Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (SWD), is emerging as the most significant pest of berries and stone fruits worldwide. With a broad host range, thin-skinned berries are particularly susceptible...Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (SWD), is emerging as the most significant pest of berries and stone fruits worldwide. With a broad host range, thin-skinned berries are particularly susceptible to infestation, and fruit producers are desperate for methods to control this pest. One of the keys to developing an integrated management program for SWD is to understand host preference and varietal susceptibility of highly susceptible crop hosts. Working in replicated small plots, experiments were conducted to evaluate differences in varietal susceptibility on cold hardy red primocane fruiting raspberries. Significant differences were observed in both the level of infestation and in the average number of larvae per berry by variety. In addition, it appears that there is a significant negative correlation between the level of infestation and the number of larvae per fruit with the time of sampling, but only an interaction of variety and time for the number of larvae per berry. These data provide a better understanding of the biology and ecology of this pest which is critical in refining current management practices. Knowledge of these interactions can aid in optimizing control strategies such as fine-tuning spatial and temporal control measures, which may be particularly important for early season infestations.展开更多
Spotted wing drosophila, <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Matsumura) (SWD), is emerging as the most significant pest of berries and stone fruits worldwide. With a broad host range, thin-skinned berries are parti...Spotted wing drosophila, <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Matsumura) (SWD), is emerging as the most significant pest of berries and stone fruits worldwide. With a broad host range, thin-skinned berries are particularly susceptible to infestation, and fruit producers are desperate for methods to control this pest. One of the keys to developing an integrated management program for SWD is to understand host preference and varietal susceptibility of highly susceptible crop hosts. Working in replicated small plots, experiments were conducted to evaluate differences in varietal susceptibility on cold hardy red primocane fruiting raspberries. Significant differences were observed in both the level of infestation and in the average number of larvae per berry by variety. In addition, it appears that there is a significant negative correlation between the level of infestation and the number of larvae per fruit with the time of sampling, but only an interaction of variety and time for the number of larvae per berry. These data provide a better understanding of the biology and ecology of this pest which is critical in refining current management practices. Knowledge of these interactions can aid in optimizing control strategies such as fine-tuning spatial and temporal control measures, which may be particularly important for early season infestations.展开更多
Global climate change and acquired resistance to insecticides are threats to world food security.Drosophila suzukii,a devastating invasive pest in many parts of the world,causes substantial economic losses to fruit pr...Global climate change and acquired resistance to insecticides are threats to world food security.Drosophila suzukii,a devastating invasive pest in many parts of the world,causes substantial economic losses to fruit production industries,forcing farmers to apply broad-spectrum insecticides frequently,This could lead to the development of insecticide resistance.We determined the Lethal Concentration 50 (median lethal concen- tration,LC50)values of zeta-cypermethrin,spinosad,and malathion insecticides against D.suzukii colonies established from Clarke and Pierce county Georgia,United States. The LC50 values were 3 fold higher in the Pierce county population for all insecticide treatments.We then used RNA sequencing to analyze the responses of Pierce and Clarke population flies surviving a LC50 treatment of the 3 insecticides.We identified a high num- ber of differentially expressed genes that are likely involved in detoxification and reduced cuticular penetration,especially in the Pierce population,with extensive overlap in differ- entially expressed genes between the 3 insecticide treatments.Finally,we predicted fewer nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants having deleterious effects on protein function among detoxification,insecticide target,and cuticular protein encoding genes in Pierce flies.Thus a combination of increased gene expression and fewer deleterious single nu- cleotide variants highlights molecular mechanisms underlying the higher LC50 values for Pierce population flies.展开更多
文摘Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (SWD), is emerging as the most significant pest of berries and stone fruits worldwide. With a broad host range, thin-skinned berries are particularly susceptible to infestation, and fruit producers are desperate for methods to control this pest. One of the keys to developing an integrated management program for SWD is to understand host preference and varietal susceptibility of highly susceptible crop hosts. Working in replicated small plots, experiments were conducted to evaluate differences in varietal susceptibility on cold hardy red primocane fruiting raspberries. Significant differences were observed in both the level of infestation and in the average number of larvae per berry by variety. In addition, it appears that there is a significant negative correlation between the level of infestation and the number of larvae per fruit with the time of sampling, but only an interaction of variety and time for the number of larvae per berry. These data provide a better understanding of the biology and ecology of this pest which is critical in refining current management practices. Knowledge of these interactions can aid in optimizing control strategies such as fine-tuning spatial and temporal control measures, which may be particularly important for early season infestations.
文摘Spotted wing drosophila, <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Matsumura) (SWD), is emerging as the most significant pest of berries and stone fruits worldwide. With a broad host range, thin-skinned berries are particularly susceptible to infestation, and fruit producers are desperate for methods to control this pest. One of the keys to developing an integrated management program for SWD is to understand host preference and varietal susceptibility of highly susceptible crop hosts. Working in replicated small plots, experiments were conducted to evaluate differences in varietal susceptibility on cold hardy red primocane fruiting raspberries. Significant differences were observed in both the level of infestation and in the average number of larvae per berry by variety. In addition, it appears that there is a significant negative correlation between the level of infestation and the number of larvae per fruit with the time of sampling, but only an interaction of variety and time for the number of larvae per berry. These data provide a better understanding of the biology and ecology of this pest which is critical in refining current management practices. Knowledge of these interactions can aid in optimizing control strategies such as fine-tuning spatial and temporal control measures, which may be particularly important for early season infestations.
文摘Global climate change and acquired resistance to insecticides are threats to world food security.Drosophila suzukii,a devastating invasive pest in many parts of the world,causes substantial economic losses to fruit production industries,forcing farmers to apply broad-spectrum insecticides frequently,This could lead to the development of insecticide resistance.We determined the Lethal Concentration 50 (median lethal concen- tration,LC50)values of zeta-cypermethrin,spinosad,and malathion insecticides against D.suzukii colonies established from Clarke and Pierce county Georgia,United States. The LC50 values were 3 fold higher in the Pierce county population for all insecticide treatments.We then used RNA sequencing to analyze the responses of Pierce and Clarke population flies surviving a LC50 treatment of the 3 insecticides.We identified a high num- ber of differentially expressed genes that are likely involved in detoxification and reduced cuticular penetration,especially in the Pierce population,with extensive overlap in differ- entially expressed genes between the 3 insecticide treatments.Finally,we predicted fewer nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants having deleterious effects on protein function among detoxification,insecticide target,and cuticular protein encoding genes in Pierce flies.Thus a combination of increased gene expression and fewer deleterious single nu- cleotide variants highlights molecular mechanisms underlying the higher LC50 values for Pierce population flies.
