Vertical handoff algorithm in heterogeneous networks to maximize system benefit

A new vertical handoff decision algorithm is proposed to maximize the system benefit in heterogeneous wireless networks which comprise cellular networks and wireless local area networks （WLANs）. Firstly the block probability, the drop probability and the number of users in the heterogeneous networks are calculated in the channel-guard call admission method, and a function of the system benefit which is based on the new call arrival rate and the handoff call arrival rate is proposed. Then the optimal radius of WLAN is obtained by using simulation annealing （SA） method to maximize the benefit. All the nodes should handoff from cellular network to WLAN if they enter WLAN＇s scope and handoff from WLAN to cellular network if they leave the scope. Finally, the algorithm in different new call arrival rates and handoff call arrival rates is analyzed and results show that it can achieve good effects.

Evaluation on Regional Ecological Benefits of Windbreak Systems

This paper studied how dynamically to evaluate regional ecological benefits of windbreak systems in a county scale. Data of air temperature. humidity. wind speed, crop yield and forest cover percentage were investigated and collected in some of counties of Heilongjiang Province, where windbreak systems were established in the last thirty years. Through analysis, an evaluation index system estimating regional ecological benetits of windbreak systems was set up, which consists of both a vegetation index system and a climate index systeln. The former includes a forest cover percentage index and a crop yield index; the later does three variable indexes of wind speed, air temperature and humidity. An integrated regional ecological benefit index.was developed through combinations of some coined evaluation indexes from the evaluation system.And to take Zhaozhou County and Anda County as a case study, the regional ecological benetits since establishment of windbreak systems of the two counties were evaluated dynamically using the integrated index.

Ecosystem Health and Comprehensive Ecological Benefit Assessment of an Artificial Wetland in Western Jilin Province

[Objective] This research aimed to assess the state of ecosystem health and comprehensive ecological benefit of an artificial wetland in western Jilin Province. [Method] To investigate the effects of reclaimed water from Yingtai Oil Production Plant on the wetland ecosystem, a comprehensive ecological assessment index of an artificial wetland in the west of Jilin Province was established to measure the ecological economic and social benefits. The quantitative evaluation on the ecosystem health and comprehensive ecological benefit of the artificial wetland were carried out from 2003 to 2010 and were measured by means of the square difference method. [Result] After eight years of irrigation by reclaimed water, the levels of ecosystem health and benefit of the artificial wetland improved from Grade IV to Grade II, and the ecological environment, economic and social development of the wetland tended to improve. [Conclusion] The results indicated that the use of reclaimed water for irrigation of wetland ecosystems was a suitable way to control drought in arid and semi-arid regions.

Exploring the Benefits of an Agile Information System

Information Systems (IS) agility is a current topic of interest in the IS industry. The study follows up on work on the definition of the construct of IS agility and attributes for sensing, diagnosis, and selection and execution in an agile IS. IS agility is defined as the ability of an IS to sense a change in real time;diagnose it in real time;and select and execute a response in real time. Architecting an agile IS is a complex and resource-intensive task, and hence examination of its benefits is highly desired and appropriate. This paper examines the benefits of an Agile Information System. Benefits of an agile IS were derived from related academic literature and then refined using practitioner literature and qualitative data. The benefits considered were the first order or direct benefits. These benefits were then empirically validated through a survey of IT practitioners. The results of the survey were analyzed and a rank order of the benefits was arrived at. An exploratory factor analysis was also done to find the common dimensions underlying the benefits. It is suggested that organizations can use the empirically validated benefits from this study to justify and jump-start their capital and labor expenditure to build agility into their Information System.

Implementing an Information System Strategy: A Cost, Benefit, and Risk Analysis Framework for Evaluating Viable IT Alternatives in the US Federal Government

In the US Federal government, an analysis of alternatives (AoA) is required for a significant investment of resources. The AoA yields the recommended alternative from a set of viable alternatives for the investment decision. This paper presents an integrated AoA and project management framework for analyzing new or emerging alternatives (e.g., Cloud computing), as may be driven by an information system strategy that incorporates a methodology for analyzing the costs, benefits, and risks of each viable alternative. The case study in this paper, about a business improvement project to provide public health and safety services to citizens in a US Federal agency, is a practical application of this integrated framework and reveals the benefits of this integrated approach for an investment decision. The decision making process in the framework—as an integrated, organized, and adaptable set of management and control practices—offers a defensible recommendation and provides accountability to stakeholders.

A study on the measurement for forest ecological benefit

The indexes of dependent variables of the measurement on the forest ecological benefits were defined according to the analysis of the multiple ecological benefits of forest. This indexes system includes waterreserving, soil and water conservation, wind and sand suppression, microclimate improvement, carbon dioxide assimilation, atmosphere purification, flood and drought mitigation, tourism resource and wild creature protection benefits. The main factors from the numerous factors that affect dependent variables were chosen as independent variables. At last, a multivariate linear model was established for measurement of forest ecological benefit. With this multivariate linear model the forest ecological benefit of China was calculated. The forest ecological benefit of China is 723816 million yuan per year, which equals to 23.07% of the gross domestic product of China.

Solar Hot System and Design of Buildings

Domestic solar hot water system, the use of the status quo and existing problems, by analyzing the solar water heating equipment and building integrated and building integrated design.

Benefit Evaluation on Land Comprehensive Consolidation in the Small Towns——A Case of Daxing District,Beijing,China

Taking Daxing District,Beijing,China as a example,benefit evaluation index system of small-town land comprehensive consolidation isestablished from four aspects of resource benefit,economic benefit,social benefit and ecological benefit.Weight of evaluation index is determinedby analytic hierarchy process.After the standardized treatment on the original value index,comprehensive index method is adopted to evaluate theland comprehensive consolidation benefits in 14 towns of Daxing District in the year 2005,combining with the index weight determined by analytic hi-erarchy process.Evaluation result shows that areas having significant effects are Yizhuang Town,Xihongmen Town,Yinghai Town,and JiugongTown,which are concentrated in rural-urban continuum with significant location advantages and good economic and infrastructure status.Areashaving good effects are Changziying Town,Huangcun Town,Panggezhuang Town,Beizangcun Town,and Yufa Town,which are located alongYongding River,with abundant farmland resources and good ecological environment.Areas having general effects are Weishan Town,QingyundianTown,and Anding Town,with insignificant location advantages.Areas with no significant effects are Lixian Town and Caiyu Town,with relativelypoor location,resource,and economic development status.

论注册资本认缴制的兴利除弊:兼论期限利益与交易安全的动态平衡

肇端于2005年《公司法》的注册资本认缴制改革具有正当性与合理性。认缴制的核心是创设了股东延期实缴出资的期限利益,尊重与保护期限利益是一般原则,出资义务加速到期是例外规则。股东期限利益的得丧变更均不妨碍股权的自由转让。认缴制未根本否定资本制度,一旦公司丧失偿债能力,期限利益立即终止,出资义务加速到来。公司不能清偿到期债务的识别标准是执行失败主义,出资加速到期不以股东或公司存在主观过错为要件。有必要建立股东加速出资信息公示制度与敦促债权人及时申报债权的公示催告程序,以确保债权人平等保护。不少判例追究股东恶意转让未实缴出资股权时对公司债权人的赔偿责任,建议以2023年新修订的《中华人民共和国公司法》为基础,完善平衡对冲制度,兼顾公司资本信用与股权流转自由,细化股权转让链条中出资义务加速到期的责任在前后手之间的配置规则。信息披露、5年最长实缴出资期限与出资加速到期连带之债的良性互动,有助于遏制注册资本认缴制的道德风险外溢。

Effects of Cropping System Change for Paddy Field with Double Harvest Rice on the Crops Growth and Soil Nutrient

The effects of the cropping system change for paddy field with double harvest rice on crops growth and soil nutrient in red soil were studied. The results indicated that the economic benefit and the ratio of the output to input were all increased in terms of the market price for the crops under various treatments. The greatest economic benefit was obtained in the treatment of paddy-upland rotation, and the corresponding economic benefit was increased by 34.7, 21.4, and 2.2% in comparison with that of control （rice-rice-astragali）, pasture, and upland cropping treatments. The economic benefits in pasture and upland cultivation treatments were increased by I 1.0 and 31.8%, respectively, when compared with that of the control treatment （CK）. The ratio of output to input in pasture, paddy-upland rotation, and upland cropping treatments was enhanced by 0.9, 0.6, and 0.3, respectively, in comparison with that of control. To grow pasture is beneficial for improving soil fertility since the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus are all enhanced significantly. However, the concentrations of the soil available nitrogen, the total potassium, the available potassium were somewhat reduced in all the treatments, suggesting that increasing the input of nitrogen, particularly potassium, was necessary under the present fertilization level. Based on the conditions of fertility, climate, cultivation, and management of paddy field with double harvest rice in red soil regions, it is feasible to alter the cultivation system of paddy field with bad irrigation condition. In particular, cultivation systems such as pasture and paddy-upland rotation can be selected to extend because better economic benefit and improvement of soil fertility in the purpose region were obtained.

Research on the Transfer Benefit of Railway Investment Projects

Though an additional railway investment will result in very complex uifluenceon the whole economic-socinl system, an assessing system comes to be set up inthis thesis. It not only shows the seope and direction of the assessment ofrailway investment projects, but indicates a new assessment theory coming intobeins. lii view of the transfer benefit of railway investinent projects being themain part of their external benefit for our national economy, we paid specialattention to calculating the transfer benefit. Finally, a series of matheniaticalmodels throush which we can accurately figure out the transfer benefit of arailway investment project are presented.

南水北调东线一期工程受水区生态环境效益演变

研究南水北调东线一期工程通水以来受水区生态环境效益的演变态势,对南水北调后续工程高质量建设、加快构建国家水网以及促进工程综合效益发挥有决策参考作用。以定性定量相结合的方式分析东线一期工程在优化水资源配置、保障饮水安全、复苏河湖生态环境和畅通南北经济循环等方面的作用,进而结合层次分析法,从直接效益和间接效益2个方面,筛选构建东线一期工程受水区生态环境效益评价指标体系,主要包括工程年供水量、水质改善度、生态补水量、地下水压采量、地下水水位、水域面积、绿地面积和涵养水源等,并采用VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje(VIKOR)多准则妥协解排序方法对南水北调东线一期工程通水以来即2013-2022年受水区生态环境效益演变态势进行分析。结果表明:南水北调东线一期工程通水的10年以来,受水区的生态环境整体复苏效果明显,近3年排序值保持在0.8以上;受降水偏枯进而影响地下水开采量和地下水水位等因素影响,2019年间接生态环境效益下降29.2%,之后迅速恢复并保持稳定。在分析直接效益和间接效益演变的基础上,从工程提质增效、提高工程水质状况以及完善体制机制建设等方面提出东线一期工程进一步促进受水区生态环境持续改善的策略和建议,以期为东线工程及受水区生态环境保护及高质量发展相关研究、决策制定等提供参考。

Evaluation on Comprehensive Benefit of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China

According to the problem of seriously degraded natural forest in Southwest China prior to the implementation of Natural Forest Protection Project, under the guidance of principle of practicality and systematicness, we establish the comprehensive-benefit evaluation index system of restoring the degraded natural forest in Southwest China, including 3 second-level indices, 12 third-level indices and 24 fourth-level indices. In addition, we use the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process to conduct comprehensive-benefit evaluation on implementation of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China. The results show that since ten years of implementation of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China, it has gained considerable comprehensive benefit. The comprehensive evaluation index of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is 83.08; the ecological benefit index of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is 56.75; the economic benefit index of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is 19.05; the social benefit index of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is 7.28. The effect of construction of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is good. The evaluation index system and research results in this paper will provide the empirical guidance for comprehensive-benefit evaluation of Natural Forest Protection Project in China, and especially in Southwest China.

New Attempt for Building Rural Water Environment Management System Based on the Investigation and Analysis of Water Environment in Xianxia Town, Yudu County

Water environment is a part of ecological environment, and conservation of water environment has always been a focus of public attention in China, but water environment management in the vast countryside has been stuck in bottleneck. Based on the fi eld investigation in Xianxia Town, Yudu County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, this paper explored the current situation of local water environment and the management diffi culties, then introduced the holistic view to integrate the linkage of government, market and society, proposed the universality of the individual case, and the new attempt centering on urban-rural integrated water environment management system with public participation mechanism, management subjects' benefit balance and coordination system, marketing operation mechanism and economic incentive mechanism as the extension.

城镇职工基本医疗保险制度改革受益归宿分析

我国于2021年4月发布了关于城镇职工基本医疗保险制度改革的指导意见。为了探究此次改革的具体受益情况,在赋予城镇职工基本医疗保险的个人账户资金私人属性的基础上,采用模拟分析的方法,对不同收入阶层、参保群体在改革前后的自费负担和自费负担变化幅度进行测算。研究表明:城镇职工基本医疗保险制度改革增加了患病参保群体的受益程度,减轻了自费负担;在不同报销金额、起付线和报销比例的条件下,收入越低的参保群体,其受益增加程度越大;同一假设条件下的在职职工与退休人员,后者在改革中的受益略高于前者。基于结论提出完善城镇职工基本医疗保险缴费、报销环节设计、进一步扩大个账使用范围以及简化家庭共济流程等相关建议。

ECOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE EFFECTS OF WINDBREAK SYSTEMS IN DESERT ZONE OF WESTERN CHINA

This paper, by applying the theories of landscape ecology, illustrates the role and mechanism of windbreak system in the establishment and maintenance of oasis ecosystem on the basis of systematic analysis of characteristics and ecological crises of China's desert, and especially of desert zone in western China. Furthermore, direct economic benefits are summarized.

CCUS-EOR项目经济系统评价方法及其应用

CCUS-EOR是碳捕集利用与封存体系中专用于强化采油或提高采收率的技术,是社会和企业实现“双碳”目标的重要技术途径。CCUS-EOR项目投资大、风险高,经济效益和社会效益显著,开展科学评价工作尤为重要。结合工作实践,梳理了CCUS-EOR项目经济评价的方法和流程,并对精细分析增量成本、多层次多角度评价项目效益、评价碳减排指标、评估社会效益以及全产业链经济效益评价等关键指标开展了深入的分析和总结,创造性地提出了一些指标和观点,探索形成了聚焦CCUS项目全产业链要素的CCUS-EOR项目经济系统评价方法体系。研究成果为此类项目科学决策提供了技术支持。

全成本预算绩效管理的改革实践与未来展望

全成本预算绩效管理通过打开成本的“黑箱”,进一步增强了成本与产出之间的实质联系,是避免预算绩效管理流于形式的关键所在。本文针对预算管理实践中存在的成本核定不准确、预算投入不合理等问题,从理论机制和实践应用两个方面入手,深入剖析了全成本预算绩效管理区别于传统预算绩效管理的主要特征与关键优势。面对成本界定、成本分摊与成本效益信息运用中的诸多挑战,本文提出在考虑成本生成主体的基础之上,构建基于不同主体的成本核算机制,统一成本分摊标准,审慎考虑成本效益分析的实施项目与运用程度,实行绩效奖励与收入分成机制。本文希望为进一步深化预算绩效管理改革提供有效抓手。

吐哈油田开发效益评价体系建立与应用

随着中国石油集团提质增效活动深入开展,效益评价工作在促进油田高质量发展方面的支撑作用愈加突出。吐哈油田践行油藏管理向油藏经营管理转变的理念,建立了油田开发效益综合评价技术体系。该体系以“业财融合”平台为支撑,以油气田开发效益综合评价为主线,以产能建设、增产措施和提高采收率效益专项评价为辅助,通过精细成本归集、精细产品类别、精细生产活动、精细评价技术,对油田主要生产活动实现全覆盖、全评价。采用收入成本对比评价方法,可完成公司、采油管理区、油气田、区块和单井5个级别的效益评价分类,以及所有增产措施、产能建设新井和提高采收率项目的效益评价。通过分析影响效益的成本因素,详细评价主要生产活动的效益贡献,找出影响整体效益的主要因素和存在问题,从而为油田公司宏观决策提供技术支持,为生产单位改善经营效益提供具体指导。

基于熵权TOPSIS和耦合协调模型的四川省土地利用效益耦合协调关系及时空演变特征

[目的]从社会、经济、生态环境3个方面评价区域土地利用效益及其耦合关系有利于实现土地资源的合理配置及优化用地结构。[方法]以四川省21个地市州为研究对象,利用熵权TOPSIS法和耦合协调度模型,构建了2010—2020年四川省土地利用效益的综合评价体系,并基于GIS技术,分析了土地利用的社会、经济、生态环境效益及其耦合协调关系的时空演变特征。[结果](1)四川省各地市州的土地利用综合效益整体上呈上升趋势,空间上具有“西北高东南低”的空间格局;土地利用的经济、生态环境效益整体上具有上升趋势,分别表现为“西高东低”和“中东部高西部低”的空间格局;土地利用社会效益整体上呈下降趋势,具有“中部高两翼低”的空间格局;三大效益在空间均具有较显著的聚集特征。(2)四川省各地市州的土地利用耦合协调等级为4个,总体协调水平不高,以勉强协调为主,其次是濒临失调,具有“中间高两翼低”的空间格局,且耦合等级相同的城市聚集度较高,土地利用效益耦合协调等级在空间分布上需进一步改善。(3)影响四川省地利用效益大小的因子依次为社会>经济>社会经济>社会生态>生态环境效益系统;土地利用效益耦合协调关系主要受社会、经济效益单一因子影响,其次是社会经济复合因素,最后是社会生态复合因素的影响。[结论]四川省各地市州的土地利用综合效益整体上呈上升趋势,区域差异显著,总体的耦合协调水平处于较低等级,且耦合等级相同的城市聚集度较高,在今后的发展中应该调控城镇化的无序扩张,注重城市基础公共服务等设施的建设,增加城市环境建设投入,促进四川省土地经济效益-社会效益-生态环境效益间的协调发展,以期为提升四川省土地利用综合效益提供参考。