TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE CITY CENTRE:INTEGRATING ECOLOGICALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT(ESD)PRINCIPLES INTO URBAN RENEWAL

This paper reflects upon a wide range of strategies focused on increasing sustainability of urban design beyond and within the scope of individual buildings.By examining the case study of the Australian city of Newcastle,the paper provides a context for a general debate about the urban design of a sustainable city centre,and discusses how urban design is affected(and can be expected to be even more affected in future)by the new paradigms of ecology.In this context,the author presents the case study of‘SolarCity’,which is based on a vision for the revitalisation of Newcastle’s city centre.It is an in-progress research and demonstration project,involving Australian and German architects,engineers and industry partners.It deals with cross-cutting issues in architecture and urban design and addresses the question:How to best cohesively integrate all aspects of energy systems,transport systems,waste and water management,climatisation,etc.,into contemporary urban design and the environmental performance of eco-buildings?The‘SolarCity’project encapsulates a vision based on the belief that urban revitalisation can be achieved and facilitated through the use of sustainable urban design principles.Consequently,this paper addresses the fundamentals of urban sustainability,such as orientation to the sun,and general strategies for more compact communities.As we begin to fully understand the consequences of our dependency on fossil energy and the automobile,the cost of mobility,and ways to integrate sustainability systems into buildings,it becomes apparent that the common knowledge of aesthetics of urban composition is no longer sufficient.

Way for sustainable development of energy in China

The report of Chinese Communist Party's 18th National Congress clearly stated that the construction of ecological civilization needs to join hands with the overall layout of the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and the greatest obstacle to achieving ecological civilization is the energy structure in China.Currently,the third industrial revolution—marked by green technology and cloud computing technology—is happening,and it will have a huge impact on future energy development.The fundamental way to solve the problem of energy resource constraints is developing the renewable energy,and the fundamental approach for renewable energy is developing distributed energy and services.The important factors to achieving China's energy production and consumption revolution are accelerating the construction of distributed energy system and overall energy structure adjustment in China.

Potential and policy issues for sustainable development of wind power in China

This paper presents a macroscopic view on the prevailing policy and potential issues in respect of the sustainable wind power development in China.It starts by analyzing the characteristics of wind power resources and pin-pointing the relationship between the regulatory policies and various economic,taxation,legal and grid integration attributes relating to the wind power development.Then it follows by analyzing the status quo and capabilities of the wind power manufacturing industry in China including its operational efficiency and grid integration standards.The economic and environmental benefits are estimated by relating to the associated costing analysis in respect of the major contributing factors such as manufacturing,operational and financial factors.Results of the associated benefits analysis indicate that the use of the wind power generation helps to save a significant equivalent amount of standard coal consumption resulting to reduction of emission effectively.Finally,the potential of wind power development in China is shown to be affirmative and the sustainable energy policy is effectively implemented in China.

The Benefits of Solar Energy on the Provision of Sustainable Affordable Housing in Nigeria

Solar energy is the most abundant form of energy on Earth. Solar energy brings impactful benefits and products that are expected to make homes more reliable, sustainable, and affordable. Thanks to technological advancements like the solar cell, we can gather this energy and turn it into electricity. The construction industry has an exceptional chance of benefiting from this sustainable energy. Many recognised benefits have been spelled forth in the construction industry, such as providing homes with clean energy with no trace of ozone depleting material emission. There are many people in Nigeria who are not linked to the public electric grid, and the energy sector produces and generates less than 58% of the entire amount of energy required. As stated in the Nigeria’s National Energy General Plan, the Sustainable Energy programme aims to enhance the country’s use of solar electricity. This paper focuses on the role of solar energy in the provision of sustainable affordable housing in Nigeria. It considers the description, method, and utilisation of solar energy with a focus on residential and commercial buildings.

From Oil to Renewable Energies： An Ecological Concern

The energetic sector is necessary for productive activity in the world, because energy is one of the most essential economic resources. The energy, at a social-historic level, always has been relevant for the development of any society, and as a country advanced in this field, there is an important increase of their energetic needs, in such a way that all energy supplies are considered as a national security strategy for many countries. This element, the natural resources of their own, their existence and good management are and will be the key for the coming years and decades to achieve the national security in the energetic field, economic development, and environment. This last argument has a great importance for the issues that are generated by an environmental crisis and the greenhouse effect in the world, due to the consumption of energy from oil and coal. All these justify the relevance of performing an analysis of the problems between the energy development and the environment, and both issues are presented in this paper from the economic history point of view.

FEASIBILITY OF AN OFF-GRID RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE FOR THE MERCANTILE SECTOR

Increased CO_(2),a Greenhouse Gas(GhG),emission and its accumulation in the atmosphere is a major climatic concern,creating an urgent need to control its rate of growth with the goal to reduce or reverse the growth.Reduction is being attempted at macro scales(large GhG producers but relatively small in number),at mezzo levels(mercantile stores which are large in numbers and relatively large consumers in scale)and at micro scales(individual dwelling units which are very large in number but relatively small on a GhG producer scale).This research identifies the strategies and challenges of adopting an off-grid renewable energy source for the mercantile sector(retail)at the mezzo level.A theoretical model for an off-grid renewable energy source considering a parking lot of a retail outlet was developed.In future work,a proposed physical model should be able to test the assumptions and hypothesis of the theoretical model presented.The proposed hybrid system uses two or more alternative renewable energy sources.In the proposed system,solar energy is integrated with a local bio gas plant,which treats waste to produce electricity.The excess energy can be sold to grid using net metering or dual metering or sold to charge plug-in vehicles to earn revenue.The renewable energy produced reduces the grid load on public utilities,thereby reducing the amount of CO_(2)emissions from the grid providers,thus bridging the current grid dependent system and a grid-independent(off grid,or net zero)goal.

Deployment Challenges of Offshore Renewable Energy Systems for Sustainability in Developing Countries

This research aims to expose deployment challenges of offshore renewable energy systems in developing countries. The investigation of the deployment model covers climate conditions, economic conditions, necessary infrastructure services and wind power by considering the case of Cyprus Island which is one of the Small Island Developing States (SIDS) countries. The convenience of Offshore Energy Systems to the territory and their systematic proper work is an important issue. Because of that, the setting up of Offshore Wind Energy Tribunes in Cyprus, the planning process, structuring of cost values and necessary resources, the investigation of the geographic conditions for obtaining the energy flow and assessment of these conditions for Offshore Wind Tribunes are the prime objectives of this study. The orientation period and the applicable qualifications of the offshore energy systems were evaluated on the basis of the world wide references. The study is concluded by the estimation of the advantages and disadvantages of the system for Cyprus.

Exploring public perception and willingness to pay for a renewable source of energy:evidence from an emerging economy of renewable-energy development

The study focuses on the transition from conventional energy sources to sustainable renewable energy(RE)in Palestine,particularly in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.The research aims to understand the relationship between key factors and residents’willingness to invest in the RE sector,with a specific focus on the impact of education.Using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology,the study analyzes data from 400 residents through a questionnaire and employs ordinary least-squares regression analysis with Eviews 12.The key findings indicate that residents’inclination to invest in RE is significantly influenced by factors such as resource availability,knowledge level and power outages.Moreover,the study suggests that educated residents are more likely to invest in RE when factors such as knowledge,effort expectation,enabling conditions and resource availability are relatively high.The conclusion emphasizes the importance of policymakers’allocating sufficient funds to research and development to promote technological innovation in RE sources,thereby enhancing the population’s energy efficiency.

能源变革与生态福利绩效研究——基于新能源示范城市设立的准自然实验

能源变革是推动能源结构绿色转型的关键,新能源示范城市政策是能源变革的重要举措,也是推动城市生态文明建设发展的有力支撑。本文基于2007~2021年我国279个城市的面板数据,通过倾向得分匹配-双重差分模型(PSM-DID)探究新能源示范城市政策对生态福利绩效的影响。研究发现:新能源示范城市的设立有助于提升城市生态福利绩效。新能源示范城市政策对城市生态福利绩效的影响在东西部城市、行政等级高的城市和非资源型城市更为显著。机制检验表明新能源示范城市主要通过优化产业结构、提升技术创新水平和降低资源依赖度3种途径提升城市生态福利绩效,为政府有效实施城市能源建设并提升城市生态福利绩效提供积极的政策启示。

基于能值-生态足迹的贵州高原典型喀斯特区域水资源可持续评价研究

【目的】深入剖析喀斯特地区水资源利用问题,从自然资源供应与需求关系辨析水资源利用状况,以期为喀斯特地区水资源高效开发利用与可持续发展提供科学依据和有益参考。【方法】生态足迹模型是生态经济学中测量人类社会资源消耗的经典方法,基于能量流的能值生态足迹模型是该领域研究的最新成果。本研究选取贵州高原典型喀斯特区域—南明河流域为研究对象,基于2010—2020年南明河流域的用水量、供水量等数据,运用能值水资源生态足迹模型系统地分析了南明河流域2010—2020年的水生态足迹、水生态承载力、水生态赤字和生态压力等变化情况。【结果】①2010—2020年,南明河流域水资源能值生态足迹年均值为1.080 hm^(2)/人,水资源能值生态承载力年均值为0.562 hm^(2)/人,水资源生态赤字明显,但整体呈逐年下降趋势;②南明河流域水资源生态压力指数年均值达2.004,处于亚安全状态,生态系统承受压力在较安全范围;③2010—2020年,南明河流域水资源生态经济协调指数年均值为1.345,接近最佳协调状态(1.414),水资源经济协调性整体较好。【结论】总体来看,南明河流域人均能值生态足迹、万元GDP和生态赤字呈逐年下降趋势,生态承载力、生态压力和生态经济协调指数呈现上下波动态势,水资源利用整体向好的方面发展。

绿色低碳转型背景下能源安全评估体系重构与启示

能源安全是国家安全的重要组成部分、能源系统绿色低碳转型的重要前提,其内涵已从传统化石能源供应安全拓展至包含稳定供应和可持续利用的更丰富维度。本文构建了绿色低碳转型目标下的新型能源安全评估体系,以美国、英国、中国、印度等18个国家为例识别了能源安全的演变特征。研究发现:在面向绿色低碳转型目标的多元化能源安全评估体系下,英国、日本、中国等油气资源匮乏国家的能源安全性显著提升,阿联酋、俄罗斯等国家在国际能源市场上的主导地位被削弱;全球进一步发展可再生能源将强化这一趋势。在绿色低碳转型背景下,能源安全水平与可持续发展水平呈高度正相关,可持续发展程度较高的国家在能源转型中更具优势;敏感性分析显示,尽管化石能源供应仍是各国能源安全的主导因素,但多元化供应、可持续利用在能源安全中的重要性显著提升。为此建议,把握转型契机,发挥我国在可再生能源领域的资源优势,健全能源治理体系,以可持续发展为重点举措,提高能源安全水平,为提升我国在国际能源市场中的话语权和主动性提供支撑。

中国可再生能源状况及其制氢的潜力分析

随着中国经济的快速发展,化石能源大量消耗且对环境造成了严重的污染,所以加强可再生能源的开发和利用势在必行。本文总结了氢气生产的主要方法、我国可再生能源的利用现状和我国利用可再生能源发电情况,并根据我国可再生能源发展存在的问题对我国可再生能源的发展潜力提出了建议。

煤炭资源型城市生态足迹的空间分布及影响因素分析

煤炭资源的过度开发使得中国煤炭资源型城市陷入“资源诅咒”困境,分析煤炭资源型城市生态足迹的空间特征及路径优化是破解该困境的关键。本文以35个煤炭资源型城市为研究对象,运用能值生态足迹模型及可持续性评价指标测算了煤炭资源型城市的能值生态足迹、生态盈亏、生态效率及生态可持续性,并利用STIRPAT模型对影响因素进行了具体分析。结果表明:1)煤炭资源型城市的能值生态足迹与能源消费量密切相关,且区域差异显著,其中东部地区的能值生态足迹值最大;2)目前多数煤炭资源型城市在生态供需方面具有不平衡性,但从生态效率来看,在技术优化和政策干预之下,资源利用效率逐渐提高;3)从STIRPAT模型的回归结果来看,经济因素和人口因素对煤炭资源型城市的能值生态足迹有显著的正向影响作用,技术水平的提高则抑制了能值生态足迹值的增长。基于以上结论,为煤炭资源型城市的转型和可持续发展提出对策与建议。

节能减排理念与优化对策探析

在节能减排理念的指导下,生态环境治理成为实现可持续发展的关键。本研究聚焦于分析生态环境治理的必要性、当前面临的挑战以及提出优化策略,探讨了节能减排与实现可持续发展目标的一致性以及碳排放平衡及宜居生活环境等的重要性。同时明确了环保意识不足、资金资源限制、评估方法不完善、监督执行困难和技术发展滞后等核心困境,并针对这些问题提出了加强环保教育、增加财政投资、提升评估准确性、强化法律执行及技术创新等对策,旨在优化生态环境治理,推动社会的绿色发展。

生态文明背景下“能量美学”的概念提出与设计探索

提出“能量美学”这一全新的理念,该理念的核心在于通过能量和资源的高效利用创造美好空间,同时促进环境保护和社会进步,推动生态文明建设和可持续发展。从背景与缘起、概念与解析、价值与意义、路径与实践、趋势与影响、结论与展望6个方面,阐释“能量美学”作为一种全新的理念,在生态价值、经济价值和文化价值方面都具有重大的战略意义,并通过应用实例,得出“能量美学”不仅在理论上具有创新性,而且在实际操作中也展现出极高的可行性和有效性。通过提升能量使用的效率和审美价值,创造更加绿色和谐的生活环境,满足人民对美好生活的追求,为构建更加和谐、绿色的未来提供新路径和新视角。

石景山区西部全域型城市更新——构建智慧生态城区

石景山西部全域型城市更新是一个片区综合型城市更新项目,旨在通过全域统筹和系统创新,推动片区的高质量发展。中交城市更新公司作为石景山西部地区(五里坨、广宁街道全域)城市更新的统筹平台,以配套为先、产业为核、运营为魂、文化为脉、人民为本、资本赋能为六大实施路径,统筹实施110余个子项目。通过城市更新,推动了片区功能和经济发展的全面提升,为社会资本参与片区型城市更新提供了模式示范。

工业遗存更新策略探析——以武汉大智路无线电厂改造为例

探析了工业遗存更新策略的重要性和意义,并通过对相关案例的实证研究,分析了工业遗存更新的途径和方法。研究结果显示,针对不同类型的工业遗存,可采用不同的更新策略,包括再利用、创新转型、生态自然化等。结合武汉大智路无线电厂更新项目实例,通过更新功能、调整空间布局、改善外观立面和优化结构设计等关键手段的详细阐述,可为类似的工业遗存保护与更新项目提供借鉴。

中国水-能源-粮食-生态系统协调发展时空格局及驱动因素研究

我国水资源、能源和粮食消费总量均居世界首位,且呈持续增长态势,生态系统压力较大,如何实现水-能源-粮食-生态系统之间的协调发展是未来社会发展的重要议题。通过构建水-能源-粮食-生态系统综合评价体系,利用耦合协调度模型、空间自相关、重心和标准差椭圆与地理探测器等方法,探究2006—2021年30个省份耦合协调度时空特征、演变格局与驱动因素。结果显示:第一,各省份水-能源-粮食-生态系统综合发展水平呈平稳上升趋势,但区域发展不均衡,中部地区发展水平最高;第二,水-能源-粮食-生态系统耦合协调度逐年提升,但仍处于较低水平,耦合协调度向高值集聚,省际差距缩小;第三,水-能源-粮食-生态系统耦合协调度存在空间正相关效应,高值和低值集聚极化效应显著,耦合协调度重心在河南,且逐渐向西南方向转移,东部重心向南迁移,分散态势增强,中部重心向西北迁移,集聚态势凸显,西部重心向西北方向迁移,集聚明显,极化效应突出;第四,城市化水平、产业结构和固定资产投资对系统耦合协调度发展的解释作用增强,影响因子交互作用大于因子独立作用。

沙漠地区光伏电站风沙问题治理措施及策略

为了实现“碳达峰”和“碳中和”目标,针对荒漠地区光伏电站所面临的风沙堆积、掏蚀和脆弱生态环境的可持续性等问题,探讨最佳的生态建设与应用方案。研究通过实地调研沙漠地区已建成的光伏电站,并结合遥感数据分析,收集了沙漠光伏电站的风沙防治措施和原始植被状况,总结了光伏电站现有的风沙防治模式,计算了不同模式光伏电站的植被覆盖度变化。结果显示,采用风沙防治模式有助于提升光伏电站内的植被覆盖度,实现生态恢复。所调研光伏电站从2011年到2022年生长季平均植被覆盖度从8.5%提升到10.5%,最大植被覆盖度从33.6%提升到57.9%。研究建议根据不同地区的地表条件、气候环境和水源等要素的差异,采用针对性的治理措施和模式,以更有效地应对不同地区光伏电站面临的风沙问题,提高治理效果,推动光伏电站的可持续发展,为荒漠地区的太阳能电站建设提供参考。

城市更新与老旧住宅建筑改造设计研究

随着城市化进程的加速和城市建设的不断发展,老旧住宅建筑改造已成为城市更新的重要议题。在实践中面临着诸多挑战,如设计理念滞后、技术应用不足、空间布局不合理以及文化传承缺失等问题。针对这些问题,本文系统探讨了城市更新与老旧住宅建筑改造设计的创新策略,提出了引入先进设计理念、应用新材料新技术、优化空间布局功能、融合社区文化艺术元素等方案。这些策略的实施旨在提升老旧住宅的居住品质,促进城市可持续发展,最终实现宜居、智慧、绿色的现代化城市建设目标。