Evaluation of High-Resolution WRF Model Simulations of Surface Wind over the West Coast of India

This paper presents results from a statistical validation of the hindcasts of surface wind by a high-reso-ution-mesoscale atmospheric numerical model Advanced Research WRF （ARW3.3）, which is set up to force the operational coastal ocean forecast system at Indian Na- tional Centre for Ocean Information Services （INCOIS）. Evaluation is carried out based on comparisons of day-3 forecasts of surface wind with in situ and remote-sensing data. The results show that the model predicts the surface wind fields fairly accurately over the west coast of India, with high skill in predicting the surface wind during the pre-monsoon season. The model predicts the diurnal variability of the surface wind with reasonable accuracy. The model simulates the land-sea breeze cycle in the coastal region realistically, which is very clearly observed during the northeast monsoon and pre-monsoon season and is less prominent during the southwest monsoon season.

Electromagnetic interaction between local surface plasmon polaritons and an atmospheric surface wave plasma jet

We analyze the electromagnetic interaction between local surface plasmon polaritons （SPPs） and an atmospheric surface wave plasma jet （ASWPJ） in combination with our designed discharge device. Before discharge, the excitation of the SPPs and the spatial distribution of the enhanced electric field are analyzed. During discharge, the critical breakdown electric field of the gases at atmospheric gas pressure and the surface wave of the SPPs converted into electron plasma waves at resonant points are studied. After discharge, the ionization development process of the ASWPJ is simulated using a two- dimensional fluid model. Our results suggest that the local enhanced electric field of SPPs is merely the precondition of gas breakdown, and the key mechanism in maintaining the discharge development of a low-power ASWPJ is the wave-mode conversion of the local enhanced electric field at the resonant point.

STUDY ON THE SURFACE ELECTRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAKE GRAPHITE AND THE MECHANISM OF ABSORPTION MEDICAMENT

It is of important significance to make studies on the sur-face electric characteristics of flake graphite and their variation law for strengthening the floatation of flake graphite.In this paper, DPM type microelectrophoresis apparatus is used to de-termine the surface Zeta-potential of flake graphite pure mineral, study the affection of pulp pH value, seueral kinds of inorganic salt ions and anion surface activation agent (petroleum sodium sulfonate ) on flake graphite surface Zeta-potential,and explore the surface absorption charac-teristics of graphite.The floatation experiment of flake graphite pure mineral shows that both the petroleum sodium sulfonate and inorganic salt can strengthen the conventional floatation of flake graphite. The surface characteristic varia-tion caused by them is also an important factor to promote graphite floata-tion.

Surface Properties of Cu Doped La-Ni Intermetallic Compounds

A series of Cu-doped La-Ni intermetallic compounds(LaN5-xCux, x = 0-4) was studied. The bulk structure and surface composition of the samples were detected before and after they were used as catalyst for nitrobenzene hydrogennation. The catalytic properties of the intermetallic compounds depend on the surface region composition, especially on the valence of the metal ions.

基于隆起变形分析的基坑坑底抗隆起稳定可靠度分析

采用土体硬化(Hardening Soil)模型,在PLAXIS 2D中建立基坑开挖数值模型,在获取坑底特征点隆起变形数据的基础上构建坑底隆起变形超限失效模式对应的极限状态函数,为提高计算效率,应用响应面法代替有限元计算快速获取坑底特征点隆起变形值,结合蒙特卡罗模拟方法进行坑底抗隆起稳定性可靠度分析,分析结果表明:第三层土的卸载再加载模量E_(3)^(ur)以及有效内摩擦角φ’_(3)的变异性对坑底抗隆起稳定性影响显著;第一层土的有效黏聚力c’_(1)、有效内摩擦角φ’_(1)、割线模量E_(1)^(50)、切线模量E_(1)^(oed)以及第二层土的有效黏聚力c’_(2)的变异性对坑底抗隆起稳定性影响较小,但相对而言,第二层土的有效黏聚力c’_(2)对坑底抗隆起稳定性的影响较大;对于坑底土体为粉砂的深基坑来说,对坑内土体进行加固可以有效约束坑底隆起变形。

北虫草液体菌种培养基优化及胞外多糖抗氧化性初探

针对北虫草人工栽培中菌丝液体发酵培养菌丝长速慢,产量不高的问题。研究引入了用于人工栽培的北虫草菌种(Cordyceps militaris),对其液体发酵培养基进行了优化并提取北虫草胞外多糖测定其抗氧化活性。结果表明,单因素筛选实验及Plackett-Burman分析表明最佳碳源、氮源、无机盐分别为蔗糖、酵母粉、磷酸二氢钾。爬坡试验进一步得出,当蔗糖浓度为25 g·L^(-1)、酵母粉为6 g·L^(-1)、磷酸二氢钾为2 g·L^(-1)时,北虫草生物量达到较大值2.113 g·L^(-1)。最后经中心组合试验设计和响应面法分析得出,最佳培养基配方为:蔗糖26.364 g·L^(-1)、酵母粉6.699 g·L^(-1)、磷酸二氢钾2.093 g·L^(-1),此时菌丝干重达到最大值为2.314 g·L^(-1)。验证实验表明结果准确,产量提升了107.34%。对胞外多糖提取物的DPPH自由基及ABTS自由基清除率,超氧阴离子自由基与脂质过氧化抑制率测定试验表明清除率与样品浓度呈正相关。

碳化硅衬底磨抛加工技术的研究进展与发展趋势

碳化硅衬底难加工的材料特性叠加其大尺寸化、超薄化的放大效应,给现有的加工技术带来了巨大的挑战,高效率、高质量的碳化硅衬底加工技术成了当下的研究热点.本文综述了碳化硅衬底机械磨抛加工技术和化学反应磨抛加工技术的研究进展,对比各类磨抛技术的特点,指出碳化硅衬底磨抛加工技术面临的挑战和发展趋势,以期为大尺寸碳化硅衬底的高质量、高效率、低成本加工提供新的思路和方法.

一种基于光学的水表面微波跨介质探测方法

水下声信号的传播和探测研究主要集中在散射、反射和传播损失等方面,而对其在水面引起的波动关注较少。本文在理论上推导了在水下平面波入射在水-空气界面激励的水表面微波与声源强度和频率的关系。这种水表面微波的振幅在纳米级别,振动频率和水下平面波的频率相同,在水-空气界面的扩散距离则随频率的升高而强烈衰减。基于水表面微波的特性,结合激光探测的工作原理,设计了一套跨介质水下目标检测系统。并为该系统可能受到的低频海浪噪声干扰和反射干扰提供了应对方式。仿真结果表明:该系统分辨率高,具有隐蔽性、易于维护性、无接触性等特点,对低频声源的检测效果较好。该方法结合了声波在水中和光波在空气中传播各自的优点,有望成为水下目标检测的一种新手段。

银锭浇铸装置自动化改造及应用

文章介绍了银锭浇铸装置的工作原理及现场使用存在的问题,通过对问题的分析确定了改造措施。经过改造后,浇铸装置实现了由原有的手动操作蜕变成了自动化操作,降低了操作人员的劳动强度,避免了浇铸银锭时,温度高达1000℃的高温溶液对操作人员的高温辐射伤害,同时,提高了浇铸装置的自动化水平,生产效率也大幅提升。

Interannual variations of the air-sea carbon dioxide exchange in the different regions of the Pacific Ocean

Interannual variations of the air-sea CO2 exchange from 1965 to 2000 in the Pacific Ocean are studied with a Pacific Ocean model. Two numerical experiments are performed, including the control run that is forced by climatological monthly mean physical data and the climate-change run that is forced by interannually varying monthly mean physical data. Climatological monthly winds are used in both runs to calculate the coefficient of air-sea CO2 exchange. The analysis through the differences between the two runs shows that in the tropical Pacific the variation of export production induced by interannual variations of the physical fields is negatively correlated with that of the air-sea CO2 flux, while there is no correlation or a weak positive correlation in the subtropical North and South Pacific. It indicates that the variation of the physical fields can modulate the variation of the air-sea CO2 flux in converse ways in the tropical Pacific by changing the direct transport and biochemical process. Under the interannually varying monthly mean forcing, the simulated EOF 1 of the air-sea CO2 flux is basically consistent with that of sea surface temperature （SST） in the tropical Pacific, but contrary in the two subtropical Pacific Ocean. The correlation coefficient between the regionally integrated air-sea CO2 flux and area-mean SST shows that when the air-sea CO2 flux lags SST by about 5 months, the positive coefficient in the three regions is largest, indicating that in the tropical Pacific or on the longer time scale in the three regions, physical processes control the fiux-SST relationship.

Modification of polycarbonateurethane surface with poly （ethylene glycol） monoacrylate and phosphorylcholine glyceraldehyde for anti-platelet adhesion

Poly（ethylene glycol） monoacrylate （PEGMA） is grafted onto polycarbonateurethane （PCU） surface via ultraviolet initiated photopolymerization. The hydroxyl groups of poly（PEGMA） on the surface react with one NCO group of isophorone diisocyanate （IPD1） and another NCO group of IPDI is then hydrolyzed to form amino terminal group, which is further grafted with phosphorylcholine glyceraldehyde to establish a biocompatible hydrophilic structure on the surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm the successful grafting of both PEG and phosphorylcholine functional groups on the surface. The decrease of the water contact angle for the modified film is caused by synergic effect of PEG and phosphorylcholine, which both have the high hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the number of platelets adhered is relative low on the synergetically modified PCU film compared with the PCU film modified only by poly（PEGMA）. Our synergic modification method using both PEG and phosphorylcho- line may be applied in surface modification of bloodcontacting biomaterials and some relevant devices.

Statistical and Probability Quantification of Hydrologic Dynamics in the Lake Tuscaloosa Watershed, Alabama, USA

Interconnected components of water cycle, including surface water, groundwater, and precipitation, can exhibit complex hydrologic dynamics. This study investigates dynamics embedded in surface water, groundwater, and precipitation time series data in the Lake Tuscaloosa watershed located in northern Alabama, using standard statistics and non-stationarity analysis. Standard statistics analysis shows that less water is available in this watershed over time. A significant correlation between different data sets is found, and groundwater is found to be slower evolving than its nearby surface systems. Non-stationarity analysis based on time scale-local Hurst exponents calculated by the multifractal detrended fluctuation approach shows that, on one hand, the stream system exhibits non-stationarity properties similar to precipitation, as expected. On the other hand, groundwater and lake stage non-stationarity is found to be influenced by the seasonal variation in rainfall and the long-term anthropogenic factors. Therefore, sustainability of surface water and aquifer may be affected by natural input and/or anthropogenic activity, both of which can evolve non-stationary in different time scales.

关于在地下水严重超采区域利用蓄滞洪区建设地表调蓄水库的思考

基于兼顾遏制地下水超采与确保冬小麦稳产这一可持续发展理念,以京津以南河北平原这个地下水严重超采的区域为例,从冬小麦生育期农田灌溉必须实施多水源配置的观点出发,结合海河“23·7”流域性特大洪水发生后所启用的蓄滞洪区,就利用蓄滞洪区建设地表调蓄水库对雨洪资源化或生活污水资源化及跨流域输水工程需要调蓄库容这3个方面的作用进行了初步探讨。

智能超表面使能无人机高能效通信信道建模与传输机理分析

智能超表面(Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface,RIS)作为第六代(Sixth Generation,6G)移动通信中的潜在关键技术之一,具有低成本、低能耗和易于部署等特点.通过给电磁单元上的可调元件施加控制信号,可以实现对入射信号的幅度、相位、极化等调控,从而构造智能化的通信环境,为终端高能效无线通信提供了契机.本文首先基于无人机通信技术发展现状,阐明了将RIS技术引入无人机通信系统的必要性;然后,分析了RIS使能无人机高能效通信信道的传输机理,归纳了信道建模关键技术;最后针对RIS使能无人机高能效通信信道建模,总结和展望了未来的技术挑战与研究方向.

AuCu和石墨烯助催化剂协同增强氮化碳的光催化性能

在热解法合成石墨相C_(3)N_(4)的基础上,先后采用溶剂热法和共沉淀法将石墨烯和AuCu双金属纳米颗粒负载到C_(3)N_(4)表面,得到AuCu/石墨烯/C_(3)N_(4)复合光催化剂。采用XRD、IR、BET、TEM、XPS、Absorption、PL、电化学等技术对AuCu/石墨烯/C_(3)N_(4)的结构进行分析,并详细评估其在可见光下分解水制氢和还原CO_(2)的性能。石墨烯的负载可以增加材料的比表面积,促进光生电荷的迁移。AuCu双金属以合金的形式负载于石墨烯/C_(3)N_(4)表面,平均粒径3.7nm。纳米Au的表面等离共振效应能拓宽材料的光谱吸收范围,而第二金属Cu的引入能加速光生电子的分离和传输。因此,石墨烯和AuCu双助催化剂的负载能显著增强C_(3)N_(4)的光催化性能。当AuCu的原子比为3:2、AuCu和石墨烯的负载量分别为0.5和1wt%时,得到的Au_(3)Cu_(2)/GC复合光催化剂表现出最佳的光催化性能,其分解水制氢的速率达到324.8μmol/h,光催化还原CO_(2)制取CH_(4)的活性和选择性分别为36.1μmol/hg和91.3%,并表现出良好的光催化稳定性。

人源Cathelicidins家族抗菌肽LL-37生物学功能和分子修饰研发进展

抗生素过度或不当使用导致细菌耐药性增强、环境生态恶化等问题日益严重。抗菌肽(Antimicrobial peptides,AMPs)因具有广谱抗菌活性及不易产生耐药性的膜溶解式抑菌机理被广泛研究。作为人体中唯一的Cathelicidins家族AMP,LL-37具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗生物被膜和免疫调节等功能,可帮助机体有效预防炎症、抵御病原体入侵,开发潜力巨大。通过综述LL-37表达和已发现的生物学功能,梳理其产业化进程中的阻碍和分子改造策略,以期为基于LL-37的新药临床、非营养性饲料添加剂创制和表面防腐剂研发提供新思路。

上置式烧结余热锅炉在环冷机余热回收利用实践

为解决因烧结机区域空间狭小无法安装余热回收利用设备的难题,宁波钢铁有限公司通过采用上置式环冷机余热锅炉系统,将余热锅炉直接布置在环冷机高温段烟罩上部,节省了设备安装空间,缩短了烟气循环管路,降低了烟气余热损失和烟气管路阻力损失。同时对环冷机进行密封改造,减少系统漏风,提高了烟气余热回收量,实现了2#烧结机环冷机的余热回收利用,取得了显著经济效益和社会效益。

PS-PVD热障涂层柱状结构沉积调控及表面改性

等离子-物理气相沉积(PS-PVD)具有涂层多结构调控的特性,为高隔热、长寿命热障涂层的制备提供可能,是实现未来高性能航空发动机发展的关键技术之一。PS-PVD柱状结构涂层独特的微观结构使其兼具高隔热和热循环寿命长的双重优势,在航空发动机热障涂层领域有着广阔的应用前景。但PS-PVD柱状结构涂层工艺调控是在大量的实验基础上实现的,缺少相关的理论研究,而且高孔隙率的柱状结构涂层面临的CaO-MgO-Al 2O 3-SiO 2(CMAS)腐蚀失效问题仍然限制着涂层的使用。本文从涂层结构特征入手,阐述了沉积单元相态对涂层结构的影响规律,揭示了柱状结构涂层的气相沉积机理。在此基础上分析了涂层结构的工艺影响,并基于涂层材料在射流内的相态转变,从理论层面阐明了工艺参数调控的本质。此外,分析了PS-PVD柱状结构涂层CMAS腐蚀失效机理,阐述了表面镀铝改性对涂层抗CMAS腐蚀性能的影响机制,并对PS-PVD涂层结构调控和性能提升以及PS-PVD技术在环境障涂层和功能薄膜等领域的应用进行了展望。

基于黄土隧道洞口浅埋段的Peck公式修正

黄土隧道洞口施工地表沉降开裂影响施工安全,以往采用Peck公式进行研究,存在预测精度等问题。为更准确地预测黄土隧道洞口浅埋段地表沉降,以临夏-大河家高速公路胡林家隧道为例,基于进口段实测数据,采用线性回归法对Peck公式进行优化。引入最大沉降量Smax修正系数α、降槽宽度i的修正系数β和隧道开挖进尺对最大沉降量影响的系数α1,确定修正系数得出Peck修正公式。基于洞口浅埋段开挖进尺与最大沉降间的影响关系,发现埋深对Smax修正系数与沉降槽宽度的作用规律,构建黄土隧道洞口浅埋段施工参数对地表沉降关系模型。实测数据样本点分布在修正后的Peck公式上下限之间,修正后的Peck公式误差减少,对临夏等地区黄土隧道洞口浅埋段的适用性较好。

带有输出约束的水面船舶实际有限时间控制

考虑带有输出约束的水面船舶系统,提出一种自适应神经网络航迹跟踪实际有限时间控制算法.基于反步法设计有限时间控制律,构造障碍李雅普诺夫函数处理输出约束问题,采用神经网络逼近船舶模型中的不确定信息.在控制算法递推过程中,通过设计一个关于跟踪误差的可微幂函数来避免控制器中的奇异问题.借助李雅普诺夫稳定性分析理论,证明了航迹跟踪误差在有限时间内收敛到有界的邻域内.最后,以一艘1:70的比例模型船作为仿真对象,来验证所提出的航迹跟踪实际有限时间控制算法的有效性.