Chemical synapses are asymmetric intercellular junc. tions through which neurons send nerve impulses to communicate with other neurons or excitable cells. The appropriate formation of synapses, both spatially and temp...Chemical synapses are asymmetric intercellular junc. tions through which neurons send nerve impulses to communicate with other neurons or excitable cells. The appropriate formation of synapses, both spatially and temporally, is essential for brain function and depends on the intercellular protein-protein interactions of cell adhesion molecules （CAMs） at synaptic clefts. The CAM proteins link pre- and post-synaptic sites, and play essential roles in promoting synapse formation and maturation, maintaining synapse number and type, accumulating neurotransmitter receptors and ion chan- nels, controlling neuronal differentiation, and even regulating synaptic plasticity directly. Alteration of the interactions of CAMs leads to structural and functional impairments, which results in many neurological disorders, such as autism, Alzheimer＇s disease and schizophrenia. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the functions of CAMs during development and in the mature neural system, as well as in the pathogenesis of some neurological disorders. Here, we review the function of the major classes of CAMs, and how dysfunction of CAMs relates to several neurological disorders.展开更多
KIRREL3(kin of irregular chiasm-like 3)又称Neph2,是一种包含免疫球蛋白结构域的跨膜蛋白,可通过胞内和胞外结构域与多种蛋白质相互作用,选择性地诱导神经元之间的突触形成,参与突触发育、神经元迁移和细胞内信号转导等生物学过程。K...KIRREL3(kin of irregular chiasm-like 3)又称Neph2,是一种包含免疫球蛋白结构域的跨膜蛋白,可通过胞内和胞外结构域与多种蛋白质相互作用,选择性地诱导神经元之间的突触形成,参与突触发育、神经元迁移和细胞内信号转导等生物学过程。KIRREL3基因错义突变和拷贝数变异会减弱突触形成过程中其作为同质细胞识别标签,介导接触识别、黏附和下游突触发生信号的能力。该文系统地综述了KIRREL3的结构和功能,有利于阐明细胞黏附分子介导的突触形成与调节在神经发育和人类疾病中的作用机制,为神经精神疾病的诊断和治疗提供新的思路和理论基础。展开更多
文摘Chemical synapses are asymmetric intercellular junc. tions through which neurons send nerve impulses to communicate with other neurons or excitable cells. The appropriate formation of synapses, both spatially and temporally, is essential for brain function and depends on the intercellular protein-protein interactions of cell adhesion molecules （CAMs） at synaptic clefts. The CAM proteins link pre- and post-synaptic sites, and play essential roles in promoting synapse formation and maturation, maintaining synapse number and type, accumulating neurotransmitter receptors and ion chan- nels, controlling neuronal differentiation, and even regulating synaptic plasticity directly. Alteration of the interactions of CAMs leads to structural and functional impairments, which results in many neurological disorders, such as autism, Alzheimer＇s disease and schizophrenia. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the functions of CAMs during development and in the mature neural system, as well as in the pathogenesis of some neurological disorders. Here, we review the function of the major classes of CAMs, and how dysfunction of CAMs relates to several neurological disorders.
文摘KIRREL3(kin of irregular chiasm-like 3)又称Neph2,是一种包含免疫球蛋白结构域的跨膜蛋白,可通过胞内和胞外结构域与多种蛋白质相互作用,选择性地诱导神经元之间的突触形成,参与突触发育、神经元迁移和细胞内信号转导等生物学过程。KIRREL3基因错义突变和拷贝数变异会减弱突触形成过程中其作为同质细胞识别标签,介导接触识别、黏附和下游突触发生信号的能力。该文系统地综述了KIRREL3的结构和功能,有利于阐明细胞黏附分子介导的突触形成与调节在神经发育和人类疾病中的作用机制,为神经精神疾病的诊断和治疗提供新的思路和理论基础。
