In this study,four strains of Toxoplasma gondii with the same genetic type（Type I） originated from chicken,human,cat and swine were used to compare the immune responses in resistant chicken host to investigate the r...In this study,four strains of Toxoplasma gondii with the same genetic type（Type I） originated from chicken,human,cat and swine were used to compare the immune responses in resistant chicken host to investigate the relationships between the parasite origins and the pathogenicity in certain host.A total of 300,10-day-old chickens were allocated randomly into five groups which named JS（from chicken）,CAT（from cat）,CN（from swine）,RH（from human） and a negative control group（—Ve） with 60 birds in each group.Tachyzoites of four different T.gondii strains（JS,CAT,CN and RH） were inoculated intraperitoneally with the dose of 1×10~7 in the four designed groups,respectively.The negative control（-Ve） group was mockly inoculated with phosphate-buffered saline（PBS） alone.Blood and spleen samples were obtained on the day of inoculation（day 0） and at days 4,11,25,39 and 53 post-infection to screen the immunopathological changes.The results demonstrated some different immune characters of T.gondii infected chickens with that of mice or swine previous reported.These differences included up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class Ⅱ（MHC Ⅱ） molecules in the early stage of infection,early peak expressions of interleukin（IL）-12（IL-12） and-10（IL-10） and long keep of IL-17.These might partially contribute to the resistance of chicken to T.gondii infection.Comparisons to chickens infected with strains from human,cat and swine,chickens infected with strain from chicken showed significant high levels of CD4~＋ and CD8~＋ T cells,interferon gamma（IFN-γ）,IL-12 and IL-10.It suggested that the strain from chicken had different ability to stimulate cellular immunity in chicken.展开更多
Animal production depends on nutrient utilization and if done there is an accelerated momentum towards growth with a low cost to feed ratio Public concern over the consumption of pork with antibiotic residues of the a...Animal production depends on nutrient utilization and if done there is an accelerated momentum towards growth with a low cost to feed ratio Public concern over the consumption of pork with antibiotic residues of the animals fed with antibiotic growth promoters （AGP） has paved the way to use other additives like herbs and their products, probiotics, prebiotics etc. Numerous feed additives are in vogue for achieving this target and one such classical example is the usage of organic acids and their salts. Usage of organic acids was in progress for over four decades. Early weaned piglets are （3-4 weeks age） exposed to stress with a reduced feed intake, little or no weight gain. This post weaning lag period is due to a limited digestive and absorptive capacity due to insufficient production of hydrochloric acid, pancreatic enzymes and sudden changes in feed consistency and intake. Lowering dietary pH by weak organic acids was found to overcome these problems. The main activity of organic acids is associated with a reduction in gastric pH converting the inactive pepsinogen to active pepsin for effective protein hydrolysis. Organic acids are both bacteriostatic and bactericidal. Lactic acid has been reported to reduce gastric pH and delay the multiplication of an enterotoxigenic E. coil These acids are the intermediary products in Kreb＇s cycle and thus act as an energy source preventing the tissue breakdown resulting from gluconeogenesis and lipolysis. Excretion of supplemental minerals and nitrogen are minimized with organic acids as these form complexes with minerals and aids for their bio-availability. Short chain fatty cids like acetic, propionic and n-butyric acid produced by microbial fermentation of dietary fibre in the large intestines may increase the proliferation of epithelial cells and have stimulatory effects on both endocrine and exocrine pancreatic secretions in pigs. Organic acids also enhances apparent total tract digestibility and improves growth performance. It is concluded that organic acids and their salts increase the protein utilization especially in weaner pigs and improves production indices.展开更多
Swine vesicular stomatitis is an acute, febrile, highly contagious zoonotic diseases caused by vesicular stomatitis virus （VSV）. Disease in affected pigs was typically characterized by vesicular lesions on the mouth...Swine vesicular stomatitis is an acute, febrile, highly contagious zoonotic diseases caused by vesicular stomatitis virus （VSV）. Disease in affected pigs was typically characterized by vesicular lesions on the mouth, snout, oral mucosa, coronet and interdigital skin. The disease is endemic in the Americas, Europe and Africa and other places. As the foreign trade of animals and animal products increase, the risk of swine vesicular stomatitis spreading into our country also will be increased. Therefore, the accurate and timely diagnosis and control of swine vesicular stomatitis are critical and necessary.展开更多
为了初步了解从江苏某屠宰场分离鉴定出的一株猪源H1N1亚型猪流感病毒(SIV)A/Swine/Jiangsu/1070/2019(H1N1)的6致病性,对该分离株纯化后进行全基因序列分析,测定其生物学特性,并以10 EID50病毒感染BALB/c小鼠。序列分析结果显示,该病...为了初步了解从江苏某屠宰场分离鉴定出的一株猪源H1N1亚型猪流感病毒(SIV)A/Swine/Jiangsu/1070/2019(H1N1)的6致病性,对该分离株纯化后进行全基因序列分析,测定其生物学特性,并以10 EID50病毒感染BALB/c小鼠。序列分析结果显示,该病毒HA基因的裂解位点为339PSIQSR↓G347,符合低致病性SIV的分子特征,与A/Swine/Jiangsu/J006/2018(H1N1)同源性最高达到98.94%,NA基因与A/Swine/Shandong/LY142/2017(H1N1)同源性最高达到98.79%,内部基因PB2、PB1、PA、M、NP和NS分别与2018年出现的不同猪源H1N1亚型具有高同源性,因此该病毒是一株在猪体内重组的病毒;病毒在鸡胚上的半数感染量(EID50)为10-8.5/0.1 mL,在MDCK细胞上的半数感染量(TCID50)为10-5.22/0.1 mL;小鼠致病性结果显示,该病毒除可导致小鼠体重下降外,还具有致死小鼠的能力,小鼠的致死率约为33.3%,其能够在小鼠的肺脏和心脏中复制,滴度分布达到2.91±0.19 lg EID50/mL和2.37±0.29 lg EID50/mL,感染后可造成小鼠肺部组织发生严重炎性反应,并导致炎性相关细胞因子IL-6、IL-12和TNF-α的表达水平明显上调(P<0.01)。综上表明该毒株为新型重组病毒,对小鼠具有一定致病性,为H1N1亚型猪流感的预警和防控提供一定的参考依据。展开更多
基金supported by the Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry of Ministry of Agriculture of China(200903036-04)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China(PAPD)
文摘In this study,four strains of Toxoplasma gondii with the same genetic type（Type I） originated from chicken,human,cat and swine were used to compare the immune responses in resistant chicken host to investigate the relationships between the parasite origins and the pathogenicity in certain host.A total of 300,10-day-old chickens were allocated randomly into five groups which named JS（from chicken）,CAT（from cat）,CN（from swine）,RH（from human） and a negative control group（—Ve） with 60 birds in each group.Tachyzoites of four different T.gondii strains（JS,CAT,CN and RH） were inoculated intraperitoneally with the dose of 1×10~7 in the four designed groups,respectively.The negative control（-Ve） group was mockly inoculated with phosphate-buffered saline（PBS） alone.Blood and spleen samples were obtained on the day of inoculation（day 0） and at days 4,11,25,39 and 53 post-infection to screen the immunopathological changes.The results demonstrated some different immune characters of T.gondii infected chickens with that of mice or swine previous reported.These differences included up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class Ⅱ（MHC Ⅱ） molecules in the early stage of infection,early peak expressions of interleukin（IL）-12（IL-12） and-10（IL-10） and long keep of IL-17.These might partially contribute to the resistance of chicken to T.gondii infection.Comparisons to chickens infected with strains from human,cat and swine,chickens infected with strain from chicken showed significant high levels of CD4~＋ and CD8~＋ T cells,interferon gamma（IFN-γ）,IL-12 and IL-10.It suggested that the strain from chicken had different ability to stimulate cellular immunity in chicken.
文摘Animal production depends on nutrient utilization and if done there is an accelerated momentum towards growth with a low cost to feed ratio Public concern over the consumption of pork with antibiotic residues of the animals fed with antibiotic growth promoters （AGP） has paved the way to use other additives like herbs and their products, probiotics, prebiotics etc. Numerous feed additives are in vogue for achieving this target and one such classical example is the usage of organic acids and their salts. Usage of organic acids was in progress for over four decades. Early weaned piglets are （3-4 weeks age） exposed to stress with a reduced feed intake, little or no weight gain. This post weaning lag period is due to a limited digestive and absorptive capacity due to insufficient production of hydrochloric acid, pancreatic enzymes and sudden changes in feed consistency and intake. Lowering dietary pH by weak organic acids was found to overcome these problems. The main activity of organic acids is associated with a reduction in gastric pH converting the inactive pepsinogen to active pepsin for effective protein hydrolysis. Organic acids are both bacteriostatic and bactericidal. Lactic acid has been reported to reduce gastric pH and delay the multiplication of an enterotoxigenic E. coil These acids are the intermediary products in Kreb＇s cycle and thus act as an energy source preventing the tissue breakdown resulting from gluconeogenesis and lipolysis. Excretion of supplemental minerals and nitrogen are minimized with organic acids as these form complexes with minerals and aids for their bio-availability. Short chain fatty cids like acetic, propionic and n-butyric acid produced by microbial fermentation of dietary fibre in the large intestines may increase the proliferation of epithelial cells and have stimulatory effects on both endocrine and exocrine pancreatic secretions in pigs. Organic acids also enhances apparent total tract digestibility and improves growth performance. It is concluded that organic acids and their salts increase the protein utilization especially in weaner pigs and improves production indices.
文摘Swine vesicular stomatitis is an acute, febrile, highly contagious zoonotic diseases caused by vesicular stomatitis virus （VSV）. Disease in affected pigs was typically characterized by vesicular lesions on the mouth, snout, oral mucosa, coronet and interdigital skin. The disease is endemic in the Americas, Europe and Africa and other places. As the foreign trade of animals and animal products increase, the risk of swine vesicular stomatitis spreading into our country also will be increased. Therefore, the accurate and timely diagnosis and control of swine vesicular stomatitis are critical and necessary.
文摘为了初步了解从江苏某屠宰场分离鉴定出的一株猪源H1N1亚型猪流感病毒(SIV)A/Swine/Jiangsu/1070/2019(H1N1)的6致病性,对该分离株纯化后进行全基因序列分析,测定其生物学特性,并以10 EID50病毒感染BALB/c小鼠。序列分析结果显示,该病毒HA基因的裂解位点为339PSIQSR↓G347,符合低致病性SIV的分子特征,与A/Swine/Jiangsu/J006/2018(H1N1)同源性最高达到98.94%,NA基因与A/Swine/Shandong/LY142/2017(H1N1)同源性最高达到98.79%,内部基因PB2、PB1、PA、M、NP和NS分别与2018年出现的不同猪源H1N1亚型具有高同源性,因此该病毒是一株在猪体内重组的病毒;病毒在鸡胚上的半数感染量(EID50)为10-8.5/0.1 mL,在MDCK细胞上的半数感染量(TCID50)为10-5.22/0.1 mL;小鼠致病性结果显示,该病毒除可导致小鼠体重下降外,还具有致死小鼠的能力,小鼠的致死率约为33.3%,其能够在小鼠的肺脏和心脏中复制,滴度分布达到2.91±0.19 lg EID50/mL和2.37±0.29 lg EID50/mL,感染后可造成小鼠肺部组织发生严重炎性反应,并导致炎性相关细胞因子IL-6、IL-12和TNF-α的表达水平明显上调(P<0.01)。综上表明该毒株为新型重组病毒,对小鼠具有一定致病性,为H1N1亚型猪流感的预警和防控提供一定的参考依据。
