Battlefield target intelligence system architecture modeling and system optimization

To address the current problems of poor generality,low real-time,and imperfect information transmission of the battlefield target intelligence system,this paper studies the battlefield target intelligence system from the top-level perspective of multi-service joint warfare.First,an overall planning and analysis method of architecture modeling is proposed with the idea of a bionic analogy for battlefield target intelligence system architecture modeling,which reduces the difficulty of the planning and design process.The method introduces the Department of Defense architecture framework(DoDAF)modeling method,the multi-living agent(MLA)theory modeling method,and other combinations for planning and modeling.A set of rapid planning methods that can be applied to model the architecture of various types of complex systems is formed.Further,the liveness analysis of the battlefield target intelligence system is carried out,and the problems of the existing system are presented from several aspects.And the technical prediction of the development and construction is given,which provides directional ideas for the subsequent research and development of the battlefield target intelligence system.In the end,the proposed architecture model of the battlefield target intelligence system is simulated and verified by applying the colored Petri nets(CPN)simulation software.The analysis demonstrates the reasonable integrity of its logic.

Optimization of the cavity beam-position monitor system for the Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron laser user facility

To achieve high-efficiency operation of the highgain free-electron laser(FEL),the electron beams and radiated photon beams need to be overlapped precisely and pass through the entire undulator section.Therefore,a high-resolution beam-position monitor(BPM)is required.A cavity BPM(CBPM)with a resonant cavity structure was developed and used in the Shanghai Soft X-ray FEL(SXFEL)test facility and can achieve a position resolution of<1μm.The construction and operation of the SXFEL user facility also bring about higher requirements for beamposition measurement.In this case,the factors that affect the performance of the CBPM system were further analyzed.These included the amplitude and phase stability of the local oscillator,stability of the trigger signal,performance of the radio frequency front-end,signal processing electronics,and signal processing algorithms.Based on the upgrade and optimization of the system,a beam test platform was built at the end of the linear acceleration section of the SXFEL,and the experimental results show that the position resolution of the system can reach 177 nm at a bunch charge of 500 pC,and the dynamic range is controlled within±300μm,and the relative measurement uncertainty of the bunch charge can reach 0.021%,which are significant improvements compared to the attributes of the previous system.

Scheduling optimization of task allocation in integrated manufacturing system based on task decomposition

How to deal with the collaboration between task decomposition and task scheduling is the key problem of the integrated manufacturing system for complex products. With the development of manufacturing technology, we can probe a new way to solve this problem. Firstly, a new method for task granularity quantitative analysis is put forward, which can precisely evaluate the task granularity of complex product cooperation workflow in the integrated manufacturing system, on the above basis; this method is used to guide the coarse-grained task decomposition and recombine the subtasks with low cohesion coefficient. Then, a multi-objective optimieation model and an algorithm are set up for the scheduling optimization of task scheduling. Finally, the application feasibility of the model and algorithm is ultimately validated through an application case study.

Optimization and Testing for PCR System of Rice by Orthogonal Design

[Objective] This study was to screen the economic or stable PCR system of rice and detect the generality of the selected system in different molecular markers based on PCR.[Method] With DNA extracted from rice leaves by CTAB method as the template,PCR system was optimized by L16(45)orthogonal design.[Result] Clear bands were amplified from 16 different combinations,but the amplification effects and yields had difference.The most economic and applicable system was as follows:20 ng DNA template,150 μmol/L dNT...

Optimization of multibody systems based on the generalized-α projection method for DAEs

Efficient optimization strategy of multibody systems is developed in this paper. Aug- mented Lagrange method is used to transform constrained optimal problem into unconstrained form firstly. Then methods based on second order sensitivity are used to solve the unconstrained problem, where the sensitivity is solved by hybrid method. Generalized-α method and generalized-α projection method for the differential-algebraic equation, which shows more efficient properties with the lager time step, are presented to get state variables and adjoint variables during the optimization procedure. Numerical results validate the accuracy and efficiency of the methods is presented.

Study on the Optimization of Two-dimensional Electrophoresis Technology System for Rapeseed Proteome

[Objective] The research aimed to establish the two-dimensional electrophoresis（2-DE）technology which was suitable for the rapeseed proteome research.[Method] Xiangyou 17 was as the material.The sample preparation method,gel concentration and loading amount,etc.in 2-DE technology were optimized.[Result] The best extraction method of total protein of rapeseed was TCA-acetone method,and the protein spots on 2-DE map were the most.When IPG strip（pH 3-10）and 12% gel were used,and the loading amount was 250 μg,the two-dimensional electrophoresis map with the clear background,good repeatability and high protein spot resolution was obtained.[Conclusion] The research laid the foundation for carrying out the rapeseed proteomics research.

Optimization of PCR Reaction System for Random Single-strand DNA Pool in SELEX Technology

[Objective] This study aimed to optimize the PCR amplification conditions for random ssDNA pool in SELEX technology. [Method] L16（45） orthogonal experimental design was adopted for optimization of five important factors affecting PCR reaction system for random single-stranded DNA pool including Mg2＋ concentration, dNTP concentration, amount of Taq DNA polymerase, primer concentration and amount of random single-stranded DNA pool at four levels. Meanwhile, the annealing temperature and number of PCR reaction cycles were optimized to establish the optimal reaction system and PCR procedure. [Result] The optimal combination of PCR reaction system for random ssDNA pool was obtained, with a total system volume of 20 μl containing 2.0 μl of 10 × Buffer, 0.5 ng of random ssDNA pool, 2.5 mmol/L Mg2＋, 0.25 mmol/L dNTP Mixture, 0.6 μmol/L upstream and downstream primers and 1.5 U of Taq DNA polymerase; the optimal annealing temperature was 68 ℃ and the optimal number of cycles was 12. Under the above conditions, clear and stable bands with high specificity for random ssDNA pool were amplified. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for selection of parameters with higher specificity in SELEX technology.

System optimization-oriented spare parts dynamic configuration model for multi-echelon multi-indenture system

In order to optimize the spares configuration project at different stages during the life cycle, the factor of time is considered to relax the assumption of the spares steady demand in multi-echelon technique for recoverable item control (METRIC) theory. According to the method of systems analysis, the dynamic palm theorem is introduced to establish the prediction model of the spares demand rate, and its main influence factors are analyzed, based on which, the spares support effectiveness evaluation index system is studied, and the system optimization-oriented spares dynamic configuration method for multi-echelon multi-indenture system is proposed. Through the analysis of the optimization algorithm, the layered marginal algorithm is designed to improve the model calculation efficiency. In a given example, the multi-stage spares configuration project during its life cycle is gotten, the research result conforms to the actual status, and it can provide a new way for the spares dynamic optimization.

Establishment and Optimization of SRAP Amplification System in Lonicara caerulea L.

A single factor design was applied to optimize five factors influencing SRAP system, including Taq DNA polymerase, template DNA concentration, dNTPs, primer and Mg2＋, each at four levels. The optimal SRAP-PCR system for Lonicera caerulea L. was 20 ktL SRAP-PCR amplification reaction solution containing 2.0 μL 10×PCR buffer, 1.0 U Taq DNA polymerase, 30 ng template DNA, 0.2 mmol·L-1 dNTPs, 2.0 mmol·L-1 Mg2＋ and 0.2μmol·L-1 primer. The suitable amplification procedure consisted of an initial denaturation at 94℃ for 5 min; denaturation at 94℃ for 1 min, annealing at 35℃ for 1 rain, extension at 72℃ for 90 s and in total five cycles; denaturation at 94℃ for 1 min, annealing at 50℃ for 1 min, extension at 72℃ for 90 s and in total 35 cycles; extension at 72℃ for 8 rain; preservation at 4℃. The procedures and systems could meet the demand for SRAP amplification of Lonicera caerulea L. and would play an important role in Lonicera caerulea L. germplasm identification and genetic diversity analysis.

Design and Optimization of a Hybrid Energy System for Decentralized Heating

The performances of a hybrid energy system for decentralized heating are investigated.The proposed energy system consists of a solar collector,an air-source heat pump,a gas-fired boiler and a hot water tank.A mathematical model is developed to predict the operating characteristics of the system.The simulation results are compared with experimental data.Such a comparison indicates that the model accuracy is sufficient.The influence of the flat plate solar collector area on the economic and energy efficiency of such system is also evaluated through numerical simulations.Finally,this system is optimized using the method of orthogonal design.The results clearly demonstrate that the solar-heat pump-gas combined system is more convenient and efficient than the simple gas system and the heat pump-gas combined system,whereas it is less convenient but more efficient than the solarassisted gas system.

Improved Hungarian algorithm for assignment problems of serial-parallel systems

In order to overcome the shortcoming of the classical Hungarian algorithm that it can only solve the problems where the total cost is the sum of that of each job, an improved Hungarian algorithm is proposed and used to solve the assignment problem of serial-parallel systems. First of all, by replacing parallel jobs with virtual jobs, the proposed algorithm converts the serial-parallel system into a pure serial system, where the classical Hungarian algorithm can be used to generate a temporal assignment plan via optimization. Afterwards, the assignment plan is validated by checking whether the virtual jobs can be realized by real jobs through local searching. If the assignment plan is not valid, the converted system will be adapted by adjusting the parameters of virtual jobs, and then be optimized again. Through iterative searching, the valid optimal assignment plan can eventually be obtained.To evaluate the proposed algorithm, the valid optimal assignment plan is applied to labor allocation of a manufacturing system which is a typical serial-parallel system.

DISOPE distributed model predictive control of cascade systems with network communication

A novel distributed model predictive control scheme based on dynamic integrated system optimization and parameter estimation （DISOPE） was proposed for nonlinear cascade systems under network environment. Under the distributed control structure, online optimization of the cascade system was composed of several cascaded agents that can cooperate and exchange information via network communication. By iterating on modified distributed linear optimal control problems on the basis of estimating parameters at every iteration the correct optimal control action of the nonlinear model predictive control problem of the cascade system could be obtained, assuming that the algorithm was convergent. This approach avoids solving the complex nonlinear optimization problem and significantly reduces the computational burden. The simulation results of the fossil fuel power unit are illustrated to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm.

Conflict and Coordination Problem of Carbon Tax' Diversity Targets in China-Based on the Tax Optimization Theory

Among all the emission reduction measures,carbon tax is recognized as the most effective way to protect our climate.That is why the Chinese government has recently taken it as a tax reform direction.In the current economic analysis,the design of carbon tax is mostly based on the target to maximize the efficiency.However,based on the theory of tax system optimization,we should also consider other policy objectives,such as equity,revenue and cost,and then balance different objectives to achieve the suboptimum reform of carbon tax system in China.

Exploration and Application Practice of Energy Conservation Theory and Method in Steel Manufacturing Process System

This article briefly discusses the theoretical basis and overall goals of energy conservation in the steel manufacturing process system.It is proposed that in the process of implementing system energy conservation,it is necessary to fully recognize and utilize the characteristics and functional advantages of the steel manufacturing process,pay more attention to energy quality,firmly grasp the overall goal of system optimization,focus on the integrated optimization of gas,steam,and waste heat systems,and propose the idea of constructing a"steel chemi-cal gas electricity heating cooling multi generation system".Based on practice,the main principles,models,and effects of implementing systematic energy conservation in steel enterprises have been proposed.

Suggestions on Improving China’s Breakthrough Therapy Designation System

Objective To analyze the characteristics of breakthrough therapy designation(BTD)and its implementation in China,and to provide reference for the optimization of BTD system.Methods A comparative research method was used to study the content and implementation effect of BTD system in China and the relevant policies and implementation of the same procedures of drug regulatory authorities in the United States,Japan and the European Union.Then,the differences in policies and implementation results among these countries were analyzed to provide suggestions for the implementation and optimization of this system in China.Results and Conclusion China’s BTD system is implemented late and a small number of drugs has been approved.At the same time,there are problems such as insufficient guidance and communication from the agency to applicants,a broad application condition,single review mode,and lack of full-time personnel.Both the agencies and the applicants have limited experience due to the short implementation time of BTD system in China.There are still some problems despite we have learned a lot from the experience of other drug regulatory agencies.Therefore,based on our national conditions,we should strengthen the guidance of evaluation agency to applicants,optimize the eligibility criteria of BTD system,introduce the rolling review,and increase the number of professional liaisons,which can accelerate the development and marketing process of drugs with obvious clinical value,and finally to address unmet medical need.

A review of uncertain factors and analytic methods in long-term energy system optimization models

A larger number of uncertain factors in energy systems influence their evolution.Owing to the complexity of energy system modeling,incorporating uncertainty analysis to energy system modeling is essential for future energy system planning and resource allocation.This study focusses on long-term energy system optimization model.The important uncertain parameters in the model are analyzed and divided into policy,economic,and technical factors.This study specifically addresses the challenges related to carbon emission reduction and energy transition.It involves collecting and organizing relevant research on uncertainty analysis of long-term energy systems.Various energy system uncertainty modeling methods and their applications from the literature are summarized in this review.Finally,important uncertainty factors and uncertainty modeling methods for long-term energy system modeling are discussed,and future research directions are proposed.

Optimization of ISSR-PCR Reaction System and Primer Selection for Olea euyopaea

[ Objective] This study aimed to optimize the ISSR-PCR reaction system and select polymorphic ISSR primers for Olea euyopaea. [Method] O. euyo- paea genomic DNA was extracted from leaves as the template for optimization of ISSR-PCR reaction system by single-factor experiments on the main factors including Mg2＋ , dNTPs, primer concentration and template amount. [ Result ] The optimal ISSR-PCR reaction system for O. euyopaea was obtained, with a total system vol- ume of 20μl containing 1 × Taq buffer, 3.5 mmol/L Mg2＋ , 0.4 mmol/L dNTPs, 1.0 μmol/L primers, 1.0 U of Taq DNA polymerase and 20 ng of DNA tem- plate. The optimal ISSR-PCR reaction program was started with predenaturation at 94 ℃ for 5 min, followed by 40 cycles of denaturation at 94 ℃ for 30 s, annea- ling at 52 - 55 ℃ for 30 s, and extension at 72 ℃ for 2 min ; the amplification was completed by holding the reaction mixture at 72 ℃ for 10 min to allow complete extension of PCR products. PCR products were stored at 4 ℃. Based on the above conditions, 11 primers with high polymorphism, clear amplified bands and good repeatability were selected. [ Conclusion ] This study laid the foundation for further diversity research and species identification of O. euyopaea germplasm

Fuzzy Controller-Based Design and Simulation of an Automatic Parking System

With the development of automatic driving and fuzzy theory, people pay more and more attention to the application of fuzzy logic in engineering technology. The automatic parking module in the automatic driving system has always been the focus of research. Automatic parking modules can greatly assist drivers in parking operations, greatly reduce parking difficulties and make people more convenient and fast parking. In this paper, an automatic parking system based on the fuzzy controller is proposed. The fuzzy controller of automatic parking system is constructed by using fuzzy theory, and the robustness of the whole system is examined by fuzzy logic. Firstly, the vehicle motion rules and trajectory changes are analyzed in detail, and the real parking lot model is simulated. Then, the input and output variables of the whole system are analyzed by fuzzy theory and the membership function is constructed. Based on the experience of human experts, the parking rules are tested and summarized, and a reasonable and practical rule base is established. Finally, MATLAB is used to code, build the visual interface of parking lot and vehicles, and draw the cyclic iterative function to detect the vehicle position and direction angle, so as to act as a sensor. The results show that using a fuzzy controller to construct an automatic parking system can effectively improve the parking level.

Study on Injection-Production System Adjustment of Fault Block Reservoir Based on Equilibrium Displacement

This paper proposed a method of injection-production system adjustment to solve the problem that the water flooding effect was restricted because of the horizontal and vertical contradictions during the development process of fault block reservoirs. Considering the heterogeneity of reservoir, the Buckley-Leverett water flooding theory was applied to establish the relationship between the recovery and cumulative water injection. In order to achieve the goal of vertically balanced recovery of each section, the calculation method of vertical sectional injection allocation was proposed. The planar triangular seepage unit was assumed and sweep coefficients of different oil-water distribution patterns were characterized using multi-flow tube method. In order to balance and maximize the plane sweep coefficient, the calculation method of plane production system optimization was obtained. Then the injection-production system stereoscopic adjustment method based on equilibrium displacement was proposed with vertical sectional injection allocation and plane production system optimization. This method was applied to injection and production adjustment of BZ oilfield in southern Bohai. The effect of water control and oil increase was obvious. This method can greatly improve the effect of water flooding of offshore fault block reservoirs with the adjustment of injection-production system.

MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF RADIATION FIELD OPTIMIZATION FOR MEDICAL LINAC

A method for designing an X-ray flatness filter for medical electron linac is developed. It is used in the optimization process in the electron beam radiation system. Monte Carlo simulation method is used and two examples of real radiation system optimization processes for China-made medical electron linac are provided： 15 MV X- ray system of BJ-20 linac, and 12 MeV electron system of BJ-14. Results are verified by using the traditional method.