Novel method for random vibration analysis of single-degree-of-freedom vibroimpact systems with bilateral barriers

The vibroimpact systems with bilateral barriers are often encountered in practice.However,the dynamics of the vibroimpact system with bilateral barriers is full of challenges.Few closed-form solutions were obtained.In this paper,we propose a novel method for random vibration analysis of single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)vibroim-pact systems with bilateral barriers under Gaussian white noise excitations.A periodic approximate transformation is employed to convert the equations of the motion to a con-tinuous form.The probabilistic description of the system is subsequently defined through the corresponding Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov(FPK)equation.The closed-form station-ary probability density function(PDF)of the response is obtained by solving the reduced FPK equation and using the proposed iterative method of weighted residue together with the concepts of the circulatory probability flow and the potential probability flow.Finally,the versatility of the proposed approach is demonstrated by its application to two typical examples.Note that the solution obtained by using the proposed method can be used as the benchmark to examine the accuracy of approximate solutions obtained by other methods.

Stationary response of stochastic viscoelastic system with the right unilateral nonzero offset barrier impacts

The stationary response of viscoelastic dynamical system with the right unilateral nonzero offset barrier impacts subjected to stochastic excitations is investigated. First, the viscoelastic force is approximately treated as equivalent terms associated with effects. Then, the free vibro-impact(VI) system is absorbed to describe the periodic motion without impacts and quasi-periodic motion with impacts based upon the level of system energy. The stochastic averaging of energy envelope(SAEE) is adopted to seek the stationary probability density functions(PDFs). The detailed theoretical results for Van der Pol viscoelastic VI system with the right unilateral nonzero offset barrier are solved to demonstrate the important effects of the viscoelastic damping and nonzero rigid barrier impacts condition. Monte Carlo(MC) simulation is also performed to verify the reliability of the suggested approach. The stochastic P-bifurcation caused by certain system parameters is further explored. The variation of elastic modulus from negative to zero and then to positive witnesses the evolution process of stochastic P-bifurcation. From the vicinity of the common value to a wider range, the relaxation time induces the stochastic P-bifurcation in the two interval schemes.

DETERMINATION OF CREEP PROPERTIES OF THERMAL BARRIER COATING(TBC)SYSTEMS FROM THE INDENTATION CREEP TESTING WITH ROUND FLAT INDENTERS

Indentation creep behavior with cylindrical flat indenters on the thermal barrier coating (TBC) was studied by finite element method (FEM). On ike constant applied indentation creep stress, there is a steady creep rate for each case studied for different creep properties of the TBC system. The steady creep depth rate depends on the applied indentation creep stress and size of the indenters as well as the creep properties of the bond coat of the TBC and the substrate. The possibilities to determine the creep properties of a thermal barrier system from indention creep testing were discussed. As an example, with two different size indenters, the creep properties of bond coat of the TBC system can be derived by an inverse FEM method. This study not only provides a numerical method to obtain the creep properties of the TBC system, but also extends the application of indentation creep method with cylindrical flat indenters.

Treatment of Practical Dye Wastewater Using a Double Dielectric Barrier Discharge System Combined with a Sequencing Batch Reactor System

Synthetic dyes are substances that are relatively stable and difficult to degrade in wastewater treatment plants using normal physical,chemical or / and biological treatment. The present work explored the synergistic effect of non-thermal plasma( NTP) and biological wastewater treatment technologies on practical dye wastewater degradation by establishing a double dielectric barrier discharge( DDBD) system combined with a sequencing batch reactor( SBR) system. The biodegradation and degradation efficiency of the DDBD-SBR system was investigated. The investigation results indicated that the DDBD technology was effective in treating the practical dye wastewater as a pre-treatment process. After a 10-min treatment,although the total organic carbon( TOC) removal efficiency was not so significant, the decolouration and the biodegradation were improved greatly. The microbial toxicity test revealed that the sample after degradation became less toxic than the original dye,which demonstrated the treatment had a significant effect on the reduction of toxicity. In addition,the SBR technology remedied the defects of DDBD treatment and improved TOC removal efficiency noticeably. The hybrid DDBD-SBR system made full use of the advantages of the individual technologies and exhibited an efficient capability for practical dye wastewater treatment.

Intestinal barrier: A gentlemen's agreement between microbiota and immunity

Our body is colonized by more than a hundred trillion commensals, represented by viruses, bacteria and fungi. This complex interaction has shown that the microbiome system contributes to the host's adaptation to its environment, providing genes and functionality that give flexibility of diet and modulate the immune system in order not to reject these symbionts. In the intestine,specifically, the microbiota helps developing organ structures, participates of the metabolism of nutrients and induces immunity. Certain components of the microbiota have been shown to trigger inflammatory responses, whereas others, anti-inflammatory responses.The diversity and the composition of the microbiota,thus, play a key role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and explain partially the link between intestinal microbiota changes and gut-related disorders in humans. Tight junction proteins are key molecules for determination of the paracellular permeability. In the context of intestinal inflammatory diseases, the intestinal barrier is compromised, and decreased expression and differential distribution of tight junction proteins is observed. It is still unclear what is the nature of the luminal or mucosal factors that affect the tight junctionproteins function, but the modulation of the immune cells found in the intestinal lamina propria is hypothesized as having a role in this modulation. In this review,we provide an overview of the current understanding of the interaction of the gut microbiota with the immune system in the development and maintenance of the intestinal barrier.

Simulation of the effects of different substrates, temperature,and substrate roughness on the mechanical properties of Al_2O_3 coating as tritium penetration barrier

Residual thermal stress in the system is a serious problem that affects the application of tritium permeation barrier coatings in fusion reactors. The stress not only determines the adhesion between coating and substrate, but also changes the properties of the material. In this study,finite element analysis was used to investigate the relationship between the residual thermal stress and the mechanical properties of Al_2O_3 tritium penetration barrier systems. Moreover, the residual thermal stress influenced by factors such as different substrates, temperature, and substrate roughness was also analyzed. The calculation showed that the hardness and elastic modulus increased with increasing compressive stress. However, the hardness and elastic modulus decreased with increasing tensile stress. The systems composed of Al_2O_3 coatings and different substrates exhibited different trends in mechanical properties. As the temperature increased, the hardness and the elastic modulus increased in an Al_2O_3/316 L stainless steel system; the trend was opposite in an Al_2O_3/Si system.Apart from this, the roughness of the substrate surface in the system could magnify the change in hardness and elastic modulus of the coating. Results showed that all these factors led to variation in the mechanical properties of Al_2O_3 tritium permeation barrier systems. Thus, thedetailed reasons for the changes in mechanical properties of these materials need to be analyzed.

Sequential over-barrier ionization of multi-electron atoms in the tens-to-hundreds keV/u energy range

Our previous work on the classical over-barrier ionization model for helium double ionization is extended to the complex multi-electron system of Ne. The total and q-fold ionization cross sections are calculated at energies ranging from a few tens to several hundred keV/u. The calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the energy dependence of the cross sections suggests that the multi-ionization of a strong perturbated complex atom is probably the sequential over-barrier ionization process.

The application of GPR to barrier-lagoon sedimentation study in Boao of Hainan Island

Sedimentary successions and internal structure of the coastal barrier-lagoon system of Boao, eastern Hainan Island were studied through utilizing data from test holes and trenches and ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) profiles. During late Pleistocene, fluvial and delta plains developed over an unevenly eroded bedrock during low sea level stand, followed by the formation of littoral and lagoon facies and defined coastal barrier-lagoon-estuary system during the post-glacial uppermost Pleistocene-lower Holocene eustatic rise of the sea level, and the upper Holocene high stand. GPR results show that Yudaitan, a sandy coastal bar backed by a low-laying land (shoal) just east of the active lagoon, is a continuous, parallel and slightly-wavy reflectors indicating homogeneous sandy or sandy gravel sediments, and inclined reflectors partly caused by progradation and accumulation of beach sand and gravel. Quasi-continuous, hummocky and chaotic reflectors from the shoal of Nangang village correspond to mixed accumulation of sands and clay. This research indicates the GPR is a non-intrusive, rapid, and economical method for high-resolution profiling of subsurface sediments in sandy gravelly coast.

Physical Essence of the “Predictability Barrier”

Although the "predictability barrier" is a scientific problem brought forward during the middle 1990’s,it has yet to be clearly understood.In this paper,the authors used model results to study the "predictability barrier" of some atmospheric (climatic) systems,including the equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST),East Asia trough (EAT),and South Asia wind field (monsoon).It is shown that the "predictability barrier" appeared not only in predicting the SST in the equatorial Pacific,but also in predicting the atmospheric circulation systems,such as the EAT and the monsoon.The "predictability barrier" for predicting the different climate systems appeared not only in spring,but also in different seasons.It appeared in spring for the equatorial Pacific SST,in summer for the EAT,and in fall and winter for the monsoon.Further analyses showed that the fundamental physical essence of the "predictability barrier" is the seasonal variability characteristics of the atmospheric (climate) system.The "predictability barrier" would occur when the system was at its weakest or worst continuous phase.Furthermore,the models and error patterns also had an important impact on the "predictability barrier";good models and special error patterns can minimize the "predictability barrier".

考虑状态受限和一致性的微电网二次控制

为解决交流微电网下垂控制产生的偏差问题,本文采用二次控制对分布式电源输出电压和频率进行调节.将微电网看成分布式多智能体系统,智能体间通过稀疏网络进行通信,运用多智能体一致性协议,本文提出一种基于障碍Lyapunov函数和自适应模糊系统的二次电压和频率控制器.采用障碍Lyapunov函数设计控制器,不但能保持系统的稳定性,还可使输出的电压和频率限制在预设的范围内.采用自适应模糊系统可对系统中的一些参变量的变化进行估计,提高了控制器的鲁棒性.本文给出了严格的稳定性证明.通过对负载变化,以及拓扑结构改变等的仿真测试,验证了所提方案的有效性.

出口产品质量与技术性贸易壁垒——理论及来自中国的经验证据

将产品质量改进引入基于博弈论的技术性贸易壁垒成因,利用2002—2020年产品层面的数据,从实证层面考察国外技术性贸易壁垒的影响因素,特别分析中国出口产品质量的升级是否会影响国外技术性贸易壁垒决策。研究发现,从总体上来看,中国出口产品质量升级提升了中国遭遇的技术性贸易壁垒,并随着从中国进口额占据总进口额的比重增大这种现象而加剧,可见中国制造的崛起遭到了歧视性的贸易壁垒。该结论在替换被解释变量指标、考虑内生性问题、更换不同占比的样本等条件下依旧稳健。异质性检验发现,中国出口产品质量升级与中国遭遇的技术性贸易壁垒的关系在不同年份、不同国家和不同产品上有差异。为实现中国产品更好走出去的愿景,政策建议如下:一是密切关注主要伙伴国的技术性贸易壁垒;二是构建全方位、多层次的技术性贸易壁垒处理机制;三是推动建立统一、合理的国际标准体系;四是联合其他国家一起对不公平、不合理地设置技术性贸易壁垒的行为进行抗争。

The Revelation of Foreign Disabled People Basic Public Service System to China

Disability is an inevitable phenomenon in the development of human society. Creating a good environment for disabled people is not only an important condition of disabled people to fully participate in social life, but also the performance of the social civilization and progress. This article describes some oftbe specific practices of foreign disabled basic public service system including the legislative level, the level of life care and social welfare, etc. Based on the analysis of China system construction of the disabled people public service, proposing build the government＇s macroeconomic, social middle and personal microcosmic basic public service system for disabled people and advocating shared responsibility, which the government should play a leading role, society do good service, the disabled do self-help.

Interplay between rabies virus and the mammalian immune system

Rabies is a disease caused following infection of the brainby the rabies virus(RABV). The principle mechanism of transmission is through a bite wound. The virus infects peripheral nerves and moves to the central nervous system(CNS). There appears to be little involvement of other organ systems and little detectable immune stimulation prior to infection of the CNS. This failure of the mammalian immune system to respond to rabies virus infection leads, in the overwhelming majority of cases, to death of the host. To some extent, this failure is likely due to the exclusive replication of RABV in neurons and the limited ability to generate, sufficiently rapidly, an anti-viral antibody response in situ. This is reflected in the ability of post-exposure vaccination, when given early after infection, to prevent disease. The lack of immune stimulation during RABV infection preceding neural invasion is the Achilles heel of the immune response. Whilst many viruses infect the brain, causing encephalitis and neuronal deficit, none are as consistently fatal to the host as RABV. This is in part due to prior replication of many viruses in peripheral, non-neural tissue by other viruses that allows timely activation of the immune response before the host is overwhelmed. Our current understanding of the correlates of protection for rabies suggests that it is the action of neutralising antibodies that prevent infection and control spread of RABV. Furthermore, it tells us that the induction of immunity can protect and understanding how and why this happens is critical to controlling infection. However, the paradigm of antibody development suggests that antigen presentation overwhelmingly occurs in lymphoid tissue(germinal and non-germinal centres) and these are external to the CNS. In addition, the blood-brain-barrier may provide a block to the delivery of immune effectors(antibodies/plasma B-cells) entering where they are needed. Alternatively, there may be insufficient antigen exposure after natural infection to mount an effective response or the virus actively suppresses immune function. To improve our ability to treat this fatal infection it is imperative to understand how immunity to RABV develops and functions so that parameters of protectionare better defined.

网络攻击下考虑状态受限的微电网安全运行与控制

攻击、干扰、不确定性通常存在于微电网中危害系统的安全运行.为了解决此问题,设计了一种带攻击补偿的电压控制器,以减小或抵消攻击对系统稳定性的影响.设计攻击观测器对微电网中受到的攻击进行观测;利用多智能体一致性协议,考虑全状态约束问题,采用正切型障碍Lyapunov函数约束所设计的状态量,使系统状态约束在预设范围内,并实现无功功率分配.采用自适应模糊系统对系统中一些参变量的变化进行估计,提高控制器的自适应能力.仿真验证了控制器的有效性.

Microdialysis in awake macaque monkeys for central nervous system pharmacokinetics

Background: The brain bioavailability of novel small molecules developed to address central nervous system disease is classically documented through ex vivo or in vivo analyses conducted in rodent models. Data acquired in rodent models are, however,not easily transferrable to human as the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics profiles of the species are quite different.Methods: Using drugs selected for their differential transport across the blood-brain barrier, we here demonstrate the feasibility of brain microdialysis in normal vigil macaque monkey by measuring brain extracellular fluid bioavailability of carbamazepine, digoxin, oxycodone, and quinidine.Results: All drugs, but digoxin, were found in dialysate samples. Drugs that are substrate of P-glycoprotein show a difference of bioavailability or brain pharmacokinetic parameters between rodents and primates.Conclusion: Data suggest that brain microdialysis in vigil macaque monkey, the species of choice for classic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics studies could help predicting human brain bioavailability of a small molecule depending on the protein involved in the efflux transport from the brain.

不确定电液伺服系统的时变输出约束自适应滤波控制

针对电液伺服系统位置跟踪控制中存在的输出约束和不确定性问题,提出一种基于正切型时变障碍Lyapunov函数的输出约束自适应滤波控制方法。构造具有时变约束边界的正切型时变障碍Lyapunov函数,通过时变边界函数的参数设置,使系统输出具有较好的瞬态和稳态性能;设计径向基函数(RBF)神经网络及权重自适应学习律,在线逼近由模型不确定性和未知干扰组成的复合干扰,并将逼近值用于反馈控制;采用二阶指令滤波反步法设计状态反馈控制律和误差补偿机制,避免反步设计中“计算爆炸”的问题,同时消除滤波误差,提高系统位置跟踪精度;依据Lyapunov稳定性理论证明闭环系统中所有误差信号的收敛性。仿真结果表明:系统的稳态误差在所提方法下约为3.48×10^(-8)m,相比于其他控制方法,跟踪误差始终约束在时变的约束边界内,跟踪精度和控制性能均得到提升。

内源性大麻素系统对皮脂腺功能的调控作用研究进展

皮脂腺(sebaceous glands)的基本生理功能是产生皮脂以滋润皮肤和毛发,加强皮肤的屏障功能,控制皮肤表面微生物的生长,并参与调节皮肤炎症和免疫应答。皮脂腺的功能失调在痤疮、脂溢性皮炎、特应性皮炎等常见皮肤病的发病机制中起着重要作用。内源性大麻素系统(endocannabinoid system)是一种复杂的稳态调控信号网络,由内源性大麻素、大麻素受体、以及参与内源性大麻素转运、合成和降解的酶组成。近年的研究发现内源性大麻素系统的各组分在皮脂腺中都有表达,并且参与皮脂腺功能的调控,表明其在皮脂腺功能障碍相关皮肤病防治中具有潜在应用前景。本文就内源性大麻素系统对皮脂腺功能的调控作用研究进展进行综述。

采样控制下的Markov跳变系统稳定性与安全性分析

研究针对连续Markov跳变系统的稳定性和安全性问题通过状态采样控制器保证了其稳定性和安全性。首先,与通常只考虑Markov系统的稳定性不同的是,系统的安全性问题也被考虑了。其次,系统的安全性通过引入控制障碍函数的方法得到解决。因此,系统分析及计算变得极其复杂。最后,通过设计采样控制器保证了系统的稳定性和安全性,并提供了一个有效的数值例子验证了提出方法的有效性。

城市群城市韧性水平测度及障碍因子识别

城市群是城市发展较高层次的空间组成形式,其城市韧性的提升对建设韧性城市、促进城市群持续健康发展具有重要意义。为全面测度城市群城市韧性水平并识别其障碍因子,构建了城市群城市韧性评价指标体系,采用熵值法和BP神经网络模型对关中平原城市群2011—2020年各城市分系统韧性和复合系统进行分析,进一步使用障碍度模型对影响关中平原城市群城市韧性的障碍因子进行识别。研究发现,关中平原城市群城市韧性位于中等韧性水平,但总体呈上升趋势,其空间分布格局呈现出“东西低,中间高”的倒V形。具体而言,经济系统韧性以较低韧性水平和中等韧性水平为主,社会系统韧性以中等韧性水平和较高韧性水平为主,生态系统韧性以较高韧性水平为主,而基础设施系统韧性则主要分布在较低至较高韧性水平之间;建成区绿化覆盖率和全社会用电量因子是影响关中平原城市群城市韧性提升的主要障碍因子;从分系统来看,社会系统始终是影响关中平原城市群城市韧性提升的关键系统。研究表明,城市群应进一步加强城市之间的合作,共享信息资源,提高人们生活水平,加大城市基础设施建设力度,不断促进城市群协调发展。

新形势下森林防灭火工作面临的新挑战与对策探析——以浙江省青田县为例

青田县目前共有森林消防队伍44支,配备了15辆防火专用大型车和27辆防火专用小型车,还配置有短波、超短波、微波通信设备139个,卫星通信系统设备312个,大型机动灭火装备37台,已建立了监督问责机制,布设了61套高位预警监控视频系统,形成了全社会共同参与的森林防火宣教与普及格局。但森林防灭火工作仍面临新的挑战,诸如防火环境复杂性增加,林火阻隔体系和以水灭火设施尚不完善等,藉此,提出建立健全适应气候变化的森林防火预警体系,强化林区管理与人为活动监管,降低火灾风险,优化森林植被结构,完善森林防火基础信息系统化、数字化融合等策略,以提高青田县森林防灭火能力。