The research examines a new accreditation test system of English Test for International Communication(ETIC)launched in 2016 and developed by China Language Assessment(a professional testing service established by Beij...The research examines a new accreditation test system of English Test for International Communication(ETIC)launched in 2016 and developed by China Language Assessment(a professional testing service established by Beijing Foreign Studies Uni⁃versity).The analysis and discussion is conducted through an example procedure of such assessment performance on ETIC.The rel⁃evant review aims to sort out the theoretical framework and main characteristic of the system,address the consequence and decision elicited from the assessment,and conclude the contribution of ETIC as a task-ability assessment to the use of language.It shows the interpretation of ETIC is generalizable and relevant to make the decision for test users.Such test system of ETIC is accountable to the stakeholders for the intended use.The research also puts forward the direction of the language assessment in China.展开更多
In order to improve efficiency of virtual enterprise, a manufacturing grid and multilevel manufacturing system of virtual enterprise is built up. When selecting member enterprises and task assignment based on the manu...In order to improve efficiency of virtual enterprise, a manufacturing grid and multilevel manufacturing system of virtual enterprise is built up. When selecting member enterprises and task assignment based on the manufacturing grid, key activities are assigned to the suitable critical member enterprises by task decomposition, enterprise node searching and characteristic matching of manufacturing resources according to the characteristic matching strategy. By task merger, some ordinary activities are merged with corresponding key activities and assigned to corresponding critical member enterprises. However, the other ordinary activities are assigned to the related ordinary member enterprises with enterprise node searching and characteristic matching of manufacturing resources. Finally, an example of developing the artificial hip joint in the virtual enterprise is used to demonstrate that efficiency of the virtual enterprise is improved by using the manufacturing grid and the proposed strategies for member enterprise selection and task assignment.展开更多
文摘The research examines a new accreditation test system of English Test for International Communication(ETIC)launched in 2016 and developed by China Language Assessment(a professional testing service established by Beijing Foreign Studies Uni⁃versity).The analysis and discussion is conducted through an example procedure of such assessment performance on ETIC.The rel⁃evant review aims to sort out the theoretical framework and main characteristic of the system,address the consequence and decision elicited from the assessment,and conclude the contribution of ETIC as a task-ability assessment to the use of language.It shows the interpretation of ETIC is generalizable and relevant to make the decision for test users.Such test system of ETIC is accountable to the stakeholders for the intended use.The research also puts forward the direction of the language assessment in China.
文摘In order to improve efficiency of virtual enterprise, a manufacturing grid and multilevel manufacturing system of virtual enterprise is built up. When selecting member enterprises and task assignment based on the manufacturing grid, key activities are assigned to the suitable critical member enterprises by task decomposition, enterprise node searching and characteristic matching of manufacturing resources according to the characteristic matching strategy. By task merger, some ordinary activities are merged with corresponding key activities and assigned to corresponding critical member enterprises. However, the other ordinary activities are assigned to the related ordinary member enterprises with enterprise node searching and characteristic matching of manufacturing resources. Finally, an example of developing the artificial hip joint in the virtual enterprise is used to demonstrate that efficiency of the virtual enterprise is improved by using the manufacturing grid and the proposed strategies for member enterprise selection and task assignment.
