV电压下,平板电极间由Kerr效应引起的激光光强呈对称条纹分布,出现4级亮条纹且条纹向中心弯曲。

磁光薄膜表面反射二次谐波Kerr效应的理论研究

利用级数展开法,推出了磁光薄膜各晶面对p极化光反射的二次谐波强度和磁光Kerr角;分析了入射角与各晶面反射的二次谐波强度及磁光Kerr角的相互关系,结果发现:①各晶面反射的二次谐波强度与入射光的强度之比正比于入射光的强度,且是入射角的函数,同时其比值在入射角的取值范围内存在极值;②各晶面反射的二次谐波的Kerr角与入射光的强度无关,只与薄膜的性质和入射角有关;③从保护薄膜的角度来看,读写激光不宜采用正入射方式.

Giant enhancement of Kerr rotation in two-dimensional Bismuth iron garnet/Ag photonic crystals

Kerr effects of two-dimensional （2D） Bismuth iron garnet （BIG）/Ag photonic crystals （PCs） combined magnetic and plasmonic functionalities is investigated with the effective medium theory. An analytical expression of Kerr rotation angles is derived, in which the effects of the surface pasmons polaritons （SPP） on magneto--optical （MO） activities are reflected. The largest enhancement of Kerr rotation up to now is demonstrated, which is improved three orders of magnitude compared with that of BIG film. When λ 〈 750 nm all of the reflection are over 10% for the arbitrary filling ratio fl, in addition, the enhancement of Kerr rotation angles are at least one order of magnitude.

Magneto-optical Kerr effect in Co_xAg_(1-x) nanostructured granular films

A series of CoxAg1-x nanostructured granular films have been prepared by ion beam sputtering and annealed at 100, 250, 400, 5001. The optical constants, the complex dielectric func-tion and magneto-optical Kerr parameters were measured at room temperature. For the samples hav-ing low Co compositions, the strong Kerr effect enhancement is observed around the Ag plasma edge. With an increase in annealing temperature, the resonance-like peaks appear in the Kerr rotation, and the peak positions are shifted toward the low photon energy region. From the analysis of the numerical calculations, it is concluded that the magneto-optical Kerr effect enhancement (MOKE) is due to the presence of the steep plasma edge.

Frequency dependence of magnetization and giant magneto impedance effect of amorphous wires

The frequency dependence of magnetization process and giant magneto impedance （GMI） effect of Co-rich melt-extracted amorphous wires was studied by Kerr effect and impedance analyzer, respectively. It is demonstrated that the transverse Kerr intensity and the corresponding GMI response increase with increasing frequency, which contributes to the upgraded skin effect. However, the skin depth has a slothful trend with frequency when it is up to the megahertz range, which gives rise to the transformation of magnetization. The process is much more sensitive to the direct current magnetic field and the sensitive change of the circular permeability, and GMI response is observed as its consequence. This proves that the evolution of circumferential magnetization and the corresponding permeability with the direct current magnetic field is the essence of GMI response, and a much more sensitive magnetization promises a better GMI response.

Improving the sensitivity of DC magneto-optical Kerr effect measurement to 10^(-7)rad/√Hz

A high-sensitivity DC magneto-optical Kerr effect(MOKE)apparatus is described in this Letter.Via detailed analysis on several dominatingnoise sources,we have proposed solutions that significantly lower the MOKE noise,and a sensitivity of 1.5×10^(-7)rad/√Hz is achieved with long-term stability.The sensitivity of the apparatus is tested by measuring a wedgeshaped Ni thin film on SiO_(2)with Ni thickness varying from 0 to 3 nm.A noise floor of 1.5×10^(-8)rad is demonstrated.The possibility of further improving sensitivity to 10^(-9)rad via applying AC modulation is also discussed.

Surface effects on cylindrical indentation of a soft layer on a rigid substrate

In this paper,theoretical and numerical methods are combined to investigate the two-dimensional,cylindrical indentation of an elastic soft layer bonded on a rigid substrate.By incorporating the Gurtin-Murdoch’s theory of surface elasticity into the Kerr model,we account for surface effects on the indentation behavior of a soft layer.The governing differential relation between the surface pressure and displacement of the film-substrate system is derived.For an incompressible thin layer,the explicit solutions are derived,which are simple and easy-to-use.Finite element simulations are performed using an explicit restart algorithm to study the indentation properties of the layer-substrate system and to examine the validity and accuracy of the theoretical solutions.This work holds promise for applications in mechanical characterization of soft materials,such as biological tissues and cells.

含光学非线性介质薄膜对表面等离子波的影响

表面等离子体是在金属和电介质交界面上所形成的电荷层,在电磁波的激励下表面等离子体会发生共振现象,影响电磁波的传播。为了拓宽表面等离子体共振技术的应用,研究了多层纳米膜结构中的表面等离子体共振,并且根据Fresnel公式和Walpita描述的矩阵方法,计算了光在含有非线性介质的多层纳米膜中传播时的反射率R,其中非线性介质具有光克尔效应和双光子吸收。应用Matlab软件,画出了反射系数R和入射角θ之间的关系曲线。进一步讨论了光学非线性对表面等离子体共振角谱的影响,其中光强在0.5×1012W/m2到1.5×1012W/m2的范围内,Rmin随着入射光强的增加而变大,而θp随入射光强的增加而呈递减的趋势。

一种新型表面磁光克尔效应测量系统

研制了一种新型的科研教学两用的表面磁光克尔效应测量系统,给出了该测量系统的设计方案、结构、技术性能、实验原理及使用方法.该测量系统可用于磁光器件、磁性薄膜及不同材料多层磁性薄膜特性参数的测量.

用表面磁光克尔效应实验系统测量铁磁性薄膜的磁滞回线

用自制的表面磁光克尔效应实验系统开发了研究性近代物理实验,测出铁磁性薄膜的磁滞回线,并求得克尔旋转角和克尔椭偏率.

新型表面磁光克尔效应实验测量系统

用自制的表面磁光克尔效应实验系统,研究了软铁薄膜的克尔旋转角和克尔椭偏率,并观察到它的磁畴结构变化.该系统采用先进的CCD成像数码技术,计算机图像处理技术以及可视化嵌入式编程技术,使操作和维护画面更加方便,直观.

真空绝缘子脉冲表面电场在线测量系统的实现

基于Kerr电光效应,建立了用以对纳秒脉冲高电压作用下的真空绝缘子表面电场进行在线测量的实验系统。该测量系统由快脉冲高电压源、YAG激光器、同步控制系统、被测中空薄壁绝缘子及Kerr效应单元、光学相位差检测系统等部分构成。利用YAG激光器输出的激光脉冲,触发导通快脉冲高压源中的高压气体开关,使其给被测绝缘子试品上施加一个脉宽100ns的高压脉冲方波。利用同步控制,使得探测激光在试品上的脉冲方波达到幅值后,入射到Kerr腔体中对Kerr效应进行探测。从而实现了对绝缘子表面电场的在线测量,并给出了初步的测量结果。