Dynamical Behaviors of a Modified Leslie-Gower Predator-Prey System with Fear Effect and Prey Refuge

In this paper, the dynamical behaviors of a modified Leslie-Gower predator-prey model incorporating fear effect and prey refuge are investigated. We delve into the construction of the model and its biological significance, with preliminary results encompassing positivity, boundedness, and persistence. The stability of the system’s boundary and positive equilibrium points is proven by calculating the real part of the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix. At the positive equilibrium point, we demonstrate that the system’s unique positive equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable by using the Dulac criterion. Furthermore, at this equilibrium point, we employ the Implicit Function Theorem to discuss how fear effects and prey refuges influence the population densities of both prey and predators. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to validate the above-mentioned conclusions and explored the impact of Predator-taxis sensitivity αon dynamics of the system.

PERSISTENCE AND THE GLOBAL DYNAMICS OF THE POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR A RATIODEPENDENT PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM WITH A CROWDING TERM IN THE PREY EQUATION

This paper deals with the global dynamical behaviors of the positive solutions for a parabolic type ratio-dependent predator-prey system with a crowding term in the prey equation, where it is assumed that the coefficient of the functional response is less than the coefficient of the intrinsic growth rates of the prey species. We demonstrated some special dynamical behaviors of the positive solutions of this system which the persistence of the coexistence of two species can be obtained when the crowding region in the prey equation only is designed suitably. Furthermore, we can obtain that under some conditions, the unique positive steady state solution of the system is globally asymptotically stable.

The Stability of Holling Type IV Predator-Prey System with and without Delay

The present paper is concerned with the Holling type IV predator-prey system with diffusion.By analyzing the characteristic equation associated with the positive equilibrium,the conditions for the asymptotic stability of the positive equilibrium is obtained.For the system without delay,it has been shown that the positive equilibrium is stable in certain region of the parameter plane.However,the introducing of the delay can lead to the loss of the stability.We find that in the region where the positive equilibrium is stable for the system without delay,there exists a critical value of the delay and the positive equilibrium is stable when the delay is less than this critical value and becomes unstable when the delay is greater than it.

The Dynamical Behavior of a Predator-Prey System with Holling Type II Functional Response and Allee Effect

In this paper, we mainly considered the dynamical behavior of a predator-prey system with Holling type II functional response and Allee-like effect on predator, including stability analysis of equilibria and Hopf bifurcation. Firstly, we gave some sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence, the local and global stability of equilibria as well as non-existence of limit cycles. By using the cobweb model, some cases about the existence of interior equilibrium are also illustrated with numerical outcomes. These existence and stability conclusions of interior equilibrium are also suitable in corresponding homogeneous reaction-diffusion system subject to the Neumann boundary conditions. Secondly, we theoretically deduced that our system has saddle-node bifurcation, transcritical bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation under certain conditions. Finally, for the Hopf bifurcation, we choose d as the bifurcation parameter and presented some numerical simulations to verify feasibility and effectiveness of the theoretical derivation corresponding to the existence of yk, respectively. The Hopf bifurcations are supercritical and limit cycles generated by the critical points are stable.

A Review of the Mathematical Models for the Impact of Seasonal Weather Variation and Infections on Prey Predator Interactions in Serengeti Ecosystem

Interaction between prey and predator species is a complex and non-linear process. Understanding various phenomena in the dynamics of prey-predator systems is vital to both mathematical ecology and conservation biology. Mathematical models on prey-predator systems have been the hot sport providing important information regarding the interactions of prey and predator species in various ecosystems. In this paper, a review of the available mathematical models on prey-predator systems was done. Our aim was to assess their structure, behaviour, available control strategies, population involved and their ability in predicting the future behaviour of the ecosystems. We observed diversities in the reviewed mathematical models, some model incorporated factors such as drought, harvesting and prey refuge as the factors that affect ecosystems, some ignored the contribution of environmental variations while others considered the variable carrying capacity. Most of the models reviewed have not considered the contribution of diseases and seasonal weather variation in the dynamics of prey predator systems. Some of the reviewed models do not match the real situation in most modelled ecosystems. Thus, to avoid unreliable results, this review reveals the need to incorporate seasonal weather variations and diseases in the dynamics of prey predator systems of Serengeti ecosystem.

Hopf Bifurcation of Delayed Predator-prey System with Reserve Area for Prey and in the Presence of Toxicity

A kind of three species delayed predator-prey system with reserve area for prey and in the presence of toxicity is proposed in this paper. Local stability of the coexistence equilibrium of the system and the existence of a Hopf bifurcation is established by choosing the time delay as the bifurcation parameter. Explicit formulas to determine the direction and stability of the Hopf bifurcation are obtained by means of the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem. Finally, we give a numerical example to illustrate the obtained results.

Existence of Positive Periodic Solutions for the Predator-Prey Difference System with Beddington-DeAngelis Functional Response and Time Delays

A nonautonomous predator-prey difference model with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response, diffusion, and time delays is investigated. The model consists of n competing preys and one predator, and the predator and one prey are confined to one patch. First, eon^pts and results concerning the continuation theorem of coincidence degree are summarized. Then, a system of algebraic equations is proved to have a unique solution. Finally, the sufficient conditions for the existence of a difference system are established. The result is substantiated through numerical simulation.

G-Contractive Sequential Composite Mapping Theorem in Banach or Probabilistic Banach Space and Application to Prey-Predator System and A &H Stock Prices

Theorems of iteration g-contractive sequential composite mapping and periodic mapping in Banach or probabilistic Bannach space are proved, which allow some contraction ratios of the sequence of mapping might be larger than or equal to 1, and are more general than the Banach contraction mapping theorem. Application to the proof of existence of solutions of cycling coupled nonlinear differential equations arising from prey-predator system and A&H stock prices are given.

The Global Stability of Predator-Prey System of Gause-Type with Holling Ⅲ Functional Response

This paper deals with the questio n of global stability of the positive locally asymptotically stable equilibrium in a class of predator\|prey system of Gause\|typ e with Holling Ⅲ functional response. The Dulac's criterion is applied and lia punov functions are constructed to establish the global stability.

A CONDITION OF THE EXISTENCE OF STABLE POSITIVE STEADY-STATE SOLUTIONS FOR A ONE PREDATOR TWO PREY SYSTEM

One predator two prey system is a research topic which has both the theoretical and practical values. This paper provides a natural condition of the existence of stable positive steady-state solutions for the one predator two prey system. Under this condition we study the existence of the positive steady-state solutions at vicinity of the triple eigenvalue by implicit function theorem, discuss the positive stable solution problem bifurcated from the semi-trivial solutions containing two positive components with the help of bifurcation and perturbation methods.

POSITIVE STEADY STATES AND DYNAMICS FOR A DIFFUSIVE PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM WITH A DEGENERACY

In this article, we consider positive steady state solutions and dynamics for a spatially heterogeneous predator-prey system with modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-Type II schemes. The heterogeneity here is created by the degeneracy of the intra-specific pressures for the prey. By the bifurcation method, the degree theory, and a priori estimates, we discuss the existence and multiplicity of positive steady states. Moreover, by the comparison argument, we also discuss the dynamical behavior for the diffusive predator-prey system.

Stability Analysis and Hopf Bifurcation for ODE System of Predator-Prey Model with Mutual Interference

In this paper, the temporal and spatial patterns of a diffusive predator-prey model with mutual interference under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions were studied. Specifically, first, taking the intrinsic growth rate of the predator as the parameter, we give a computational and theoretical analysis of Hopf bifurcation on the positive equilibrium for the ODE system. As well, we have discussed the conditions for determining the bifurcation direction and the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions.

Permanence and periodic solutions of delayed predator-prey system with impulse

The existence of positive periodic solution of a generalized semi-ratio-dependent predator-prey system with time delay and impulse is studied by using the continuation theorem based on the coincidence degree theory. The permanence of the system is also considered. The results partially improve and extend some known criteria.

The Dynamical Behavior of a Certain Predator-Prey System with Holling Type II Functional Response

In this paper we analytically and numerically consider the dynamical behavior of a certain predator-prey system with Holling type II functional response, including local and global stability analysis, existence of limit cycles, transcritical and Hopf bifurcations. Mathematical theory derivation mainly focuses on the existence and stability of equilibrium point as well as threshold conditions for transcritical and Hopf bifurcation, which can in turn provide a theoretical support for numerical simulation. Numerical analysis indicates that theoretical derivation results are correct and feasible. In addition, it is successful to show that the dynamical behavior of this predator-prey system mainly depends on some critical parameters and mathematical relationships. All these results are expected to be meaningful in the study of the dynamic complexity of predatory ecosystem.

PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM WITH STAGE STRUCTURE AND DELAY

A system of retarded functional differential equations is proposed as a predator-prey model with stage structure in the prey.The invariance of non-negativity,nature of boundary equilibria and global stability are analyzed.It is shown that in this model the time delay can make a stable equilibrium become unstable and even a switching of stabilities.

Optimal Control of a Threatened Wildebeest-Lion Prey-Predator System in the Serengeti Ecosystem

We develop a two-species prey-predator model in which prey is wildebeest and predator is lion. The threats to wildebeest are poaching and drought while to lion are retaliatory killing and drought. The system is found in the Serengeti ecosystem. Optimal control theory is applied to investigate optimal strategies for controlling the threats in the system where anti-poaching patrols are used for poaching, construction of strong bomas for retaliatory killing and construction of dams for drought control. The possible impact of using a combination of the three controls either one at a time or two at a time on the threats facing the system is also examined. We observe that the best result is achieved by using all controls at the same time, where a combined approach in tackling threats to yield optimal results is a good approach in the management of wildlife populations.

Persistence in Non-Autonomous Lotka-Volterra System with Predator-Prey Ratio-Dependence and Density Dependence

The main purpose of this article is considering the persistence non-autonomous Lotka-Volterra system with predator-prey ratio-dependence and density dependence. We get the sufficient conditions of persistence of system, further have the necessary conditions, also the uniform persistence condition, which can be easily checked for the model is obtained.

Stability and Bifurcation of a Prey-Predator System with Additional Food and Two Discrete Delays

In this paper,the impact of additional food and two discrete delays on the dynamics of a prey-predator model is investigated.The interaction between prey and predator is considered as Holling Type-II functional response.The additional food is provided to the predator to reduce its dependency on the prey.One delay is the gestation delay in predator while the other delay is the delay in supplying the additional food to predators.The positivity,boundedness and persistence of the solutions of the system are studied to show the system as biologically well-behaved.The existence of steady states,their local and global asymptotic behavior for the non-delayed system are investigated.It is shown that(i)predator’s dependency factor on additional food induces a periodic solution in the system,and(ii)the two delays considered in the system are capable to change the status of the stability behavior of the system.The existence of periodic solutions via Hopf-bifurcation is shown with respect to both the delays.Our analysis shows that both delay parameters play an important role in governing the dynamics of the system.The direction and stability of Hopf-bifurcation are also investigated through the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem.Numerical experiments are also conducted to validate the theoretical results.

Bifurcation Analysis of a Stage-Structured Prey-Predator System with Discrete and Continuous Delays

A three-stage-structured prey-predator model with discrete and continuous time delays is studied. The characteristic equations and the stability of the boundary and positive equilibrium are analyzed. The conditions for the positive equilibrium occurring Hopf bifurcation are given, by applying the theorem of Hopf bifurcation. Finally, numerical simulation and brief conclusion are given.

Bifurcation and Limit Cycle of a Ratio-dependent Predator-prey, System with Refuge on Prey

Influences of prey refuge on the dynamics of a predator-prey model with ratio-dependent functional response are investigated. The local and global stability of positive equilibrium of the system are considered. Theoretical analysis indicates that constant refuge leads to the system undergo supercritical Hopf bifurcation twice with the birth rate of prey species changing continuously.