In this paper, the rigid structural thermosensitive polymer （made in lab） of NBS （N-butyl styrene）, N, N-DEAM （diethyl acrylamide） and AM （acrylamide） was prepared. The influence of viscosity for copolymer sol...In this paper, the rigid structural thermosensitive polymer （made in lab） of NBS （N-butyl styrene）, N, N-DEAM （diethyl acrylamide） and AM （acrylamide） was prepared. The influence of viscosity for copolymer solution under different reaction conditions such as temperatures and inorganic salt （monovalent salt and divalent salt） was analyzed. The experiment studies the combination of polymer situation and three different types of surfactants under certain conditions of the room temperature （25℃） and the formation temperature （76℃）. At last, the influence of the surfactant kinds and concentration on the viscosity of the polymer solution are studied. The results show that： The copolymer solution, the apparent viscosity of which decreases with the increasement of temperature, but its viscosity has suddenly increased and thereafter dropped in the transition temperature. So the temperature sensitive effect ofcopolymer is very significantly. When the concentration of inorganic salt and surfactant can be controlled in certain extent, the copolymer solution, the effect increases with the increasement of the concentration, but the viscosity of which decreases with the increasement of shear rate. Shear rate can be controlled in certain extent, shearing stability properties of the copolymer solution are proved.展开更多
The high quality single-phase solution of CO2/ Polystyrene was achieved,by analyzing the influential factors for polymer microcellular foaming extrusion.The curve of pressure distribution along the barrel was determin...The high quality single-phase solution of CO2/ Polystyrene was achieved,by analyzing the influential factors for polymer microcellular foaming extrusion.The curve of pressure distribution along the barrel was determined.The axial position of gas-injecting port on the barrel was chosen form the results of stable foaming,and the number of gas-injecting ports in the circumference of the barrel was determined from the CO2 solubility in polymer.The effect of the screw rotation speed on CO2 solubility was studied,and the effects of pressure difference between the gas and the polymer melt on gas-injecting process and on the foaming stability were investigated.The influence of the gas temperature before injection on the single-phase of CO2/Polystyrene solution also was studied.展开更多
Taking the pilot test area of polymer enhanced foam flooding in Y oilfield as the prototype, a numerical core model was established, and the polymer enhanced foam formulation system was optimized by analyzing the resi...Taking the pilot test area of polymer enhanced foam flooding in Y oilfield as the prototype, a numerical core model was established, and the polymer enhanced foam formulation system was optimized by analyzing the resistance factor and the change rule of oil recovery of different formulation systems. Research shows that the higher the polymer concentration, the greater the resistance factor, and the more obvious the sealing effect formed in the formation. The concentration of surfactant has a greater impact on the resistance factor. With the increase of surfactant concentration, the resistance factor increases significantly, and the plugging effect of foam agent on core is significantly enhanced. With the increase of gas-liquid ratio, the resistance factor first increases and then decreases. When the gas-liquid ratio is 1:1, the resistance is the largest, and the foam agent has the strongest plugging effect on the core. The optimal formula system of polymer enhanced foam flooding in Y oilfield is: polymer concentration is 1200 mg/L, surfactant concentration is 0.25 wt%, gas-liquid ratio is 1:1.展开更多
The presence of ethanol has an adverse effect on foam spreading,and ethanol fire is difficult to extinguish with aqueous fire-fighting foams.Thus,it is necessary to explore the foam formulation suitable for ethanol fu...The presence of ethanol has an adverse effect on foam spreading,and ethanol fire is difficult to extinguish with aqueous fire-fighting foams.Thus,it is necessary to explore the foam formulation suitable for ethanol fuels and study the spreading behavior of foam over ethanol surface.In the current work,stable foams based on hydrocarbon surfactant(SDS),fluorocarbon surfactant(FC1157),and polymers(XG)were prepared by using the compressed-air foam system.The spreading behaviors of foam on polar ethanol and non-polar heptane surface were observed and compared.Furthermore,the effects of stabilizer concentrations,foam flow rates and expansion ratios on foam spreading performance were investigated,respectively.The results indicate that aqueous SDS foam can spread on the heptane layer continuously,but it is difficult to cover the ethanol surface.The addition of XG and FC1157 can synergistically improve the spreading performance of aqueous foam over ethanol.Depending on stabilizer concentrations,there are remarkable differences in foam spreading behaviors.Besides,different foam application parameters including expansion ratios and foam flow rates significantly affect the foam spreading rate,despite the same foam formulation.The research methods and results guide the optimal design of foam formulations as well as the practical application of aqueous foam for ethanol fire extinguishment.展开更多
文摘In this paper, the rigid structural thermosensitive polymer （made in lab） of NBS （N-butyl styrene）, N, N-DEAM （diethyl acrylamide） and AM （acrylamide） was prepared. The influence of viscosity for copolymer solution under different reaction conditions such as temperatures and inorganic salt （monovalent salt and divalent salt） was analyzed. The experiment studies the combination of polymer situation and three different types of surfactants under certain conditions of the room temperature （25℃） and the formation temperature （76℃）. At last, the influence of the surfactant kinds and concentration on the viscosity of the polymer solution are studied. The results show that： The copolymer solution, the apparent viscosity of which decreases with the increasement of temperature, but its viscosity has suddenly increased and thereafter dropped in the transition temperature. So the temperature sensitive effect ofcopolymer is very significantly. When the concentration of inorganic salt and surfactant can be controlled in certain extent, the copolymer solution, the effect increases with the increasement of the concentration, but the viscosity of which decreases with the increasement of shear rate. Shear rate can be controlled in certain extent, shearing stability properties of the copolymer solution are proved.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China( No.19632004,No.10172074)the Research Foundation for the Doctor-al Program of Higher Education of China(No.98056113)the Natural Science Foundation of Guang-dong Province(No. 980573, No. 0401154)
文摘The high quality single-phase solution of CO2/ Polystyrene was achieved,by analyzing the influential factors for polymer microcellular foaming extrusion.The curve of pressure distribution along the barrel was determined.The axial position of gas-injecting port on the barrel was chosen form the results of stable foaming,and the number of gas-injecting ports in the circumference of the barrel was determined from the CO2 solubility in polymer.The effect of the screw rotation speed on CO2 solubility was studied,and the effects of pressure difference between the gas and the polymer melt on gas-injecting process and on the foaming stability were investigated.The influence of the gas temperature before injection on the single-phase of CO2/Polystyrene solution also was studied.
文摘Taking the pilot test area of polymer enhanced foam flooding in Y oilfield as the prototype, a numerical core model was established, and the polymer enhanced foam formulation system was optimized by analyzing the resistance factor and the change rule of oil recovery of different formulation systems. Research shows that the higher the polymer concentration, the greater the resistance factor, and the more obvious the sealing effect formed in the formation. The concentration of surfactant has a greater impact on the resistance factor. With the increase of surfactant concentration, the resistance factor increases significantly, and the plugging effect of foam agent on core is significantly enhanced. With the increase of gas-liquid ratio, the resistance factor first increases and then decreases. When the gas-liquid ratio is 1:1, the resistance is the largest, and the foam agent has the strongest plugging effect on the core. The optimal formula system of polymer enhanced foam flooding in Y oilfield is: polymer concentration is 1200 mg/L, surfactant concentration is 0.25 wt%, gas-liquid ratio is 1:1.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB1200505)Jiangsu Key Research and Development Plan Project(BE2020663)the Anhui Key Research and Development Plan Project(No.1804a0802202)。
文摘The presence of ethanol has an adverse effect on foam spreading,and ethanol fire is difficult to extinguish with aqueous fire-fighting foams.Thus,it is necessary to explore the foam formulation suitable for ethanol fuels and study the spreading behavior of foam over ethanol surface.In the current work,stable foams based on hydrocarbon surfactant(SDS),fluorocarbon surfactant(FC1157),and polymers(XG)were prepared by using the compressed-air foam system.The spreading behaviors of foam on polar ethanol and non-polar heptane surface were observed and compared.Furthermore,the effects of stabilizer concentrations,foam flow rates and expansion ratios on foam spreading performance were investigated,respectively.The results indicate that aqueous SDS foam can spread on the heptane layer continuously,but it is difficult to cover the ethanol surface.The addition of XG and FC1157 can synergistically improve the spreading performance of aqueous foam over ethanol.Depending on stabilizer concentrations,there are remarkable differences in foam spreading behaviors.Besides,different foam application parameters including expansion ratios and foam flow rates significantly affect the foam spreading rate,despite the same foam formulation.The research methods and results guide the optimal design of foam formulations as well as the practical application of aqueous foam for ethanol fire extinguishment.
