Cable Pin System versus K-wire Tension Band Fixation for Patella Fractures in Chinese Han Population: A Meta-analysis

This meta-analysis compared the therapeutic effect of cable pin system（CPS） with K-wire tension band（KTB） in the treatment of patella fractures among Chinese Han population. The databases of PubM ed, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）, Chinese Wan Fang and Chinese VIP were searched for studies on CPS versus KTB in the treatment of patella fractures among Chinese Han population. Literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed, and meta-analysis was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration＇s REVMAN 5.3 software. A total of 932 patients from 15 studies were included in this meta-analysis（426 fractures treated with CPS and 506 fractures treated with KTB）. There were significant differences in duration of hospital stay [mean difference（MD）=–1.07; 95% confidence interval（CI）： –1.71 to –0.43], fracture healing time（MD=–1.23; 95% CI： –1.68 to –0.77）, flexion degree of knee joint at 6 th month after operation（MD=14.82; 95% CI： 10.93 to 18.71）, incidence of postoperative complication [risk ratio（RR）=0.16; 95% CI： 0.09 to 0.27] and excellent-good rate of B？stman score（RR=1.09; 95% CI： 1.03 to 1.16） between the CPS group and KTB group, while no significant difference was found in operative time between the two groups（MD=–4.52; 95% CI： –11.70 to 2.67）. For the treatment of patella fractures among Chinese Han population, limited evidence suggests that the CPS is more suitable than the KTB when considering the hospital stay, fracture healing time, flexion degree of knee at 6 th month after operation, incidence of postoperative complication and excellent-good rate of B？stman joint score. Due to the limitation of high quality evidence and sample size, more large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to validate the findings in the future.

Measurement of Densities and Surface Tensions of NaCl-KCl-ScCl_3 System

The bubble's largest pressure method was employed to measure the densities and the surface tensions ofthe NaCl-KCl(equimolar)-ScCl3 system in which the contents of ScCl3 were 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively.The results show that while temperature increases, the densities and the sufface tensions of the melts will decrease at thesame content of ScCl3; while the content of ScCl3 in the melts increases, the densities of the melts will increase and thesufface tentions of the melts will decrease at the same temperature. The least-square method was used to treat the data,and the regression functions of the densities and the surface tensions with temperature were given. It is known from theresults that the physicochemical properties of the NaCl-KCl (equimolar)-ScCl3 system can meet the requirements ofpreparation of Al-Sc alloys through the molten salt electrolysis.

ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC COMPOUND CONTROL METHOD AND CHARACTERISTIC OF CONTROL FOR TENSION SYSTEM WITH HIGH INERTIA LOADS

Based on the pressure regulation circuit adopting electro-hydraulic proportional relief valve to control tension, a new type of electro-hydraulic compound control circuit with throttle control unit is presented, which can obtain optimal dynamic damping ratio through real-time altering pressure-flow gain of the throttle control unit, improve the dynamic characteristic of tension follow-up control for the tension system with high inertia loads. Moreover, the characteristic when the cable linear velocity variation causes change of tension is investigated, and a compound control strategy is proposed. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the electro-hydraulic compound control circuit is effective and the characteristic of the compound control strategy is satisfactory.

Tensioner Vibration and Belt Slipping Behavior Investigation for Damped Serpentine Belt Drive Systems

A nonlinear rotational motion model for n-pulley damped serpentine belt drive systems （SBDSs） was developed.The effects of the belt deflection along the contact arc of pulleys on the belt span tensions were considered.The methods for calculating the tensioner arm vibration and belt slipping on pulleys were introduced.The effects of belt damping on rotational vibration of tensioner arm and belt slipping on pulleys were studied.Numerical solutions for a 3-pulley SBDS indicate that the belt slipping at the steady states should be controlled to avoid belt slipping at transient states.The slip factors tend to decrease when the belt damping increases,and the possibility of the belt slipping can be controlled through adjusting the wrap angles of pulleys and the preload of the tensioner when the design parameters of SBDS remain constant.

Application of Tension Leg Platform Combined with Other Systemsin the Development of China Deepwater Oil Fields

The development of deepwater oil fields has reached a new stage with the dramatic increase in water depth and the recent increasing demands of the economic development in the filed. The use of a Tension Leg Platform （TIP） combined with other systems, such as Floating Production Storage and Offloading （FPSO） system, Floating Production Unit （FPU） system, Tender Assisted Drilling （TAD） system, etc., has drawn the industry attention and increased significantly in the past few years. For the areas lacking of pipeline system, the use of TIP（s） combined with FPSO has been chosen to efficiently develop the deepwater fields. The TIP with a Tender Assisted Drilling system significantly reduces the payload of the platform and reduces the investment in the TIP system substantially. This opens the door for many new deepwater field developments to use the tension leg platform. The advantage of the TIP combined with a TAD system is more significant when several TIPs are used for the continuous development of the field. One of the applications for the TIP with a tender assisted drilling system can be in the development of an offshore marginal field. Owing to the increase of water depth, the conventional fixed platform model for the exploration of those fields becomes uneconomical. It also would be too expensive to use a large TIP structure for those marginal fields due to the large amount of initial investment. The TIP system with tender assisted drilling can be used to develop those fields economically. There are many marginal fields in China offshore, especially in shelf areas. The application of this field developing model, combined with the existing field developing experience in China, will open the door for many marginal field developments. This paper will review the application of the combined TIP system through some examples of completed/ongoing projects, and major technical issues encountered in those practices. The potential application of this technology in China deepwater development will be discussed in the end.

Analysis on Motion and Cable Dynamic Tension for An ALT-Tanker System

A two-degree freedom model for an ALT-tanker system is established corresponding to the pitch of the ALT and the surge of the tanker.Tension in the mooring cable between the ALT and the tanker is represented by an unsymmetrical,piecewise-nonlinear function.Wave load on the tower is evaluated by use of the Morison equation.The first order wave load acting on the tanker is calculated by the linear diffraction theory based on the 2-D Helmholtz equation,and the near field approach of Pinkster is used to evaluate the second order drift force.The dynamic equation of motion is established based on the principle of D＇lembert.Dynamic response and cable tension of a mooring system composed of an 88.4 m ALT and a 100000 t grade tanker are calculated.The influence of wave frequency,wave excitation amplitude,wind and current force on ALT-tanker motion and cable tension is discussed.

Dynamic Simulation and Tension Compensation Research on Subsea Umbilical Cable Laying System

For studying the dynamic performance of subsea umbilical cable laying system and achieving the goal of cable tension and laying speed control,the rigid finite element method is used to discrete and transform the system into a rigid-flexible coupling multi-body system which consists of rigid elements and spring-damping elements.The mathematical model of subsea umbilical cable laying system kinematic chain is presented with the second order Lagrange equation in the joint coordinate system,and dynamic modeling and simulation is performed with ADAMS.The dynamic analysis is conducted assuming the following three statuses:ideal laying,practical laying under wave disturbance,and practical laying with tension compensation.Results show that motion disturbances of the laying budge under sea waves,especially with heaving and pitching,will cause relatively serious fluctuations in cable tension and laying speed.Tension compensation,i.e.,active back tension torque control can restrict continuous tension increasing or decreasing effectively and rapidly,thus avoiding cable breach or buckling.

不同冲击方向下海洋绞车系统张力控制动态仿真

海洋绞车系统的张力控制主要用于平衡复杂多变的海洋环境对张力产生的影响,当绞车系统新增无人潜航器的自动回收需求时,无人潜航器对绞车的初始冲击新特征给绞车安全带来了较大的风险。为提高绞车在使用过程中的安全性,通过对不同海浪冲击模式进行分析,创新性地引入有限元迭代缆绳动态仿真技术,建立相应的海洋绞车模型。仿真分析安装波浪补偿设备前、后,不同冲击方向下,绞车缆绳张力、绞车卷筒转速和配套设备负加速度的变化动态特性曲线可知,与水平方向冲击相比,垂直方向冲击对系统缆绳载荷和无人潜航器负加速度的效能改善达46%以上。由此提出绞车系统优化改进方案,为绞车安全性设计提供分析研究手段。

基于准零刚度机构与间接力控制的恒拉力系统设计与分析

现有的悬吊式微低重力模拟恒拉力系统常采用力传感器数值作为反馈直接控制系统,但实际情况下力作为反馈信号常会产生突变,影响系统控制精度。为了改进刚性控制策略下系统稳定性差与大冲击条件下力误差大的状况,文中设计了包含准零刚度机构的恒拉力系统,通过控制准零刚度机构长度间接对恒拉力系统输出拉力进行控制。对准零刚度机构进行受力分析,明确影响准零刚度机构性能的关键指标和准零刚度机构的工作行程区间,建立恒拉力系统动力学模型,设计控制系统。为了验证系统控制精度与系统抗干扰性能,进行了动力学联合仿真对设计进行验证,仿真结果表明:该恒拉力系统拉力的控制误差可控制在2%以内,且具有较好的鲁棒性。

碳纤维增强复合材料黏结型锚固体系弯拉性能试验研究

为了研究碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)黏结型锚固体系的弯拉性能,对设计的锚固体系试件进行了10组轴向拉伸试验与12组弯拉试验。在锚固体系优化基础上研究了CFRP筋直径、弯曲半径改变下试件的极限承载力、破坏模式、锚固效率及CFRP筋荷载‒应变关系。结果表明,锚固体系的弯拉承载力折减量系数随CFRP筋弯曲半径的增大而减小,CFRP筋直径越大试件承载力折减量系数越大,并且CFRP筋横向约束有利于弯拉极限承载力的提高。此外,CFRP筋荷载‒应变曲线的非线性变化是试件失效前的典型特征。弯曲半径和CFRP筋直径的比值与锚固效率系数为线性关系,比值在2.4‰以下时试件的弯拉锚固效率系数小于80%,试件呈不均匀断裂和剪切的破坏形式。

基于滑模变结构的精密涂布机放卷系统张力控制策略研究

张力稳定是涂布工艺的一个基础条件,如何提高放卷系统的张力控制精度是精密涂布机张力控制面临的难点问题。本研究针对精密涂布机放卷系统张力稳定性控制需求,提出了一种基于滑模变结构控制策略的放卷系统张力控制方法。首先,根据精密涂布机放卷系统的工作原理,建立了放卷系统的参数时变、非线性动力学模型,分析了张力波动的主要原因;然后,在放卷系统张力模型的基础上,设计了一个放卷张力系统滑模变结构控制器,并利用李雅普诺夫(Lyapunov)定理进行了系统稳定性分析;最后,通过仿真试验对所设计的滑模变结构控制器进行了性能验证。仿真结果表明,相比于传统PID控制,本研究所设计的滑模变结构控制器对放卷张力系统具有更好的控制鲁棒性。

三种新型钢结构体系研究

传统粗放型建造方式存在环境污染、耗能过大等问题。近年来,建筑行业正向绿色节能方向转型,推动钢结构建筑的发展是实现这一转型的重要方法和必由之路。钢结构具有自重轻、强度大、易于安装等优点,根据社会现阶段发展的需求,各种钢结构体系应运而生。为促进新型钢结构体系的发展及其工程应用,结合笔者课题组近年来相关的研究方向和成果,对装配式钢结构、自适应索杆张力结构、不锈钢材料结构三种结构体系的研究进行了详细的总结与介绍。

Web Tension Regulation of Multispan Roll-to-Roll System using Integrated Active Dancer and Load Cells for Printed Electronics Applications

The mass production of primed electronics can be achieved by roll-to-roll（R2R） printing system, so highly accurate web tension is required that can minimize the register error and keep the thickness and roughness of printed devices in limits. The web tension of a R2R system is regulated by the use of integrated load cells and active dancer system for printed electronics applications using decentralized multi-input-single-output（MISO） regularized variable learning rate backpropagation artificial neural networks. The active dancer system is used before printing system to reduce disturbances in the web tension of process span. The classical PID control result in tension spikes with the change in roll diameter of winder and unwinder rolls. The presence of dancer in R2R system shows that improved web tension control in printing span and the web tension can be enhanced from 3.75 N to 4.75 N. The overshoot of system is less than ±2.5 N and steady state error is within ± 1 N where load cells have a signal noise of ±0.7 N. The integration of load cells and active dancer with self-adapting neural network control provide a solution to the web tension control of multispan roll-to-roll system.

考虑张力制度影响的碳纤维缠绕容器爆破性能预测与仿真插件开发

针对缠绕张力对碳纤维缠绕容器承载性能影响规律尚不明确的问题,基于ABAQUSTM软件开发了一套用户友好、自主选择性好且高效的插件工具,能够自动化完成模型建立和相关设置工作,实现了考虑多种缠绕工艺参数的容器结构精细化建模。基于该插件工具,对碳纤维缠绕容器在不同缠绕张力制度下的爆破性能进行了参数化分析,通过爆破试验验证了数值模型的有效性。对于直径为Ф155 mm和Ф474 mm的容器,90 N-80 N-60 N和200 N-180 N-160 N逐层减小的缠绕张力制度将提高容器的爆破性能;对于20 N和30 N递减张力制度,直径Ф474 mm容器的爆破压强随着内层张力的减小逐渐降低,当张力递减幅度增加时,容器的爆破压强趋于稳定,其下降幅度由16.79%减小到3.05%。此外,容器封头段与筒身段过渡区域的应变水平最高,为碳纤维缠绕容器的薄弱位置。

基于PLCSIM Advanced和Simulink的自动化生产线仿真实训平台设计

为解决自动化生产线实训线下课程实验硬件套数不足、实验时长和场地受限等问题,提升教学质量,设计了一种基于PLCSIM Advanced和Simulink的自动化生产线仿真实训平台。该仿真平台以实训设备为依托,使用Simulink搭建被控对象仿真模型,在PLCSIM Advanced仿真控制器中编写控制算法,通过应用程序接口(application programming interface,API)通信实现对象模型与控制器间数据的实时交换和仿真。以纸张张力控制设备为例,介绍了仿真实训平台搭建和实施过程。实践教学表明,该仿真平台提高了自动化生产线实训课程的教学成效,激发了学生实践学习的兴趣,提升了学生发现、解决复杂工程问题的能力,让学生深刻体会到团队合作和有效沟通的重要性。

系留无人机系统冲击张力实验研究

系留无人机中缆绳的松弛-张紧变化可能会产生冲击张力,导致缆绳断裂和无人机失控坠毁,对于该冲击张力现象亟待实验研究.为此,在风洞中开展了系留无人机系统冲击张力实验,通过分析不同结构和环境参数下系留无人机系统动力学响应数据,揭示冲击张力的变化规律.依据光纤布拉格光栅(fiber Bragg grating,FBG)传感器可受拉受压的测试特点,提出判断缆绳松弛-张紧的准则.通过分析缆绳松弛-张紧随位置的分布图发现,随着缆绳长度减小、直径减小或风速增大,发生松弛-张紧的位置会减少或消失.测试了缆绳长度、直径和环境风速对冲击张力的影响,结果发现,缆绳长度越长、缆绳直径越大、环境风速越大,缆绳张力也越大.同时发现,张力在缆绳与无人机的连接点达到最大,该张力作用会影响无人机的稳定运动,不利于系统的正常工作及安全飞行.在实际需求前提下,在结构设计时可选用长度较小或直径较小或抗拉强度较大的缆绳,同时对缆绳和无人机的连接点加强保护,从而确保系统的稳定性和安全性.

绳索驱动下肢训练机器人系统运动稳定性分析

针对绳索驱动下肢训练机器人的稳定性问题,本文建立了绳索驱动下肢训练机器人的运动学和动力学模型,给出了绳索拉力优化解的计算表达式,并推导获得了机器人的系统刚度解析表达式。考虑不同训练对象承受运动强度的能力不同,定义了速度影响函数。综合考虑绳索拉力、系统刚度和速度影响函数等因素定义了机器人系统的运动稳定性评价指标,并通过稳定工作空间、抗干扰稳定工作空间和不同训练轨迹的实例计算明确了机器人工作空间内中上部区域的运动稳定性能更好,为运动支链中的过轮运动规划和训练任务规划提供了理论依据。

头针联合三维步态分析训练系统治疗脑梗死患者下肢运动功能障碍疗效观察

目的 探讨头针联合三维步态分析训练系统治疗脑梗死患者下肢运动功能障碍的临床疗效。方法 选择2022年6月—2023年6月皖北煤电集团总医院收治的脑梗死后下肢运动功能障碍患者60例,随机分成对照组和观察组各30例。对照组给予常规康复训练+三维步态训练治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合头针治疗,2组均治疗4周。观察比较2组患者治疗前后步态分析参数、改良Asworth肌张力量表评分、徒手肌力评定量表(MMT)评分、改良Barthel指数(MBI)评分、运动学参数、脑血流动力学参数,评估2组临床疗效。结果 2组患者治疗后步速、步频、跨步长、步长、步宽及MMT评分、MBI评分均明显增高,最大髋关节屈曲角度、最大膝关节屈曲角度、最大踝关节背屈和跖屈角度均明显增大,双侧大脑中动脉最大峰值流速(Vs)、平均流速(Vm)均明显加快,且观察组上述各指标较对照组改善更明显,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);2组患者治疗后步态周期、双支撑时间、Asworth评分、血管阻力指数(RI)均明显降低(P均<0.05),且观察组均明显低于对照组(P均<0.05);观察组总有效率明显高于对照组[93.3%(28/30)比70.0%(21/30),P<0.05]。结论 头针联合三维步态分析训练系统能够明显提高脑梗死后下肢运动功能障碍患者下肢肌张力、肌力及生活能力,并能明显改善脑血流动力学,从而促进患者运动功能恢复。

近海悬链式单点系泊装置在位稳定性研究

本文以孟加拉国海域某悬链式单点系泊装置(Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring,CALM)装置为研究对象,研究了其在不同风浪流条件下的水动力响应和运动状态。采用理论研究与数值模拟的方法,研究单点系泊装置在有无油轮系泊工况下浮筒的运动响应、锚链受力、水下软管响应及系泊缆受力等情况,进而开展了对比分析并从中总结锚链长度对单点系泊装置稳定性的影响及运动规律。最后通过仿真计算验证了该系统在系泊状态下的稳定性,给出了系泊关键参数和系统稳定性的关系。

关于煤矿提升机张力动态监测系统的设计

以JKMD-5×4P型提升机为对象,结合实际情况设计了提升机钢丝绳的张力动态监测系统。系统硬件主要包括各类传感器、信号传输装置、上位机等,在硬件基础上进行软件程序设计,实现对提升机4根钢丝绳张力的准确检测,分析各钢丝绳之间的张力不平衡度,控制在安全的10%范围内。可检测罐笼A和B的载重,确保不超载,同时监测两个罐笼的配重不平衡现象。将系统应用到提升机工程实践中,通过12个月时间的实践运行,发现系统达到了预期效果。