Electrical Excitation of Long-Range Surface Plasmons in PC/OLED Structure with Two Metal Nanolayers

A current-driven source of long-range surface plasmons(LRSPs)on a duplex metal nanolayer is reported.Electrical excitation of LRSPs was experimentally observed in a planar structure,where an organic light-emitting film was sandwiched between two metal nanolayers that served as electrodes.To achieve the LRSP propagation in these metal nanolayers at the interface with air,the light-emitting structure was bordered by a one-dimensional photonic crystal(PC)on the other side.The dispersion of the light emitted by such a hybrid PC/organic-light-emitting-diode structure(PC/OLED)comprising two thin metal electrodes was obtained,with a clearly identified LRSP resonance peak.

The determination of the thickness and the optical dispersion property of gold film using spectroscopy of a surface plasmon in the frequency domain

We propose to use wavelength modulation approach,i.e.,the spectroscopy of a surface plasmon in the frequency domain,to characterize the optical dispersion property of gold film.Using this method,we determine the dispersion relationship of gold film in a wavelength range from 537.12 nm to 905.52 nm,and our results accord well with the reported results by other authors.This method is particularly suited for studying the optical dispersion properties of thin metal films,because a series of dielectric constants over a wide spectral range can be determined simultaneously via only a single scan of the incident angle,thereby avoiding the repeated measurements required when using the angular modulation approach.

Subwavelength negative-index waveguiding enabled by coupled spoof magnetic localized surface plasmons

Magnetic localized surface plasmon modes are supported on metallic spiral structures. Coupling mechanisms for these metamaterial resonators, which are the joint action of magnetic and electric coupling, are studied. Based on the strong coupling, spoof magnetic plasmon modes propagating in the backward direction are proposed along a chain of subwavelength resonators. The theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and experiments are in good agreement. The proposed novel route for achieving negative-index waveguiding has potential applications in integrated devices and circuits.

Description of squeezed surface plasmons

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are the combined electron oscillations and electromagnetic waves propagating along the interface between a conductor and a dielectric. Recently Huck et al. [Huck A, et al. Phys Rev Lett, 2009, 102: 246802] proved that SPPs can be in a squeezed state, and the squeezed surface plasmons can propagate in a gold waveguide. In this paper, we introduce a quantum mechanical description of the squeezed surface plasmons at first, and discuss the influence of the waveguide losses on the squeezed surface plasmons.

Theoretical study of photon emission from single quantum dot emitter coupled to surface plasmons

Motivated by the recent pioneering advances on nanoscale plasmonics and also nanophotonics tech- nology based on the surface plasmons （SPs）, in this work, we give a master equation model in the Lindblad form and investigate the quantum optical properties of single quantum dot （QD） emitter coupled to the SPs of a metallic nanowire. Our main results demonstrate the QD luminescence results of photon emission show three distinctive regimes depending on the distance between QD and metallic nanowire, which elucidates a crossover passing from being metallic dissipative for much smaller emitter-nanowire distances to surface plasmon （SP） emission for larger separations at the vicinity of plasmonic metallic nanowire. Besides, our results also indicate that, for both the resonant case and the detuning case, through measuring QD emitter luminescence spectra and second-order correlation functions, the information about the QD emitter coupling to the SPs of the dissipative metallic nanowire can be extracted. This theoretical study will serve as an introduction to un- derstanding the nanoplasmonic imaging spectroscopy and pave a new way to realize the quantum information devices.

Surface plasmon polariton waveguides with subwavelength confinement

Surface plasmon polaritons（SPPs） are evanescent waves propagating along metal-dielectric interfaces, which provide an effective way to realize optical wave guiding with subwavelength confinement. Metallic nanostructures supporting SPPs,that is, plasmonic waveguides, are considered as required components to construct nanophotonic devices and circuits with a high degree of miniaturization and integration. In this paper, various types of plasmonic waveguides operating in the visible, infrared, and terahertz regions are reviewed, and the status of the research on their fundamentals, fabrications,and applications is provided as well. First, we discuss the mechanisms of SPPs beyond the diffraction limit, and their launching methods. Then, the characteristics of SPPs on various plasmonic waveguides are reviewed, including top-down and bottom-up fabricated types. Considering applications, certain prototypes of plasmonic devices and circuits constructed by plasmonic waveguides for bio/chemo sensing, router, and light modulation are demonstrated. Finally, a summary and future outlook of plasmonic waveguides are given.

A saccharides sensor developed by symmetrical optical waveguide-based surface plasmon resonance

We proposed a new saccharides sensor developed by symmetrical optical waveguide(SOW)-based surface plasmon resonance(SPR).This unique MgF_(2)/Au/MgF_(2)/Analyte film structure results in longer suface plasmon wave(SPW)propagation lengths and depths,leading to an increment of resolution.In this paper,we managed to decorate the dielectric interface(MgF_(2) layer)by depositing a thin polydopamine film as surface adherent that provides a platform for secondary reactions with the probe molecule.3-Aminophenylboronic acid(3-PBA)is chosen to be the saccharides sense probe molecule in the present work.The aqueous huumnor of Diabetes and Cataract patient whose blood glucose level is normal are analyzed and the results dermonstrated that this sensor shows great potential in monitoring the blood siugar and can be adapted in the field of biological monitoring in the future.

RESEARCH ON WATER QUALITY TESTS BASED ON OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE TECHNOLOGY

The water quality testing principle by surface plasmon resonance(SPR)is introduced.Using the scanning mode angular spectral testing and the CCD angular spectral testing,a kind of highresolution,wide-range,and portable optical waveguide SPR angular spectral testing system is studied,the method of improving the testing accuracy is discussed,and a long-life surface plasmon optical waveguide transducer is also proposed.Utilizing the SPR testing system,we contrastively tack some test for several sorts of solution,the results presented that significant differences of SPR peaks observed in different sorts of liquid,which indicated the effectiveness of SPR technology used in water quality testing and analysis.

Dual-channel fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance sensor with cascaded coaxial dual-waveguide D-type structure and microsphere structure

To address the restriction of fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance(SPR) sensors in the field of multi-sample detection, a novel dual-channel fiber-optic SPR sensor based on the cascade of coaxial dual-waveguide D-type structure and microsphere structure is proposed in this paper. The fiber sidepolishing technique converts the coaxial dual-waveguide fiber into a D-type one, and the evanescent wave in the ring core leaks, generating a D-type sensing region;the fiber optic fused ball push technology converts the coaxial dual waveguides into microspheres, and the stimulated cladding mode evanescent wave leaks, producing the microsphere sensing region. By injecting light into the coaxial dual-waveguide middle core alone, the sensor can realize single-stage sensing in the microsphere sensing area;it can also realize dual-channel sensing in the D-type sensing area and microsphere sensing area by injecting light into the ring core. The refractive index measurement ranges for the two channels are 1.333–1.365 and 1.375–1.405, respectively, with detection sensitivities of 981.56 nm/RIU and 4138 nm/RIU. The sensor combines wavelength division multiplexing and space division multiplexing technologies, presenting a novel research concept for multi-channel fiber SPR sensors.

Influence on Multimode Rectangular Optical Waveguide Propagation Loss by Surface Roughness

Optical scattering loss coefficient of muhimode rectangular waveguide is analyzed in this work. First, the effective refrac tive index and the mode field distribution of waveguide modes are obtained using the Marcatili method. The influence on scattering loss coefficient by waveguide surface roughness is then analyzed. Finally, the mode coupling efficiency for the SMFOpticalWaveguide （SOW） structure and MMFOptical Waveguide （MOW） structure are presented. The total scatter ing loss coefficient depends on modes scattering loss coeffi cients and the mode coupling efficiency between fiber and waveguide. The simulation results show that the total scatter ing loss coefficient for the MOW structure is affected more strongly by surface roughness than that for the SOW struc ture. The total scattering loss coefficient of waveguide decreas es from 3.97 x 10^-2 dB/cm to 2.96 x 10^-4 dB/cm for the SOW structure and from 5.24 - 10^-2 dB/cm to 4.7 x 10^-4 dB/ cm for the MOW structure when surface roughness is from 300nm to 20nm and waveguide length is 100cm.

Surface plasmon polaritons generated magneto–optical Kerr reversal in nanograting

Controlling the phase of light in magnetoplasmonic structures is receiving increasing attention because of its already shown capability in ultrasensitive and label-free molecular-level detection.Magneto-optical Kerr reversal has been achieved and well explained in nanodisks by using the phase of localized plasmons.In this paper,we report that the Kerr reversal can also be produced by surface plasmon polaritons independently.We experimentally confirm this in Co and Ag/Co/Ag metal nanogratings,and can give a qualitative explanation that it is the charge accumulation at the interface between the grating surface and air that acts as the electromagnetic restoring force to contribute necessary additional phase for Kerr reversal.Our finding can enrich the means of designing and fabricating magneto-optical-based biochemical sensors.

Characterization of the Optical Properties of Heavy Metal Ions Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique

The aim of this research is to characterize the optical properties of heavy metal ions (Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+) using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique. Glass cover slips, used as substrates were coated with a 50 nm gold film using sputter coater. The measurement was carried out at room temperature using Kretchmann SPR technique. When the air medium outside the gold film is changed to heavy metal ions solution, the resonance angle shifted to the higher value for all samples of heavy metal ions solution. By our developed fitting program (using Matlab software), the experimental SPR curves were fitted to obtain the refractive index of Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ ions solution with different concentrations. Both the real and imaginary part of refractive index of the heavy metal ions solution increased with the concentration. The results give the basic idea such that the SPR technique could be used as an alternative optical sensor for detecting heavy metal ions in solution.

Design of a Surface-Plasmon-Resonance Sensor Based on a Microstructured Optical Fiber with Annular-Shaped Holes

A novel design is proposed for highly sensitive surface-plasmon-resonance sensors. The sensor is based on a microstructured optical fiber with two layers of annular-shaped holes. A gold layer is deposited on the inner surface of the second hole-layer, in which the holes have several micrometers thickness in size, facilitating analyte infiltration and metal layer deposition. In the first layer of holes, the sector-ring^shaped arms, used as supporting strips, are utilized to tune the resonance depth of the sensor. Numerical results indicate that the sensor operation wavelength can be tuned across the C＋L-band. The spectral sensitivity of 1.0.104 nm. RIU-1 order of magnitude and a detection limit of 1.0.10-4 RIU order are demonstrated over a wide range of analyte refractive index from 1.320 to 1.335.

Contribution of surface plasmon polaritons to extraordinary optical transmission through metallic nanoslit

A single metallic nanoslit is employed for investigating the contribution of Surface Plasmon Polaritons(SPPs) to Extraordinary Optical Transmission(EOT) based on rigorous electromagnetic theory and the Spectrum Analysis Method(SAM). Numerical results shows that the SPP is the main factor responsible for the EOT, and a phase singularity is observed.

Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Based on Polymer Optical Fiber

Surface Plasmon Resonance （SPR） is a powerful technique for directly sensing in biological studies, chemical detection and environmental pollution monitoring. In this paper, we present polymer optical fiber application in SPR sensors, including wavelength interrogation surface enhanced Raman scattering SPR sensor and surface enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） probe. Long-period fiber gratings are fabricated on single mode polymer optical fiber （POF） with 120 μm period and 50% duty cycle. The polarization characteristic of this kind of birefringent grating is studied. Theoretical analysis shows it will be advantageous in SPR sensing applications.

Reduction of the Optical Loss in the Multi-Cathode Structure Organic Light Emitting Device Using a Long Range Surface Plasmon

Light extraction efficiency of organic light-emitting devices has improved by using a nano-sized multi-cathode structure consisting of semi-transparent metal and an optical compensation layer. From the detail optical calculation based on the multi-scale analysis including near-field optics, it was found that surface plasmon loss in the metal cathode is suppressed to less than 10% due to long range and short range surface plasmon coupling between both sides of metal cathode. Not less than 90% of optical power in the dipole emission can be successfully utilized as propagation light. Light extraction efficiency in a phosphorescent device has improved about twice by using the multi-cathode structure.

Chiral lateral optical force near plasmonic ring induced by Laguerre–Gaussian beam

Owing to the good adjustability and the strong near-field enhancement,surface plasmons are widely used in optical force trap,thus the optical force trap can achieve excellent performance.Here,we use the Laguerre–Gaussian beam and a plasmonic gold ring to separate enantiomers by the chiral optical force.Along with the radial optical force that traps the particles,there is also a chirality-sign-sensitive lateral force arising from the optical spin angular momentum,which is caused by the interaction between optical orbit angular momentum and gold ring structure.By selecting a specific incident wavelength,the strong angular scattering and non-chiral related azimuthal optical force can be suppressed.Thus the chiral related azimuthal optical force can induce an opposite orbital rotation of the trapped particles with chirality of different sign near the gold ring.This work proposes an effective approach for catchingand separating chiral enantiomers.

Corrigendum to“Electromagnetically induced transparency via localized surface plasmon mode-assisted hybrid cavity QED”

We would like to point out the misprinted Fig.3 in our published paper[Chin.Phys.B 32,114205(2023)].Since only orders of subfigures need to be corrected and the main results of the published paper are correct,we present the correct figure in this corrigendum.

Electromagnetically induced transparency via localized surface plasmon mode-assisted hybrid cavity QED

In recent years, most studies have focused on the perfect absorption and high-efficiency quantum memory of the onesided system, ignoring the characteristics of its optical switching contrast. Thus, the performance of all-optical switching and optical transistors is limited. Herein, we propose a localized surface plasmon(LSP) mode-assisted cavity QED system which consists of a Λ-shaped three-level quantum emitter(QE), a metal nanoparticle and a one-sided optical cavity with a fully reflected mirror. In this system, the QE coherently couples to the cavity and LSP mode respectively, which is manipulated by the control field. As a result, considerably high and stable switch contrast of 90% can be achievable due to the strong confined field of the LSP mode and perfect absorption of the optical medium. In addition, we obtain a power dependent effect between the control field and the transmitted frequency as a result of the converted dark state. We employ the Heisenberg–Langevin equation and numerical master equation formalisms to explain high switching, controllable output light and the dark state. Our system introduces an effective method to improve the performance of optical switches based on the one-sided system in quantum information storage and quantum communication.

Simulation and analysis of phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor based on enhanced optical transmission through arrays of nanoholes in silver films

A high spatial resolution, phase-sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance(SPR) sensor based on Extraordinary Optical Transmission(EOT) is proposed to monitor the binding of organic and biological molecules to the silver surface. The 2D nanohole-array configuration is well suited for dense integration in a sensor chip. The optical geometry is collinear, which simplifies the alignment with respect to the traditional Kretschmann arrangement for SPR sensing. Various design parameters of the device have been studied by simulation. The heterodyne technique is used to improve the sensitivity. The optimization results indicate that the sensor has the advantages of achieving high resolution and a wide dynamic range simultaneously.