Design of Real Time Battery Management Unit for PV-Hybrid System by Application of Coulomb Counting Method

This paper presents a real-time battery management unit designed by applying the Coulomb counting method and intended for use in an integrated renewable energy system for PV-Hybrid power supply. Battery management is required to stabilize hybrid systems and extend battery lifetimes. The battery management unit is divided into three main stages. Firstly, analysis of the basic components of the battery type used in the system is considered. Secondly, the state of charge (SOC) estimation method and the deterioration factor of the battery are analyzed. Finally, the overall battery management system, including a computer-based measurement and control unit, is constructed. The control system displays real-time information through LabVIEW 8.5 by estimating the state of charge through various measurements. The system will issue alerts when malfunctions are detected, and the operator can analyze and react to the system in real time to stabilize the system and extend the battery lifetime.

Study on green power supply modes for heavy load in Remote Areas

In this study,the present situation and characteristics of power supply in remote areas are summarized.By studying the cases of power supply projects in remote areas,the experience is analyzed and described,and the applicability of related technologies,such as grid-forming storage and power load management,is studied,including grid-connection technologies,such as grid-forming converters and power load management.On this basis,three power-supply modes were proposed.The application scenarios and advantages of the three modes were compared and analyzed.Based on the local development situation,the temporal sequences of the three schemes are described,and a case study was conducted.The study of the heavy-load power supply mode in remote areas contributes to solving the problem of heavy-load green power consumption in remote areas and promoting the further development of renewable energy.

Simulation realization of skip cycle mode integrated control circuit in the switching power supply with low standby loss

This paper explores and proposes a design solution of an integrated skip cycle mode （SCM） control circuit with a simple structure. The design is simulated and implemented with XD10H-1.0μm modular DIMOS 650 V process. In order to meet the requirement of a wide temperature range and high yields of products, the schematic extracted from the layout is simulated with five process corners at 27℃ and 90℃. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed integrated circuit is immune to noise and achieves skipping cycle control when switching mode power supply （SMPS） works with low load or without load.

Intelligent Vehicle Electrical Power Supply System with Central Coordinated Protection

The current research of vehicle electrical power supply system mainly focuses on electric vehicles（EV） and hybrid electric vehicles（HEV）.The vehicle electrical power supply system used in traditional fuel vehicles is rather simple and imperfect;electrical/electronic devices（EEDs） applied in vehicles are usually directly connected with the vehicle＇s battery.With increasing numbers of EEDs being applied in traditional fuel vehicles,vehicle electrical power supply systems should be optimized and improved so that they can work more safely and more effectively.In this paper,a new vehicle electrical power supply system for traditional fuel vehicles,which accounts for all electrical/electronic devices and complex work conditions,is proposed based on a smart electrical/electronic device（SEED） system.Working as an independent intelligent electrical power supply network,the proposed system is isolated from the electrical control module and communication network,and access to the vehicle system is made through a bus interface.This results in a clean controller power supply with no electromagnetic interference.A new practical battery state of charge（So C） estimation method is also proposed to achieve more accurate So C estimation for lead-acid batteries in traditional fuel vehicles so that the intelligent power system can monitor the status of the battery for an over-current state in each power channel.Optimized protection methods are also used to ensure power supply safety.Experiments and tests on a traditional fuel vehicle are performed,and the results reveal that the battery So C is calculated quickly and sufficiently accurately for battery over-discharge protection.Over-current protection is achieved,and the entire vehicle＇s power utilization is optimized.For traditional fuel vehicles,the proposed vehicle electrical power supply system is comprehensive and has a unified system architecture,enhancing system reliability and security.

Air-Water Cooling System for Switch-Mode Power Supplies

The results are presented of an experimental investigation of heat transfer in an air-liquid cooling system for a Switch-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) for TV digital power amplifiers. Since these SMPSs are characterized by high power and high compactness, thereby making the standard cooling techniques difficult to be used, a new cooling system is developed, using water and air as the cooling media. The active components (MOSFETs) are cooled with a liquid cold-plate, the passive ones (condensers, transformers, coils) with an air flow, in turn cooled by the cold-plate. By inserting the cooling system in an experimental tool where it is possible to control the cooling water, measurements are made of temperature in the significant points of the SMPS. The electric efficiency is also measured. The evaluation of the thermal performance of this cooling system is useful in order to limit its maximum operational temperature. The efficacy of the cooling system is demonstrated;the trends of efficiency and power dissipation are evidenced.

Study of Sliding Mode Control of DC-DC Buck Converter

In this paper, a robust sliding mode controller for the control of dc-dc buck converter is designed and analyzed. Dynamic equations describing the buck converter are derived and sliding mode controller is designed. A two-loop control is employed for a buck converter. The robustness of the sliding mode controlled buck converter system is tested for step load changes and input voltage variations. The theoretical predictions are validated by means of simulations. Matlab/Simulink is used for the simulations. The simulation results are presented. The buck converter is tested with operating point changes and parameter uncertainties. Fast dynamic response of the output voltage and robustness to load and input voltage variations are obtained.

Design and Implementation of Smart Power Voltage and Frequency Synchroniser in Power Distribution System

Voltage and frequency are usually considered and assessed independently in the design and operation of electrical networks. However, these two are linked. Each and every malfunctioning electrical system has an impact on both voltage and frequency. This paper presents the opportunity for monitoring the distributed electrical energy by means of a system that monitors, controls, and provides a breakpoint based on high or low voltage and frequency tripping mechanism that avoids any damage to the load. The designed system comprised a switch mode power supply (SMPS), a direct digital synthesizer (DDS), and PIC16F876A microcontroller techniques for stable voltage and frequency outputs. Proteus design suite version 8.11 software and Benchcope SDS1102CN were used for modeling and simulation. The hardware prototype was implemented at a telecom cell site for data capturing and analysis. Test results showed that the implementation of the prototype provided stable and constant outputs of 222 V/50 Hz and 112 V/60 Hz which constituted 99% and 99.8% efficiency for voltage and frequency performance respectively. The paper also discusses different technologies that can be adopted by the system to mitigate voltage and frequency effects on customer appliances.

机载雷达开关电源新型防浪涌电路设计

针对机载雷达开关电源防浪涌电路在瞬态频繁开关机情况下失效率高的问题,研究了一种新型防浪涌电路。通过将栅源驱动电路和主功率充放电回路分离,分别对两个充放电时间常数独立设计,消除相关性,实现开关电源在瞬态频繁开关机状况下的有效防冲击保护。文中对常规和新型两种防浪涌电路进行了对比分析,仿真和试验结果证明了新型防浪涌电路的有效性。该电路同时具备输入防反接功能,已广泛应用于机载雷达开关电源设计。

矿用隔爆高压配电装置保护及控制电源设计

针对目前井下矿用隔爆高压配电装置保护及控制电源与供电系统同源存在的问题进行分析,提出了矿用独立电源供电的方式。对矿用隔爆高压配电装置保护及控制供电方式进行了分析与设计;对矿用隔爆高压配电装置用独立电源进行了设计;对矿用隔爆高压配电装置保护控制供电方式进行了研究,进一步对其进行了保护控制供电设计和电源切换装置设计。实现了保护及控制供电一用一备独立供电,保障供电系统的安全运行。目前该供电方式已经在潞安化工集团、晋能控股集团的大型矿井实现了井下应用。

基于电磁干扰对消EMI有源滤波模块设计

针对火控设备因开关电源电磁干扰所引起的辐射超标问题,基于差模与共模结合的混合抑制原理,运用电磁干扰对消技术,制作一款小型化的有源滤波模块。该模块尺寸为25.4 mm×25.4 mm×6.0 mm,满足低剖面及便于电路板集成的需求。经实测,其能够抑制10 kHz~10 MHz频段内电源干扰,满足GJB 151B相关电磁兼容要求。通过实测比较发现,与无源滤波相比,其具有体积小、成本低、滤波性能稳定等优点。

纯电动汽车低压电源管理优化策略研究

随着汽车技术的不断发展,汽车的电气设备种类越来越多,电器消耗的电能占整车能量比重不断上升,对汽车低压电源管理提出更高要求。为满足用户日益增长的汽车电子设备用电需求,达到减少整车能量消耗、提高电池充电效率的目的,在对纯电动汽车负载进行分类的基础上,利用遗传算法对用于电量安全分级的低压电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)进行优化,并提出一种基于SOC的4级恒流低压锂电池充电管理策略;利用AVL-Cruise和MATLAB-Simulink软件联合仿真搭建车辆模型,采用不同工况进行仿真验证和对比分析。结果表明,低压锂电池电源管理策略能够满足纯电动汽车的电量安全性要求,在一定程度上提高了整车经济性;优化后的锂电池充电效率有一定的提高,充电时间也有所减少。

蒙西地区规模化储能商业运行模式及风险分析

储能是新型电力系统实现高比例风光消纳的关键。作为国家重要能源和战略资源基地,内蒙古提出在国内率先建成以新能源为核心的新型电力系统。因此,研究适用于内蒙古地区的储能商业模式具有较强现实意义。为了全面比较各种现行储能商业模式在内蒙古地区的应用潜力,以蒙西地区为例,首先从技术视角分析了适用于蒙西地区的规模化储能技术路线、应用场景和配置原则;其次,结合蒙西地区电力生产、输送和消费特点,对目前国内典型的储能商业模式可行性及风险进行分析。研究表明:化学储能受自然条件影响较小,其中磷酸铁锂技术更适应当前电力系统储能规模化发展;短期内用户侧储能只有参与虚拟电厂聚合及参与需求侧响应才能获得盈利空间;合同能源管理模式和共享储能模式更加适用于现阶段蒙西地区规模化储能发展。本文研究能够为能源投资商的蒙西地区储能项目提供决策支持,也可为其他地区储能项目决策和开发提供参考。

风光储联合就近供电多时间尺度优化调度

针对新能源消纳困难的问题,提出一种风光储联合就近供电模式,并建立了多时间尺度的多目标优化调度模型。文中关注不同时间尺度下的调度问题,包括日前、超短期和实时。在日前调度计划中,以风光发电和本地负荷需求日前预测数据为基础,考虑风光储发电系统运行成本问题和负荷供电可靠性问题,建立了双目标优化模型,并使用基于PSO改进的黄金搜索优化算法(GSO)进行求解。在日内超短期计划中,结合日内功率预测更新数据和双储能实际利用情况对储能系统与电网并/离网情况进行调整。在实时调度中,基于本地供需设备监测情况和双储能荷电状态持续可用性,以电网峰谷电价为依据,建立了双电池储能实时调度模型,以实现源/网/荷/储能量的综合管理。最后,利用Matlab搭建了仿真模型,验证了所提出的多时间尺度双储能风光发电功率调度方法的经济性和实用性。

磷酸铁锂电池在高速铁路信号领域的应用方案研究

为满足高速铁路信号中继站电源系统的安全性、可靠性、可用性要求,通过调查国内高速铁路信号电源系统的供电原理、容量配置,以及铅酸电池组出现的问题,对磷酸铁锂电池与铅酸电池的性能差异进行分析,根据磷酸铁锂电池在国内各行业的应用情况,提出一种新型磷酸铁锂电池UPS电源系统设计方案。通过综合分析信号中继站内UPS的工作原理、UPS系统及蓄电池组的容量配置,构建一套具有高安全性的一体化锂电池UPS电源系统,电池模块采用高安全性设计,具备更加完善的故障保护及监测功能,在满足后备时间要求的同时,节约机房面积,保障铁路信号电源系统运行安全,以期为后续磷酸铁锂电池在高速铁路信号领域中应用提供参考。

轨道交通车辆段双流制牵引供电系统在交直流切换供电方式下的电磁场分析

[目的]交直流双流制牵引供电系统车辆段内股道分布密集,接触网距离较近,不同的供电制式会影响车辆段空间电磁场的分布,因此有必要对轨道交通车辆段双流制牵引供电系统在交直流切换供电方式下的电磁场进行分析。[方法]以重庆市郊铁路跳磴至江津线双福车辆段为依托,运用CDEGS软件构建了车辆段交直流双流制牵引供电系统仿真模型,分析了不同运行工况下车辆段空间电磁场强度分布特性。针对车辆段库内接触网的异常电压现象,综合评估了双流制牵引供电系统车辆段电磁场空间分布对接触网感应电压的影响程度,并提出相应的抑制措施。[结果及结论]交流供电制式和直流供电制式下,接触网空间电场均以带电导体为中心呈对称分布,但空间磁场不完全呈对称分布;带电导体数量越多,空间电场强度和磁场强度越大;交流供电制式下,周围导体的静电感应电压大小与导体间距和电压有关;电磁感应电压与电流成正比;采用直流供电制式时,各种工况下导体的静电感应电压均超出人体安全限值36 V。

高效供电系统可靠性与安全性分析

高效供电系统主要用于满足严苛环境下的工作特性和稳定性要求,但由于锂离子电池内部是非稳态的电化学体系,因热滥用、电滥用和机械滥用等异常情况发生可能会产生安全隐患,从而造成严重经济损失和恶劣社会影响。文章提出一种分析验证该系统可靠性与安全性的方法,通过建模分析、热设计仿真验证其可靠性;且经热设计仿真分析满足在高温下长循环情况下的温度稳定性,但水冷板仍有优化空间;采用硬件分析法,分析该系统锂离子电池储能模块在使用过程中可能或实际发生的故障模式,为提高系统使用可靠性、运行安全性等提供依据。

一种结合锂电池管理的城市轨道交通信号系统电源健康管理方案

[目的]为满足城市轨道交通信号系统电源的可靠性、维修性和安全性要求,提高信号系统电源稳定性,需要结合锂电池管理,研究信号系统电源健康管理方案。[方法]介绍了信号系统电源健康管理方案的整体架构。分别介绍了信号系统电源健康管理系统与锂电池管理系统的架构、功能及功能实现,阐述了二者的联动内容。[结果及结论]信号系统电源健康管理系统能实时监测信号电源状态,评估各部分健康度,并预测告警。信号设备功率提升使得对高效备用储能的需求增加。锂电池管理系统监控电池的充放电电压及电流,以及温度,采取保护措施,并利用数学方法估算电池的剩余电量和剩余寿命。二者联动能有效提高信号系统电源的整体稳定性和安全性。

基于BMS的UPS监控系统设计及应用

不间断电源(UPS)对控制系统、生产系统的稳定运行至关重要,一旦发生故障,可能对化工企业造成重大损失。引入电池管理系统(BMS),对BMS在铅酸电池、锂电池的应用进行研究,实现了铅酸电池、锂电池的集中监控、统一管理。通过supOS数据采集系统,对数据进行清洗、整理,并对采集数据进行系统性编码。应用大数据分析,判断UPS运行状况,并在supOS平台上开发应用,以实现UPS运行数据实时监控、分析结果的及时推送和提醒。BMS及手机应用投运后,多次推送故障信息,有效避免了因电池造成的UPS故障。该设计为锂电池、铅酸电池一体化监控及运维在化工行业的应用积累了经验。

平衡位移电流技术在中央空调的应用

为解决中央空调在通讯中的噪音问题,本文分析通讯回路和开关电源回路的原理,得到中央空调基板初次级之间的Y电容会形成共模干扰,造成通讯噪音。为去除Y电容,基于开关电源电磁兼容性(electromagnetic compatibility,EMC)技术,采用平衡位移电流技术和双维度黄金分割法,在不改变电路架构的情况下,完成了中央空调基板去Y电容的技术升级迭代,基板上的EMC解决方案由原来的被动滤波变成了主动降噪。

关于消防供电末端双切在核电厂核岛的适用性分析

《建筑防火通用规范》GB 55037—2022要求重要消防设备应在其配电线路的最末一级配电箱内设置自动切换装置。对核电厂核岛和常规民用建筑消防供电的现状进行对比分析,阐述核电厂核岛消防供电设置末端自动切换装置可能带来的风险,结合对规范条文的溯源及各行业执行情况和经验反馈,提出替代性满足通规的建议。