你也许注意到人力-电动混合型自行车的数量在增加。找出一个合适的名称来区分不同类型的自行车变得越来越困难。至此,你已听到电动自行车(electric bicycles),电动车(e-bikes),电动助力自行车(electric Power Assisted Cycles缩写为EPA...你也许注意到人力-电动混合型自行车的数量在增加。找出一个合适的名称来区分不同类型的自行车变得越来越困难。至此,你已听到电动自行车(electric bicycles),电动车(e-bikes),电动助力自行车(electric Power Assisted Cycles缩写为EPACs)及电控自行车(Electronic Bike)。你能说出它们之间的区别吗?展开更多
Biopolymer composite has gained huge attention for its beneficial properties such as biodegradable and less impact to the environment.This consequently would diminish the dependency on the petroleum-based polymer.Abun...Biopolymer composite has gained huge attention for its beneficial properties such as biodegradable and less impact to the environment.This consequently would diminish the dependency on the petroleum-based polymer.Abundance of studies have been done on the development and characterization of biopolymer composite materials for food packaging application,but work on the conceptual design of biopolymer composite packaging product is hardly found.Using the Kano Model,Quality Function Deployment for Environment(QFDE),morphological map,and Analytic Hierarchy Method(AHP)framework combination,this paper presents the conceptual design of a natural fibre reinforced biopolymer composites take-out food container.To understand customer satisfaction with the current use of takeout food containers,the Kano model was applied,and the findings were integrated into QFDE.The highest weight of voices of customer and environment(VOCE)as the solution parameters for the design characteristics were later refined using the aid of morphological chart(MC)to systematically develop conceptual designs.Lastly,AHP was utilized to pick the final concept design.The concept design with the highest score(8.3%)was chosen as the final conceptual design.展开更多
外卖配送路径优化包括骑手间订单分配和骑手配送路径规划两部分。针对其中订单动态产生和骑手位置不断变化的问题,基于预优化后动态调整的思想建立以最小化超时订单比例、单均配送时间和单均行驶距离为目标的两阶段优化模型。在预优化阶...外卖配送路径优化包括骑手间订单分配和骑手配送路径规划两部分。针对其中订单动态产生和骑手位置不断变化的问题,基于预优化后动态调整的思想建立以最小化超时订单比例、单均配送时间和单均行驶距离为目标的两阶段优化模型。在预优化阶段,设计改进变邻域搜索算法获得初始配送方案;在动态调整阶段,采用周期性优化策略,将不断变换的骑手位置转化为虚拟配送中心车辆问题进行求解;在每一阶段采用不同的聚类方法对订单进行聚类,优化初始解的质量以更快求解。结果验证了本文策略和算法在求解动态外卖配送路径问题时的有效性和可行性。研究成果不仅深化拓展了PDVRP(pickup and delivery vehicle routing problem with time window)相关理论研究,也为外卖平台提供一种科学的优化方案。展开更多
基金The authors would like to express the highest appreciation to the Malaysia Public Service Department(JPA)for the study sponsorship given to the main author and the financial support provided through Universiti Putra Malaysia Grant Scheme HICoE(Vote Number 6369107)from the Ministry of Education Malaysia.
文摘Biopolymer composite has gained huge attention for its beneficial properties such as biodegradable and less impact to the environment.This consequently would diminish the dependency on the petroleum-based polymer.Abundance of studies have been done on the development and characterization of biopolymer composite materials for food packaging application,but work on the conceptual design of biopolymer composite packaging product is hardly found.Using the Kano Model,Quality Function Deployment for Environment(QFDE),morphological map,and Analytic Hierarchy Method(AHP)framework combination,this paper presents the conceptual design of a natural fibre reinforced biopolymer composites take-out food container.To understand customer satisfaction with the current use of takeout food containers,the Kano model was applied,and the findings were integrated into QFDE.The highest weight of voices of customer and environment(VOCE)as the solution parameters for the design characteristics were later refined using the aid of morphological chart(MC)to systematically develop conceptual designs.Lastly,AHP was utilized to pick the final concept design.The concept design with the highest score(8.3%)was chosen as the final conceptual design.
文摘外卖配送路径优化包括骑手间订单分配和骑手配送路径规划两部分。针对其中订单动态产生和骑手位置不断变化的问题,基于预优化后动态调整的思想建立以最小化超时订单比例、单均配送时间和单均行驶距离为目标的两阶段优化模型。在预优化阶段,设计改进变邻域搜索算法获得初始配送方案;在动态调整阶段,采用周期性优化策略,将不断变换的骑手位置转化为虚拟配送中心车辆问题进行求解;在每一阶段采用不同的聚类方法对订单进行聚类,优化初始解的质量以更快求解。结果验证了本文策略和算法在求解动态外卖配送路径问题时的有效性和可行性。研究成果不仅深化拓展了PDVRP(pickup and delivery vehicle routing problem with time window)相关理论研究,也为外卖平台提供一种科学的优化方案。
