Cadastral maps are an important component of land administration in most countries. In virtually all developed countries, the needs of computerized land and geographic information systems (LIS/GIS) has given urgent im...Cadastral maps are an important component of land administration in most countries. In virtually all developed countries, the needs of computerized land and geographic information systems (LIS/GIS) has given urgent impetus to computerizing cadastral maps and creating digital cadastral data bases (DCDB). This process is creating many institutional, legal, technical and administrative problems. This desire to establish DCDBs is being given increased impetus due to a new range of enabling technologies such as satellite position fixing (GPS), improved spatial data collection techniques such as digital theodolites and “soft copy” photogrammetry, as well as a vast range of new information and communications technological tools, thus contributing to the advancement and keeping up with the great countries. This paper presents the problem of cadastral maps. The hitherto existing cadastre, consisting of paper maps and land registers, is now becoming insufficient. Its shortcomings force developments leading to its improvement. One of the ways is the creation of a Land Information System. A digital cadastral map is the main component of this system. The structure and information content of the map is presented, its differences from analogue maps are shown, and the process of map creation is described. A digital cadastral map can be the basis for additional thematic layers, successively converting it into a complex system for management of administrative units.展开更多
Since creation of spatial data is a costly and time consuming process, researchers, in this domain, in most of the cases rely on open source spatial attributes for their specific purpose. Likewise, the present researc...Since creation of spatial data is a costly and time consuming process, researchers, in this domain, in most of the cases rely on open source spatial attributes for their specific purpose. Likewise, the present research aims at mapping landslide susceptibility at the metropolitan area of Chittagong district of Bangladesh utilizing obtainable open source spatial data from various web portals. In this regard, we targeted a study region where rainfall induced landslides reportedly causes causalities as well as property damage each year. In this study, however, we employed multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) technique i.e., heuristic, a knowledge driven approach based on expert opinions from various discipline for landslide susceptibility mapping combining nine causative factors—geomorphology, geology, land use/land cover (LULC), slope, aspect, plan curvature, drainage distance, relative relief and vegetation in geographic information system (GIS) environment. The final susceptibility map was devised into five hazard classes viz., very low, low, moderate, high, and very high, representing 22 km2 (13%), 90 km2 (53%);24 km2 (15%);22 km2 (13%) and 10 km2 (6%) areas respectively. This particular study might be beneficial to the local authorities and other stake-holders, concerned in disaster risk reduction and mitigation activities. Moreover this study can also be advantageous for risk sensitive land use planning in the study area.展开更多
The statistical map is usually used to indicate the quantitative features of various socio economic phenomena among regions on the base map of administrative divisions or on other base maps which connected with stati...The statistical map is usually used to indicate the quantitative features of various socio economic phenomena among regions on the base map of administrative divisions or on other base maps which connected with statistical unit. Making use of geographic information system (GIS) techniques, and supported by Auto CAD software, the author of this paper has put forward a practical method for making statistical map and developed a software (SMT) for the making of small scale statistical map using C language.展开更多
目前,煤矿使用的工程专题地图基本都是CAD制图,高效提取CAD图件中的数据并快速组织成地理信息系统(GIS)服务,进而支持矿井空间对象创建和业务属性扩展,集成安全生产实时数据,是构建煤矿GIS一张图的关键。基于ArcGIS平台将CAD图件转为GI...目前,煤矿使用的工程专题地图基本都是CAD制图,高效提取CAD图件中的数据并快速组织成地理信息系统(GIS)服务,进而支持矿井空间对象创建和业务属性扩展,集成安全生产实时数据,是构建煤矿GIS一张图的关键。基于ArcGIS平台将CAD图件转为GIS服务的方法实现过程较为繁琐,且ArcGIS平台成本较高,无法较好地跨平台运行。针对该问题,设计了一种煤矿GIS一张图快速构建平台。该平台包括CAD图件管理、地图服务发布、专题地图管理3大功能模块:CAD图件管理模块用于图件基础信息管理和状态跟踪,地图服务发布模块用于地图打包发布和在线预览,专题地图管理模块用于地图服务管理、矿井对象创建及属性扩展。基于开放设计联盟(ODA)的Teigha for Java SDK实现CAD图件全要素精确识别与快速准确提取;通过构建基于GIS数据特征的煤矿CAD图件数据分层描述模型,实现了CAD图件全要素数据快速存储;按照面向对象设计思路,开发了Spring Cloud框架下的Web端煤矿CAD图件数据集存储接口及专题地图服务发布平台,实现了煤矿GIS一张图快速构建。以某煤矿采掘工程平面图为例,分别采用传统方法和快速构建平台进行煤矿GIS一张图的构建,对比结果表明,快速构建平台可大幅提高煤矿GIS一张图的构建效率,为煤矿智能化建设提供时空数字底座。展开更多
文摘Cadastral maps are an important component of land administration in most countries. In virtually all developed countries, the needs of computerized land and geographic information systems (LIS/GIS) has given urgent impetus to computerizing cadastral maps and creating digital cadastral data bases (DCDB). This process is creating many institutional, legal, technical and administrative problems. This desire to establish DCDBs is being given increased impetus due to a new range of enabling technologies such as satellite position fixing (GPS), improved spatial data collection techniques such as digital theodolites and “soft copy” photogrammetry, as well as a vast range of new information and communications technological tools, thus contributing to the advancement and keeping up with the great countries. This paper presents the problem of cadastral maps. The hitherto existing cadastre, consisting of paper maps and land registers, is now becoming insufficient. Its shortcomings force developments leading to its improvement. One of the ways is the creation of a Land Information System. A digital cadastral map is the main component of this system. The structure and information content of the map is presented, its differences from analogue maps are shown, and the process of map creation is described. A digital cadastral map can be the basis for additional thematic layers, successively converting it into a complex system for management of administrative units.
文摘Since creation of spatial data is a costly and time consuming process, researchers, in this domain, in most of the cases rely on open source spatial attributes for their specific purpose. Likewise, the present research aims at mapping landslide susceptibility at the metropolitan area of Chittagong district of Bangladesh utilizing obtainable open source spatial data from various web portals. In this regard, we targeted a study region where rainfall induced landslides reportedly causes causalities as well as property damage each year. In this study, however, we employed multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) technique i.e., heuristic, a knowledge driven approach based on expert opinions from various discipline for landslide susceptibility mapping combining nine causative factors—geomorphology, geology, land use/land cover (LULC), slope, aspect, plan curvature, drainage distance, relative relief and vegetation in geographic information system (GIS) environment. The final susceptibility map was devised into five hazard classes viz., very low, low, moderate, high, and very high, representing 22 km2 (13%), 90 km2 (53%);24 km2 (15%);22 km2 (13%) and 10 km2 (6%) areas respectively. This particular study might be beneficial to the local authorities and other stake-holders, concerned in disaster risk reduction and mitigation activities. Moreover this study can also be advantageous for risk sensitive land use planning in the study area.
文摘The statistical map is usually used to indicate the quantitative features of various socio economic phenomena among regions on the base map of administrative divisions or on other base maps which connected with statistical unit. Making use of geographic information system (GIS) techniques, and supported by Auto CAD software, the author of this paper has put forward a practical method for making statistical map and developed a software (SMT) for the making of small scale statistical map using C language.
文摘目前,煤矿使用的工程专题地图基本都是CAD制图,高效提取CAD图件中的数据并快速组织成地理信息系统(GIS)服务,进而支持矿井空间对象创建和业务属性扩展,集成安全生产实时数据,是构建煤矿GIS一张图的关键。基于ArcGIS平台将CAD图件转为GIS服务的方法实现过程较为繁琐,且ArcGIS平台成本较高,无法较好地跨平台运行。针对该问题,设计了一种煤矿GIS一张图快速构建平台。该平台包括CAD图件管理、地图服务发布、专题地图管理3大功能模块:CAD图件管理模块用于图件基础信息管理和状态跟踪,地图服务发布模块用于地图打包发布和在线预览,专题地图管理模块用于地图服务管理、矿井对象创建及属性扩展。基于开放设计联盟(ODA)的Teigha for Java SDK实现CAD图件全要素精确识别与快速准确提取;通过构建基于GIS数据特征的煤矿CAD图件数据分层描述模型,实现了CAD图件全要素数据快速存储;按照面向对象设计思路,开发了Spring Cloud框架下的Web端煤矿CAD图件数据集存储接口及专题地图服务发布平台,实现了煤矿GIS一张图快速构建。以某煤矿采掘工程平面图为例,分别采用传统方法和快速构建平台进行煤矿GIS一张图的构建,对比结果表明,快速构建平台可大幅提高煤矿GIS一张图的构建效率,为煤矿智能化建设提供时空数字底座。
文摘激光雷达技术在地貌测量中展现出显著优势,其能迅速、大面积,快且精度极高地收集地表信息,从而构建精准的数字地形模型(Digital Terrain Model,DTM)。本研究聚焦于利用激光雷达技术提升地面模型的精确性和实用性。我们首先对激光雷达扫描的数据进行预处理,通过计算激光雷达点云的范围与密度,进行分类和平滑处理,从而提高了数据的准确度和可用性;在此基础上,我们结合地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS),建立点云数据处理与生成地面模型的方法,利用激光雷达数据构建高精度的DTM。进一步地,我们探寻高精度地面模型在土地使用、市区规划以及环保等领域的实用价值和广泛应用,展现出其无法估量的宝贵价值。本研究证明激光雷达技术在地面模型生成与应用中的重要作用,对精准测绘和地理信息分析具有重要指导意义。
