Hypoglycemic effect and the mechanism of action of a polysaccharide from sweet corncob in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a metabolic disease caused by a glycolipid metabolism disorder and isletβ-cell dysfunction.SCP-80-I is a biologically active water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from sweet corncob,an agricultural byproduct.The hypoglycemic effects of SCP-80-I on T2DM mice and its mechanisms were investigated in this study.SCP-80-I was found to significantly reduce blood glucose and lipid deposition levels in T2DM mice,as well as decrease serum leptin and increase adiponectin secretion.Interestingly,real time-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blotting results revealed that SCP-80-I could regulate the expression of several glycolipid metabolisms and insulin secretion genes and proteins,including 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),carnitine palmitoyltransferase I(CPTI),and acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase(ACC)in the liver and AMPK,sirtuin1(Sirtl),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorycoactivator-1(PGC-1α),and uncoupling protein 2(UCP2)in the pancreas.To have a hypoglycemic effect,SCP-80-1 regulated glycolipid metabolism and islet cell function in the liver by regulating the AMPK/AC C/CPT1 signaling pathway and the AMPK/Sirt1/PGC-1αand AMPK/Sirtl/UCP2 signaling pathways.These findings improve our understanding of polysaccharides derived from sweet corncob and the use of SCP-80-I in the production of hypoglycemic foods.

Effects of Controlled-Release Fertilizers and Their Application Methods on Germination and Seedling Growth of Dent and Sweet Corns

Effects of controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) (C-AS, polyolefin coated ammonium sulfate, 50-day-type; Dd-LP, polyolefincoated urea with dicyandiamide, 40-day-type; C-ANP, polyolefin coated ammonium nitrate phosphate, 40-day-type; andC-DAP, polyolefin coated diammonium acid phosphate, 40-day-type), ammonium sulphate and no fertilizer control, andtheir application methods (spot, band, surface and mixed) on germination and seedling development of sweet corn (Zeamays L.var. saccharata Sturt.) and dent corn (Zea mays L.var. indentata Sturt.) were investigated in a greenhouse. Underco-situs application (band and spot) of CRFs, there were no obvious differences in the germination speed and rate for bothdent corn and sweet corn relative to control. Mortality rates of sweet corn seedlings under co-situs application were highin experiment 1, but were very low in experiment 2, because the environmental conditions were different in the twoexperiments. That is, under lower temperature and weaker sunlight, young seedlings easily die due to high soil nutrientconcentration and slow growth speed of corn. Shoot weight of both dent and sweet corn did not greatly decrease inexperiment 1. In experiment 2, there were no significant differences in shoot and root weight of both corns between co-situs and surface or mixed application methods. However, with spot and band application of ammonium sulfate, shoot androot weight were significantly reduced. Soil EC and pH were considerably affected by co-situs application, especially atthe fertilizer application site. For both dent and sweet corn, EC in the 0-3 cm soil was significantly higher under co-situsapplication and surface application than that under mixed application, whereas in the 3-6 cm soil depth the situation wasreversed. Compared with control, mixed application of CRFs decreased soil pH slightly (0-3 cm depth) or greatly (3-6 cmdepth).

Seed Health Status of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt) from Five Areas in China and Effect on Field Seedling Emergence

The health status of 18 sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt) hybrids classified to two types, collected from five areas in China, was examined by PDA method, and factors influencing seed health and relationships between seed health and field seedling emergence were studied. Seventeen fungal genera were isolated and Fusarium was the most frequently isolated. There were significant differences both in incidence of Fusarium and in percentage of infected seeds among 18 hybrids. Research also showed that significant and consistent differences both in seed-borne fungal taxa and in percentage of infected seeds existed between two types of sweet corn. Sugar enhanced corn is more slightly infected than super sweet corn both in fungal taxa (13 and 16, respectively) and in percentage of infected seeds (62.0 and 79.2%, respectively). There were also significant differences both in seed-borne fungal taxa and in percentage of infected seeds among five areas. Seeds from South China were most severely infected, for there were 14 fungal genera detected and the percentage of infected seeds was highly 99.1% while those from Northwest China were slightly infected, for there were 10 fungal genera detected and the percentage of infected seeds was only 14.3%. Further research showed that there were significant negative correlations both between incidence of Fusarium and percentage of field seedling emergence and between percentage of infected seeds and percentage of field seedling emergence. Percentage of field seedling emergence could be estimated by regression equations built by regression analysis.

The Comparison of Sugar Components in the Developing Grains of Sweet Corn and Normal Corn

The sugar components and their dynamic variation in the developing grains of sweet corn(Zea mays L. seccharata Sturt)and normal corn (Zea mays L. indentata Sturt) were compared. There are WSP (water-soluble polysaccharides), sucrose, fructose, glucose, mannitol and sorbitol in both sweet corn and normal corn, but no maltose. Two components with different degrees of polymerization (D. P. N) were detected in the sweet corn; only one of them was detected in the normal corn 20 days after pollination. With the development of grains, the total soluble sugar content(TSS)in sweet corn increased, but in normal corn it decreased. The dynamic variation of WSP, sucrose, glucose, fructose, mannitol and sorbitol in sweet and normal corn grains are different. The contents of sugar components in the sweet corn grains are higher than that in the normal corn. Sweet corn accumulates less starch than normal corn.

Dynamic Variation and Correlation of Pericarp Tenderness and Component Contents of Super Sweet Corn(sh_(2))in Kernel Development

Data on the mechanism of how pericarp components in fresh sweet corn affect pericarp tenderness are scarce.This study explored variation and correlation of pericarp tenderness and components over time in three inbred lines of sweet corn that were selected for their differences in pericarp tenderness.The three lines presented a curvilinear increase in pericarp tenderness(puncture reading)from 12 to 24 d after pollination(DAP)across two environments,with the means at each time point always in the same order:S33205>T105>PE10.Pericarp tenderness difference at each same time point in two environments over time varied similarly in each of the three inbred lines:increasing first,then dropping after peak,and insignificant at the end.Of the main pericarp components,mean contents were in the order:hemicellulose>cellulose>lignin in both environments at each time point for the three inbred lines.As the pericarp developed,hemicellulose content increased gradually,lignin content varied along a single-peak curve,cellulose content fluctuated around 24%,and pectin and ash contents changed slightly and irregularly.The pericarp of PE10,with the most tender pericarp,accumulated hemicellulose faster than other two lines.Hemicellulose and lignin contents were significantly correlated with pericarp tenderness,and the main components affected pericarp tenderness.

Relationships between changes of kernel nutritive components and seed vigor during development stages of F_1 seeds of sh_2 sweet corn

The changes of kernel nutritive components and seed vigor in F1 seeds of sh2 sweet corn during seed development stage were investigated and the relationships between them were analyzed by time series regression (TSR) analysis. The results show that total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents gradually declined, while starch and soluble protein contents increased throughout the seed development stages. Germination percentage, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index gradually increased along with seed development and reached the highest levels at 38 d after pollination (DAP). The TSR showed that, during 14 to 42 DAP, total soluble sugar content was independent of the vigor parameters determined in present experiment, while the reducing sugar content had a significant effect on seed vigor. TSR equations between seed reducing sugar and seed vigor were also developed. There were negative correlations between the seed reducing sugar content and the germination percentage, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index, respectively. It is suggested that the seed germination, energy of germination, germination index and vigor index could be predicted by the content of reducing sugar in sweet corn seeds during seed development stages.

QTL Mapping for Partial Resistance to Southern Corn Rust Using RILs of Tropical Sweet Corn

Southern corn rust is one of destructive diseases in maize caused by Puccinia polysora Undrew. A mapping population of tropical sweet corn recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between hA9104 and hA9035 inbred lines were set up to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in partial resistance to southern corn rust. Eighty nine RILs were used to evaluate resistance levels using nine-point relative scale (1-9) at Sweet Seeds, Suwan Farm, Thailand include combined analysis. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 157 SSR markers, with a total length of 2123.1 cM, covering 10 chromosomes. Broad-sense heritability of individual location ranged from 0.76 and 0.82 and combined across locations was 0.87. Multiple QTL mapping (MQM) was applied for the identification of the QTLs. Fifteen QTLs were detected on chromosome 1, 2, 5, 6, 9 and 10 in both locations and combined across locations. QTLs on chromosome 1, 5 and 6 were contributed by alleles of resistant parent hA9104 while others were contributed by alleles from the susceptible parent, hA9035. Phenotypic variance of each QTL explained ranged from 6.1% to 41.8% with a total of 69.8% - 81.9%. QTL on chromosome 1, 6 and 10 were stable QTLs detected in both locations.

Leaf Turgor Potential, Plant Growth and Photosynthesis in Organically Fertilized Sweet Corn

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted using a complete random design with six replications. A pressure-volume curve analysis was employed to study the effects of organic fertilizers on plant water relations in sweet corn (Zea mays L. cv.Honey-bantam) in terms of leaf osmotic concentration (CS), osmotic potentials at full turgid status (πFT) and at incipient plasmolysis (πIp), and of symplastic (ζsym) and apoplastic (ζapo) fractions in the tissue water compartment in relation to photosynthetic capacity (PC) and dry mass accumulation. At the seedling stage (day 15), plants with chemical fertilizer treatments showed lower πFT, πIp and ζapo and higher CS, ζsym and PC than those with organic fertilizer treatments.Compared to PC and relative growth, where values from day 15 to day 75 were first lower for organic treatments and then higher, ζsym and CS values were similar, while πFT and πip were opposite being higher then lower. Dry mass production with organic fertilizcr was higher than or close to the chemical fertilizer treatments in the later growth stage (day 75),though dry mass production with chemical fertilizers was much higher in the early and middle growing stages (days 15 and 45). Increased photosynthesis and dry mass production in later growth stages due to organic fertilizers were associated with increased osmotic concentration in the tissue and the symplastic fraction of the tissue water compartment. These might favor stomatal opening and biochemical activities.

Effect of Sweet Corn Straw Returning to the Field on Soil Fertility, Yield and Benefit

It is an important way for realizing sustainable development of sweet corn production to stabilize and improve soil fertility of cultivated land in sweet corn production region.Through the test of sweet corn straw directly returning to the field after 6seasons for 3years,the results showed that continuous single application of chemical fertilizer is not conducive to the stability of soil fertility and yield improvement,and implementation of straw returning could receive fertility,improve soil acidic conditions,and enhance the yield of sweet corn.Compared with before the test,the single application of chemical fertilizer increased soil available phosphorus,while the contents of soil organic matter,available nitrogen and available potassium decreased by 1.08,1.18 and 2.47mg/kg respectively,and the soil pH decreased by 0.15.Under the same fertilizer conditions,organic matter contents of single and double-season straw returning increased by 0.71 and 1.29g/kg,available nitrogen increased by 17.15 and 28.27mg/kg,available phosphorus increased by 0.96 and 1.73mg/kg,available potassium increased by 2.41 and 5.92mg/kg,the soil pH increased by 0.16 and 0.2.Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer,the average yields of single and double-season straw returning increased by 7.5%and 11.8%,and their average income increased by 87.3and 117.1yuan of per mu(667m^2)respectively.

Various Organic Nutrient Sources in Combinations with Inorganic Fertilizers Influence the Yield and Quality of Sweet Corn(Zea mays L.saccharata)in New Alluvial Soils of West Bengal,India

Nutrient management plays a crucial role in the yield and quality of sweet corn.A field experiment was conducted in consecutive two kharif seasons in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the effect of various organic sources of nutrients in combination with inorganic sources on the yield and quality of sweet corn under new alluvial soils of West Bengal,India.Treatments were:T_(1):Control(without fertilizers);T_(2):100%recommended dose(RDF)of chemical fertilizers(CF)(RDF CF_(100%));T_(3):100%recommended dose of N(RDN)through vermicompost(VC)(RDN VC_(100%));T_(4):50 RDN through CF+50%RDN through VC(RDN CF_(50%)+RDN VC50%);T_(5):50%RDF through CF+50%RDN through organic source(OS)1,Soligro(Ascophyllum nodosum)granular(RDN CF_(50%)+RDN OS_(150%));T6:50%RDN through CF+50%RDN through OS 2,Bioenzyme(liquid)(RDN CF_(50%)+RDN OS250%);T7:50%RDN through CF+50%RDN through OS 3,Opteine(Ascophyllum nodosum)filtrate[RDN CF_(50%)+RDN OS350%];T8:50%RDN through VC+50%RDF through OS 1,Soligro(Ascophyllum nodosum)granular(RDN VC50%+RDN OS_(150%)).The OS of fertilizers were VC,SoliGro Gr(OS1)(Ascophyllum nodosum),Bioenzyme liquid(OS2),and Opteine(Ascophyllum nodosum)filtrate(OS3).The inorganic source was traditional CF applied at the RDF(150:75:75 kg ha^(−1) of N:P2O5:K2O).The VC was used to supply 100%RDN as one source or 50%RDN when combined with CF or OS.Maximum fruit yield(10.75 and 10.79 t ha^(−1) in 2018 and 2019,respectively)was recorded when RDF was substituted through CF only,being statistically at par with 50%CF+50%VC on a nitrogen equivalent basis(9.92 and 10.00 t ha^(−1) in 2018 and 2019,respectively)and 100%VC(8.22 and 8.32 t ha^(−1) in 2018 and 2019,respectively).Compared to chemical sources of nutrients,VC-based treatments produced a larger percentage of large-size cob(>25 cm).The 100%VC increased antioxidant(8.35 and 8.45 mg g^(−1)),carotenoid(0.59 and 0.61 mg/100 g),and phenol(55.06 and 55.02 mg 100 g^(−1))content compared with its 50%dose in combination with other sources.The study revealed the potentiality of organic sources towards achieving improved cob quality of sweet corn.

甜玉米自交系重金属Pb、Cd积累差异及分子检测

【目的】筛选获得在重金属Pb、Cd单一污染及复合污染下Pb、Cd低积累的优良甜玉米自交系,以及可用于甜玉米重金属Pb、Cd积累早代鉴定的分子技术。【方法】以10个甜玉米自交系为供试材料,通过盆栽试验研究重金属Pb、Cd单一污染及Pb、Cd复合污染下,玉米根系、茎叶和籽粒中Pb、Cd含量的积累差异;同时对供试材料ZmHMA2 InDel位点进行Pb、Cd积累差异分子检测,综合分子标记检测与重金属Pb、Cd在不同材料间的积累结果,筛选甜玉米重金属低积累自交系。【结果】无论是单一污染还是复合污染,重金属Pb、Cd的积累规律均表现为根系>茎叶>籽粒;在复合污染下,玉米不同组织对重金属Pb、Cd的积累无明显竞争与协同效应,表明玉米Pb、Cd的积累机制存在一定差异。通过鉴定,获得籽粒Pb低积累玉米自交系2份,籽粒Cd低积累玉米自交系3份,仅有一份材料闽甜系X901表现出籽粒Pb、Cd均低积累。利用InDel位点(InDel2307)对供试材料进行分子检测,结果发现供试材料中有4份存在该位点,含有该位点的材料中根系、茎叶和籽粒Cd含量平均值较其他材料平均值分别低1.801、0.64、0.131 mg·kg^(-1)。【结论】InDel2307位点能将不同玉米自交系按Cd累积量进行区分,对甜玉米Cd含量的区分具有特异性标记。综合分子标记检测与Pb、Cd含量积累结果,筛选出自交系闽甜系X901为Pb、Cd低积累材料。

4种植物源性成分多重real-time PCR检测方法的建立及其在食用淀粉中的应用

建立一种可同时快速检测红薯、木薯、马铃薯、玉米源性成分的多重实时聚合酶链式反应(real-time polymerase chain reaction,real-time PCR)方法。分别以红薯g3pdh基因、木薯g3pdh基因、马铃薯UGPase基因、玉米zSSIIb基因为靶基因设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针,以18S rRNA基因为内参基因,建立多重real-time PCR方法,开展方法学验证,并对不同掺入比例模拟样品和实际淀粉样品进行检测。结果显示,该方法具有高通量、特异性强、灵敏度高等优点。与15种非目标源性均无交叉反应;对目标DNA的检测灵敏度可达到3×10^(-3) ng/μL,且具有良好的线性关系和扩增效率;对淀粉样品的检出限可达0.1%,对50份实际样品进行检测,结果与参比方法一致,说明建立的多重real-time PCR法可用于食用淀粉种类掺假鉴别检测。

新型包装材料对甜玉米贮藏品质的影响

甜玉米采后代谢旺盛,品质极易发生劣变,包装保鲜为最简单的解决方式。为明确包装材料对甜玉米贮藏品质的影响,以“BM380”甜玉米为试验材料,研究采用7种材料包装的甜玉米在2~5℃贮藏条件下的失重率、感官品质、可溶性糖含量和VC含量的变化,并以感官品质为最主要指标判断包装材料的保鲜效果。结果表明:在7种包装材料中,欧乐甜玉米保鲜袋在降低甜玉米失重率方面表现最优,在贮藏14 d时失重率仅0.746%;生物气调保鲜包装袋包装的甜玉米在超市冷链销售保鲜期最长,可达7d,比对照超市聚乙烯包装袋延长4d,贮藏16d时感官指数为3.01,仍具食用价值,其次是欧乐甜玉米保鲜袋包装,甜玉米超市冷链销售保鲜期为6 d,贮藏13 d时感官指数为4.33,仍具食用价值;复命锁鲜袋可以维持甜玉米的VC含量,贮藏12d的VC含量较对照显著提高46.8%,其次是欧乐甜玉米保鲜袋包装,贮藏12、15d分别较对照显著提高38.03%、11.32%;加厚(抗菌/保鲜)膜自制包装袋包装的甜玉米可溶性糖含量下降最缓慢,贮藏15 d的可溶性糖含量比对照显著提高73.11%,欧乐甜玉米保鲜袋包装较对照显著提高49.09%。可见,欧乐甜玉米保鲜袋可减缓甜玉米失重,生物气调保鲜包装袋的冷链保鲜期较长,复命锁鲜袋可维持甜玉米的VC含量,加厚(抗菌/保鲜)膜自制包装袋可保持甜玉米的可溶性糖含量。综合考虑失重率、感官指数及营养成分损失情况,建议选择欧乐甜玉米保鲜袋。

甜加糯型鲜食玉米留层加工关键工艺研究

为了最大程度延长并保持甜加糯型鲜食玉米的营养成分和口感,对玉米加工工艺进行研究。首先,确定了需要保留玉米内部2~4片苞叶的加工要求;其次,以冀糯173甜加糯型鲜食玉米为研究对象,掌握了鲜食玉米苞叶包覆状态及其在穗柄上的生长分布规律,提出了先定位切割再利用内外层苞叶附着力的差异去除外层苞叶的加工工艺;然后,在开展鲜食玉米外部形态尺寸测量实验的基础上,设计了一种环状定位结构,并搭建了去苞叶设备;最后,通过合理留层试验对所提出的加工工艺进行了验证。结果表明:先经定位环定位切割穗柄,再经去苞叶设备处理的玉米能够苞叶合理留层2~4片,定位环参数为大内径53 mm、小内径41 mm、接触区8 mm、保护区2 mm、厚度2.5 mm。先定位切割再去除外层苞叶的加工工艺合理可行,能够实现甜加糯型鲜食玉米合理保留内层苞叶的加工目标。鲜食玉米留层加工工艺可为甜加糯型鲜食玉米留层加工生产线的设计和改进提供参考。

基于提高类胡萝卜素稳定性的甜玉米营养糊配方优化

为研制类胡萝卜素稳定性良好的甜玉米营养糊,分别考察了多种食品辅料及添加剂包括蔗糖、麦芽糊精及β环糊精等糖类、大豆分离蛋白及乳清蛋白等蛋白质、大豆卵磷脂及共轭亚油酸甘油酯等脂类与茶多酚、维生素C等抗氧化剂对甜玉米营养糊冲调后主要类胡萝卜素玉米黄素、叶黄素保留率的影响,以干基甜玉米原粉100.00 g为基准,在单因素实验基础上结合响应面分析,优化得到最佳辅料质量分数为:蔗糖4.00%,羟丙基-β-环糊精0.04%,高DE麦芽糊精21.30%,大豆分离蛋白8.18%,共轭亚油酸甘油酯0.06%,茶多酚0.07%;此配方甜玉米营养糊热水冲调后玉米主要类胡萝卜素保留率为(87.66±1.83)%,比未添加配料的甜玉米全粉对照组提高了26.85%。

蓄冷箱包装在模拟冷链运输中对甜玉米品质的影响

甜玉米采后生理代谢旺盛,极易老化,严重影响食用品质。为了明确采后蓄冷包装模拟冷链运输对甜玉米品质的影响,以‘金冠218’甜玉米为实验材料,以冷库贮藏(4℃)模拟冷藏车运输为对照,研究了蓄冷箱包装甜玉米在模拟冷链运输3 d及随后常温货架(20℃)贮藏1 d过程中的品质变化。结果表明:蓄冷箱包装的甜玉米中心最高温度3 d内不超过7℃,蓄冷保温效果良好。与对照相比,蓄冷箱包装模拟冷链运输可以很好地维持甜玉米冷链运输和货架期间的品质,延缓甜玉米苞叶颜色的变化,其中模拟冷链运输3 d后甜玉米的质量损失率降低了72.66%,可溶性固形物含量提高了4.97%,可溶性糖含量提高了10.13%;甜玉米的抗氧化酶除超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性下降外,过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ascorbate peroxidase,APX)活性比对照组有显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,利用蓄冷箱包装可以保持甜玉米冷链运输过程和货架期的品质,研究结果为甜玉米采后物流运输过程的蓄冷包装保鲜提供了技术依据。

大豆秸和稻草对甜玉米秸秆和湿啤酒糟混合青贮的影响

甜玉米(Zea mays var.rugosa)秸秆和湿啤酒糟含水量较高,青贮可有效解决其不易贮藏的问题。通过设置甜玉米秸秆单贮、湿啤酒糟单贮、两者不同比例(3∶1和4∶1)混合青贮以及分别添加大豆(Glycine max)秸和稻(Oryza sativa)草将混合青贮的含水量调节为60%和70%,共12个处理,探究混合比例及含水量对其混合青贮发酵品质及有氧稳定性的影响。结果表明:甜玉米秸秆单贮发酵品质良好,湿啤酒糟单贮发酵品质较差,二者按3∶1混贮后显著提高了乳酸及乙酸含量(P<0.05),4∶1混贮后显著提高了乳酸含量(P<0.05),但4∶1混贮后好氧细菌及酵母数量较3∶1高;与甜玉米秸秆单贮相比,添加大豆秸显著提高了混合青贮料的有氧稳定性(P<0.05),有氧暴露7 d后的pH值仍接近4.2,添加大豆秸将含水量调节为60%显著降低了NH3-N含量(P<0.05);添加稻草的所有处理均显著降低了NH3-N含量(P<0.05)。综上,甜玉米秸秆与湿啤酒糟按3︰1的比例混合,并添加大豆秸将含水量调节为60%,其发酵品质好,有氧暴露7 d有氧稳定性也较好。

收获期对冬种甜玉米秸秆青贮品质的影响

为探究粤西地区冬种甜玉米秸秆适宜收获期,试验选用粤西地区广泛种植的金银粟2号为试验材料,于广东海洋大学试验田种植,在鲜穗采摘后5、10、15 d收获秸秆,60 d青贮发酵后测定营养成分、发酵品质和瘤胃降解率等。结果表明:随着收获期延长,青贮秸秆的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、可溶性糖(SS)、淀粉(Starch)、酸洗不溶蛋白(ADICP)、可溶性蛋白(SCP)、瘤胃降解蛋白(RDP)的含量及24、48 h的中性洗涤纤维降解率(NDFD)和干物质降解率(DMD)均显著增加(P<0.05);其中第15 d收获的秸秆青贮后氨态氮(NH_3-N)、氨态氮/总氮(NH_3-N/TN)以及乙酸(AA)含量占比最高(P<0.05)。研究表明,粤西地区冬种金银粟2号摘穗后15 d收获秸秆为宜。

甜玉米秸秆发酵酒的酿造工艺研究

利用白腐菌、褐腐菌发酵制备甜玉米秸秆发酵酒。以乙醇体积分数为指标,在单因素试验的基础上通过响应面法优化甜玉米秸秆发酵酒的酿造工艺。结果表明:最佳酿造工艺条件为纤维素降解时间20 d、酒曲添加量12%(以秸秆质量为基准)、初始糖含量163 g/L、发酵时间72 h,在此条件下,甜玉米秸秆发酵酒的乙醇体积分数为12.05%。酿造的酒体菌落总数≤50 CFU/mL、大肠杆菌≤3 CFU/100 mL、致病菌未检出,酒体无色、清亮透明、有光泽,具有淡淡的甜玉米秸秆的清香,口感清甜。