Surface sink is a main geological calamity of gold mining areas and a main factor to restrict economic sustainable development of mining zone. Based on former investigations, this article draws the environment informa...Surface sink is a main geological calamity of gold mining areas and a main factor to restrict economic sustainable development of mining zone. Based on former investigations, this article draws the environment information of surface sink of exploration vacancy in gold mining area of Zhaoyuan City, Shangdong Province by RS technology. Through spatial simulation analysis and expert diagnoses on the basis of GIS technology, the article affirms the inducement factors of the surface sink. Then using these factors as distinguishing ones the authors prognosticate the criticality of other exploration vacancies. The results indicate that the surface sink area of study area in Zhaoyuan City, has already come to 0.78km2 and it is forecasted that 0.97km2 of the exploration vacancy belongs to high danger area. Decisive measures need taking in order to prevent this crucial problem. Another 1.57km2 of the exploration vacancies belongs to middle danger area, which will sink when meeting some inducing factors, such as earthquake. Still another 1.53km2 of the exploration vacancies belongs to low danger area that can not lead to surface sink when meeting common inducing factors.展开更多
Surface vortex behavior in front of the tunnel intake was investigated in this paper.The critical submergence of vortex was discussed based on the concept of 'critical spherical sink surface'(CSSS).The vortex ...Surface vortex behavior in front of the tunnel intake was investigated in this paper.The critical submergence of vortex was discussed based on the concept of 'critical spherical sink surface'(CSSS).The vortex formation and evolution at the tunnel intake were analyzed based on the theory of CSSS considering the effect of circulation.A theory was proposed to explain the surface vortex.The theoretical development was verified by the physical model experiments of Xiluodu hydropower station.The radial velocity and vortex circulation were considered as the main factors that influence the formation and evolution of surface vortex.Finally,an anti-vortex intake configuration was proposed to weaken the air-core vortex in front of the tunnel intakes of the hydraulic structures.展开更多
基金U nderthe auspicesofthe N ationalN aturalScience Foundation ofC hina (N o.40271001)
文摘Surface sink is a main geological calamity of gold mining areas and a main factor to restrict economic sustainable development of mining zone. Based on former investigations, this article draws the environment information of surface sink of exploration vacancy in gold mining area of Zhaoyuan City, Shangdong Province by RS technology. Through spatial simulation analysis and expert diagnoses on the basis of GIS technology, the article affirms the inducement factors of the surface sink. Then using these factors as distinguishing ones the authors prognosticate the criticality of other exploration vacancies. The results indicate that the surface sink area of study area in Zhaoyuan City, has already come to 0.78km2 and it is forecasted that 0.97km2 of the exploration vacancy belongs to high danger area. Decisive measures need taking in order to prevent this crucial problem. Another 1.57km2 of the exploration vacancies belongs to middle danger area, which will sink when meeting some inducing factors, such as earthquake. Still another 1.53km2 of the exploration vacancies belongs to low danger area that can not lead to surface sink when meeting common inducing factors.
基金supported by Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program (Grant No. 2009THZ07060)the State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering of Tsinghua University (Grant No. 2010-TC-2,2009-TC-2)
文摘Surface vortex behavior in front of the tunnel intake was investigated in this paper.The critical submergence of vortex was discussed based on the concept of 'critical spherical sink surface'(CSSS).The vortex formation and evolution at the tunnel intake were analyzed based on the theory of CSSS considering the effect of circulation.A theory was proposed to explain the surface vortex.The theoretical development was verified by the physical model experiments of Xiluodu hydropower station.The radial velocity and vortex circulation were considered as the main factors that influence the formation and evolution of surface vortex.Finally,an anti-vortex intake configuration was proposed to weaken the air-core vortex in front of the tunnel intakes of the hydraulic structures.
