Comparison of different lymph node staging systems in prognosis of gastric cancer:a bi-institutional study from Hungary

Objective： The Union for International Cancer Control （UICC） Node （N） classification is the most common used staging method for the prognosis of gastric cancer. It demands adequate, at least 16 lymph nodes （LNs） to be dissected; therefore different staging systems were invented. Methods： Between March 2005 and March 2010, 164 patients were evaluated at the Department of General Surgery in the Ken^zy Gyula Hospital and at the Department of General, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery in the Kaposi M6r Hospital. The 6th, 7th and 8th UICC N-staging systems, the number of examined LNs, the number of harvested negative LNs, the metastatic lymph node ratio （MLR） and the log odds of positive LNs （LODDS） were determined to measure their 5-year survival rates and to compare them to each other. Results： The overall 5year survival rate for all patients was 55.5% with a median overall survival time of 102 months. The tumor stage, gender, UICC N-stages, MLR and the LODDS were significant prognostic factors for the 5-year survival with univariate analysis. The 6th UICC N-stage did not follow the adequate risk in comparing N2 vs. NO and N3 vs. NO with multivariate investigation. Comparison of performances of the residual N classifications proved that the LODDS system was first in the prediction of prognosis during the evaluation of all patients and in cases with less than 16 harvested LNs. The MLR gave the best prognostic prediction when adequate （more than or equal to 16） lymphadenectomy was performed. Conclusions： We suggest the application of LODDS system routinely in western patients and the usage of MLR classification in cases with extended lymphadenectomy.

Sixth and seventh tumor-node-metastasis staging system compared in gastric cancer patients

AIM: To investigate the clinical relevance and prognosis regarding survival according to the changes of the tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) in gastric cancer patients. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 347 consecutive subjects who underwent surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma at the Division of General Surgery, Hospital of Busto Arsizio, Busto Arsizio, Italy between June 1998 and December 2009. Patients who underwent surgery without curative intent, patients with tumors of the gastric stump and patients with tumors involving the esophagus were excluded for survival analysis. Patients were staged according to the 6thand 7thedition TNM criteria; 5-year overall survival rates were investigated, and the event was defined as death from any cause. RESULTS: After exclusion, our study population included 241 resected patients with curative intent for gastric adenocarcinoma. The 5-year overall survival(5-year OS) rate of all the patients was 52.8%. Thediagnosed stage differed in 32% of 241 patients based on the TNM edition used for the diagnosis. The patients in stage Ⅱ according to the 6thedition who were reclassified as stage Ⅲ had significantly worse prognosis than patients classified as stage Ⅱ(5-year OS, 39% vs 71%). According to the 6thedition, 135 patients were classifed as T2, and 75% of these patients migrated to T3 and exhibited a significantly worse prognosis than those who remained T2, regardless of lymph node involvement(37% vs 71%). The new N1 patients exhibited a better prognosis than the previous N1 patients(67% vs 43%). CONCLUSION: 7thTNM allows new T2 and N1 patients to be selected with better prognosis, which leads to different staging. New stratification is important in multimodal therapy.

Activated systemic inflammatory response at diagnosis reduces lymph node count in colonic carcinoma

AIM: To investigate a link between lymph node yield and systemic inflammatory response in colon cancer. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database was interrogated. All patients undergoing curative colonic resection were included. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR) and albumin were used as markers of SIR. In keeping with previously studies, NLR ≥ 4, albumin < 35 was used as cut off points for SIR. Statistical analysis was performed using 2 sample t-test and χ~2 tests where appropriate.RESULTS: Three hundred and two patients were included for analysis. One hundred and ninety-five patients had NLR < 4 and 107 had NLR ≥ 4. There was no difference in age or sex between groups. Patients with NLR of ≥ 4 had lower mean lymph node yields than patients with NLR < 4 [17.6 ± 7.1 vs 19.2 ± 7.9(P = 0.036)]. More patients with an elevated NLR had node positive disease and an increased lymph node ratio(≥ 0.25, P = 0.044). CONCLUSION: Prognosis in colon cancer is intimately linked to the patient’s immune response. Assuming standardised surgical technique and sub specialty pathology, lymph node count is reduced when systemic inflammatory response is activated.

基于Node-red的云端智能生产线控制系统设计与实现

针对传统生产线在刚性生产过程中面临的成本过高、远程实施难、兼容性低等关键问题,基于目前中小企业的技术基础相对薄弱,无法将云计算平台、数据存储和处理等设备及技术运用到实际生产中的现状,本文利用西门子S7-1200 PLC作为核心控制器,基于Node-red平台设计了成本低、兼容性高的云端智能生产线监控系统,便于实现对于生产线的监视和控制,提高生产效率与产品质量。现场运行表明,该系统运行稳定,满足智能生产线的设计要求,同时具备部署成本低、兼容性高的突出优势。

主动网络节点操作系统(NodeOS)的研究

提出了一种3层次的主动网络节点操作系统(NodeOS)结构模型,即硬件抽象层、资源管理层和NodeOS-EEAPI层,详细讨论了每一层上的主要功能及实现机制。还讨论了基于授权的主动节点安全体系,它将分布式授权、安全策略管理、基于授权的访问控制、数据包起源授权及完整性控制有机地结合起来,保证了主动节点和主动包的安全。

基于Node.js的高性能站群系统设计与实现

站群系统是统一数据、标准和管理的建站模式,可以轻松建立多个站点,并在各站点间共享信息,从而显著减少信息孤岛现象。Node.js是javascript语言在服务器端的实现,采用V8高性能引擎,结合语言本身独特的异步特性,可以构建高性能网站。提出一种基于Node.js的网站架构,采用MVC、Widgets和SOA进行解耦,增加并行性,提高系统性能。在此架构上,设计和实现一套高性能站群系统,该系统结构清晰简单,可扩展性好,稳定性高,性能优越,适合高校使用。

基于Node.js的撮合系统开发

利用十分普及的移动智能手机和新兴的互联网应用开发技术,帮助人们随时随地发出具有明确时间和地域特征的具体需求,同时帮助商家及时获取交易机会。具备时效限制的撮合系统,依靠现代技术Node.js、Socket.IO、MongoDB等实现。虽然采用这些新技术带来一定的学习曲线,但从整体上却能缩短项目开发周期,提升系统性能,同时也带来了开发思想的转变。

Node.js高效分布式实时应用研究

Node.js应用平台的出现,为大数据实时应用提供了一个很好的可选技术方案。研究了分布式实时应用处理中任务的抢占式处理策略和双路由策略,并探讨了在Node.js平台上利用Redis或ZeroMQ技术实现高效可靠分布式实时应用的方法。

Circulation system complex networks and teleconnections

In terms of the characteristic topology parameters of climate complex networks, the spatial connection structural complexity of the circulation system and the influence of four teleconnection patterns are quantitatively described. Results of node degrees for the Northern Hemisphere （NH） mid-high latitude （30° N-90°N） circulation system （NHS） networks with and without the Arctic Oscillations （AO）, the North Atlantic Oscillations （NAO） and the Pacific-North American pattern （PNA） demonstrate that the teleconnections greatly shorten the mean shortest path length of the networks, thus being advantageous to the rapid transfer of local fluctuation information over the network and to the stability of the NHS. The impact of the AO on the NHS connection structure is most important and the impact of the NAO is the next important. The PNA is a relatively independent teleconnection, and its role in the NHS is mainly manifested in the connection between the NHS and the tropical circulation system （TRS）. As to the Southern Hemisphere mid-high latitude （30°S-90°S） circulation system （SHS）, the impact of the Antarctic Arctic Oscillations （AAO） on the structural stability of the system is most important. In addition, there might be a stable correlation dipole （AACD） in the SHS, which also has important influence on the structure of the SHS networks.

seventh tumor-node-metastasis staging of gastric cancer: Five-year follow-up

Seventh tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) classification for gastric cancer,published in 2010,introduced changes in all of its three parameters with the aim to increase its accuracy in prognostication. The aim of this review is to analyze the efficacy of these changes and their implication in clinical practice. We reviewed relevant Literature concerning staging systems in gastric cancer from 2010 up to March 2016. Adenocarcinoma of the esophago-gastric junction still remains a debated entity,due to its peculiar anatomical and histological situation: further improvement in its staging are required. Concerning distant metastases,positive peritoneal cytology has been adopted as a criterion to define metastatic disease: however,its search in clinical practice is still far from being routinely performed,as staging laparoscopy has not yet reached wide diffusion. Regarding definition of T and N: in the era of multimodal treatment these parameters should more influence both staging and surgery. The changes about T-staging suggested some modifications in clinical practice. Differently,many controversies on lymph node staging are still ongoing,with the proposal of alternative classification systems in order to minimize the extent of lymphadenectomy. The next TNM classification should take into account all of these aspects to improve its accuracy and the comparability of prognosis in patients from both Eastern and Western world.

Hardware/Compiler Memory Protection in Sensor Nodes

With reference to sensor node architectures, we consider the problem of supporting forms of memory protection through a hardware/compiler approach that takes advantage of a low-cost protection circuitry inside the microcontroller, interposed between the processor and the storage devices. Our design effort complies with the stringent limitations existing in these architectures in terms of hardware complexity, available storage and energy consumption. Rather that precluding deliberately harmful programs from producing their effects, our solution is aimed at limiting the spread of programming errors outside the memory scope of the running program. The discussion evaluates the resulting protection environment from a number of salient viewpoints that include the implementation of common protection paradigms, efficiency in the distribution and revocation of access privileges, and the lack of a privileged (kernel) mode.

A Study of Model for Distributed Measurement and Control System

This paper is concerned with a method for forming distributed measurement and control system.A three-layer structure model based on network,physical node layer and func-tion node layer is discussed.It is designed on object-oriented software method.The model has a fine application prospect.

WSN Node Applied to Large-Scale Unattended Monitoring

Long-term and stable wireless sensor network(WSN)node′s operation should be included in large-scale unattended industrial production.Here a kind of WSN node applied to multiple large-scale industrial productions is designed by analyzing WSN technologies and its multiple applications,and studying the node′s practical operating environment.A new method for applying image-recognition technology realized initially by using plenty of expensive sensors is proposed to analyze video data.When the node is applied in such situations as unattended operation and field monitoring,solar power generator is adopted to provide energy for the node system by charging a battery.The communication between WSN and background monitoring center is realized by GPRS module,and the operation of node is managed by transplanting μC/OS-Ⅱ into the ARM7 kernel microprocessor.The results show that the WSN node designed in this paper can be applied to control information transmission of wild and unattended large-scale industrial applications with stable and reliable performance.

Levels of Crotonaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal and Expression of Genes Encoding Carbonyl-Scavenging Enzyme at Critical Node During Rice Seed Aging

The critical node(CN) is an important stage during seed aging, which is related to effective genebank conservation. Previous studies have demonstrated that proteins undergo carbonylated modification at the CN in rice, indicating oxidative damage. However, the levels of reactive carbonyl species(RCS) and the associated scavenging system at the CN are largely unknown. In this study, we optimized methods for the extraction and analysis of RCS from dry rice embryos. In order to acquire seeds at the CN, rice seeds were subjected to natural conditions for 7, 9, 11 and 13 months, and the seed germination rates were reduced to 90%, 82%, 71% and 57%, respectively. We chose the stage with seed germination rate of 82% as the CN according to the rice seed vigor loss curve. The levels of crotonaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal(HNE) were significantly increased at the CN. In addition, genes encoding carbonyl-scavenging enzyme, including Os ALDHs and Os AKRs, were significantly down-regulated at the CN, and reductions in the expression of Os ALDH2-2, Os ALDH2-5, Os ALDH3-4, Os ALDH7, Os AKR1 and Os AKR2 in particular could be responsible for RCS accumulation. Thus, the accumulations of crotonaldehyde and HNE and down-regulation of genes encoding carbonyl-scavenging enzyme might be related to an accelerating loss of seed viability at the CN.

Modeling of Residential Photovoltaic (PV) System Connected to Low Voltage (LV) Network: Application to Public Distribution Network of Burkina Faso

Residential photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the grid are used for self-consumption. Any surplus production is fed into the grid and contributes to improving the voltage. Several techniques are developed to model their connection. However, studies on methods of injecting energy production into the Low Voltage (LV) network are nowadays a problem. This paper proposes a mathematical model to determine the current to be injected and calculate each node’s voltage. The current equation is a recurrence relation with an initial condition. This initial condition is for the case of a single PV system connected to the LV grid. The equation can also be written in matrix form. Similarly, the voltage solution is a recurrence relation. It also has an initial condition for the first node. Both mathematical formulae with the proposed initial conditions are consistent and can be used for the determination of the current and voltage of the different nodes in the grid.

Analytical Modeling of a Multi-queue Nodes Network Router

This paper presents the derivation of an analytical model for a multi-queue nodes network router, which is referred to as the multi-queue nodes （mQN） model. In this model, expressions are derived to calculate two performance metrics, namely, the queue node and system utilization factors. In order to demonstrate the flexibility and effectiveness of the mQN model in analyzing the performance of an mQN network router, two scenarios are performed. These scenarios investigated the variation of queue nodes and system utilization factors against queue nodes dropping probability for various system sizes and packets arrival routing probabilities. The performed scenarios demonstrated that the mQN analytical model is more flexible and effective when compared with experimental tests and computer simulations in assessing the performance of an mQN network router.

基于虚拟领导节点改进的孤岛微电网完全分布式二次调频策略

传统分布式二次调频策略在虚拟领导节点频率信息出现故障时会导致微电网系统频率无法恢复,针对该问题提出并设计一种完全分布式二次调频策略。首先分析传统分布式二次调频策略虚拟领导节点故障对二次调频过程产生的影响;然后,结合一致性算法对传统分布式二次调频控制器加以改进,通过将调频补偿量与频率偏差的对消作为“频率引导项”加入各分布式控制器中,使得各分布式发电单元完全对等,以保证虚拟领导节点去除后频率的正常恢复,实现完全分布式控制;最后,通过仿真验证所提方法在保证频率恢复方面的有效性与优越性。

跳数受限下的传感云网络多Sink节点重选址方法

当传感云网络中的Sink节点处于静止状态时,分布在其周围的邻居节点极易出现“能量空洞”,导致能量消耗不均,节点出现不同的网络生存期,影响节点间数据正常传输。为此,在限制节点跳数的前提下,提出一种多Sink节点重选址方法。基于Sink节点寿命和传感云网络代价函数引入质心理论,建立质点系并确定质心位置;将Sink节点向流量大的节点移动,并与其他Sink节点相互协作、避免发生冲突,直至到达质心位置,实现多Sink节点重选址。结果表明,所提方法重选址的节点生存时间最高为1 000 s为,数据包交付率为98%,节点平均剩余能量值高于0.6 J。

Path Planning for Mobile Anchor Node in Localization Based on Ad-Hoc Localization Algorithm

For mobile anchor node static path planning cannot accord the actual distribution of node for dynamic adjustment. We take advantage of the high localization accuracy and low computational complexity of ad-hoc localization system( AHLos)algorithm. This article introduces mobile anchor nodes instead of the traditional fixed anchor nodes to improve the algorithm. The result shows that, through introduce the mobile anchor node, the information of initial anchor nodes can be configured more flexible.Meanwhile,with the use of the approximate location and the transition path,the distance and energy consumption of the mobile anchor node is greatly reduced.

基于复杂网络的复杂产品系统关键节点辨识

复杂产品系统具有规模大、结构复杂等特点,从系统结构的视角辨识复杂产品系统关键节点,对于“事前”定位潜在风险源具有重要意义。针对目前“事后”追溯风险源难以保证复杂产品系统可靠运行及风险管理前瞻性等问题,考虑复杂产品系统的层级结构和子系统间风险的相互影响,提出了一种可用于“事前”风险管理的关键节点辨识方法。首先依据系统结构建立复杂网络;然后,构造零模型并结合网络统计特征初步划分节点集合,在此基础上引入线性阈值模型分析节点风险传播影响力,并基于风险的动态传播特征选取关键节点;最后,采用新舟700飞机的系统结构进行实证分析。结果表明,提出的方法有效地辨识了复杂产品系统的关键节点。