Early effects of Lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablets on intragastric pH in CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers

AIM: To compare rabeprazole (RPZ; 10 mg) with Lansoprazole orally disintegrating tablets (LPZ; 30 mg OD) in terms of antisecretory activity and blood drug concentration after a single dose. METHODS: Eight H pylori-negative cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 extensive metabolizers were assigned to receive a single oral dose of RPZ 10 mg or LPZ 30 mg OD. Twelve hour intragastric pH monitoring was perform- ed on the day of treatment. Blood samples were also collected after the administration of each drug. RESULTS: LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly earlier rise in blood drug concentration than RPZ 10 mg; consequently, LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly earlier rise in median pH in the third and fourth hours of the study. CONCLUSION: In H pylori-negative CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers, LPZ 30 mg OD induced a significantly faster inhibition of gastric acid secretion than RPZ 10 mg.

Preparation and Characterization of Orally Fast-Disintegrating Mini-Tablets Containing Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride and Aspartic or Glutamic Acid as an Umami Amino Acid

The aim of this study was to prepare diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH)-loaded orally fast-disintegrating mini-tablets (OFDMTs) containing either L-aspartic acid (Asp) or L-glutamic acid (Glu) as bitterness-suppressant, to characterize the prepared tablets and to evaluate their bitterness under conditions mimicking those of the oral cavity. The preparation of five formulation batches of the OFDMTs involved mixing DPH, with or without two different concentrations of Asp or Glu, and a premix containing a disintegrating agent. When all ingredients were well mixed, the mixture was directly compacted to form small (4 mm diameter) DPH-loaded OFDMTs. There were only small differences between the tablets with respect to mass, diameter, width and hardness. The disintegration times of the five formulation batches of DPH-loaded OFDMTs were measured using the OD-mate, a disintegration test apparatus in which conditions resemble those of the oral cavity. The disintegration times were all within 10 s of exposure to a medium representing the inside of the oral cavity. Rapid release profiles were observed for DPH, Asp and Glu in these dissolution tests. The taste sensor outputs of samples taken at different times (5 - 30 s) from the dissolution test solutions of the four DPH-loaded OFDMTs containing Asp or Glu were significantly inhibited compared with those of control DPH-loaded OFDMT. These results suggest that the inclusion of Asp or Glu in DPH-loaded OFDMTs is sufficient to mask bitterness in the oral cavity for the first 30 s after the tablet is placed in the mouth. It is anticipated that swallowing will have taken place within 30 s.

Evaluation of the quality of olanzapine orally disintegrated tablets by multiple dissolution curves

Objective: To investigate the dissolution behavior similarity between Self-made praeparatum and reference praeparatum in different pH menstruum,using the Olanzapine Orally Disintegrating Tablets listed in abroad as the reference praeparatum. Methods: The dissolution curve of olanzapine in Self-made praeparatum and reference praeparatum was measured,the similarity of the dissolution curve was evalued by F2 similar factor. Results: The single-point dissolution of both Self-made praeparatum and reference praeparatum within 15 min was more than 85%. Conclusion: Self-made praeparatum and reference praeparatum were similar in dissolution behavior.

Predicting oral disintegrating tablet formulations by neural network techniques

Oral disintegrating tablets(ODTs) are a novel dosage form that can be dissolved on thetongue within 3 min or less especially for geriatric and pediatric patients. Current ODT for-mulation studies usually rely on the personal experience of pharmaceutical experts andtrial-and-error in the laboratory, which is inefficient and time-consuming. The aim of cur-rent research was to establish the prediction model of ODT formulations with direct com-pression process by artificial neural network(ANN) and deep neural network(DNN) tech-niques. 145 formulation data were extracted from Web of Science. All datasets were dividedinto three parts: training set(105 data), validation set(20) and testing set(20). ANN andDNN were compared for the prediction of the disintegrating time. The accuracy of the ANNmodel have reached 85.60%, 80.00% and 75.00% on the training set, validation set and testingset respectively, whereas that of the DNN model were 85.60%, 85.00% and 80.00%, respec-tively. Compared with the ANN, DNN showed the better prediction for ODT formulations.It is the first time that deep neural network with the improved dataset selection algorithmis applied to formulation prediction on small data. The proposed predictive approach couldevaluate the critical parameters about quality control of formulation, and guide researchand process development. The implementation of this prediction model could effectivelyreduce drug product development timeline and material usage, and proactively facilitatethe development of a robust drug product.

The Effect of Food Thickeners on the Bitterness and Dissolution of Amlodipine Besilate Loaded Oral Disintegration Tablets: Assessment of Potential Suitability for Patients with Dysphagia

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of starch- and xanthan gum-based food thickeners on the bitterness and dissolution of amlodipine besilate (AMPB) loaded orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) for potential use with patients with dysphagia. A conventional dissolution test simulating the oral cavity was performed and the taste sensor output of the dissolved sample was evaluated over a 60-seconds period. When four types of AMPB loaded ODTs were tested alone, at 60 seconds, branded product (A) was the least bitter, followed by generic product (B)/generic product (C) which were equal, and finally generic product (D) which was the most bitter. Inhibition of bitterness of AMPB loaded ODTs mixed thickeners, 1.0 (w/v) % xanthan gum-based food thickener solution was significantly strong. The 7.1 (w/v) % and 4.7 (w/v) % starch-based food thickeners solution also effective in bitterness inhibition compared to the 2.4 (w/v) % starch-based food thickener solution. The dissolution test under pH 1.2 in related to 7.1 (w/v) % and 4.7 (w/v) % starch-based thickener contained each of AMPB loaded ODTs were associated with an almost complete amlodipine (AMP) dissolution (almost 90% at 10 minutes), whereas the 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 (w/v) % xanthan gum-based food thickener solution containing AMPB loaded ODTs did not show complete AMP dissolution and there were large variations in the initial dissolution stage. This suggests that a mixture of xanthan gum-based thickener and AMPB loaded ODT poses a risk of reduction of bioavailability. In conclusion, a mixture of 4.7 (w/v) % or 7.1 (w/v) % starch-based thickener with ODTs provides complete release of AMP and superior bitterness inhibition, so is the best choice for administration to patients with dysphagia.

Usefulness and limitations of taste sensors in the evaluation of palatability and taste-masking in oral dosage forms

The purpose of this review is to discuss the advantages and limitations of taste sensors in the evaluation of the taste of palatability of different oral dosage forms. First, we consider some ways in which the palatability of various pharmaceutical formulations including orally disintegrating tablets(ODTs) are tested using two different taste sensors. Second, we focus on the evaluation of palatability of ODTs. We compare the usefulness of three pieces of apparatus for estimating the disintegration time of ODTs. Finally, we compare the characteristics of the two taste sensors in the evaluation of palatability of various kinds of drug formulations.

当归芍药散与布洛芬口崩片治疗原发性痛经气滞血瘀证的疗效比较

目的 比较当归芍药散与布洛芬口崩片治疗原发性痛经气滞血瘀证的临床疗效。方法 前瞻性选取2020年1月—2023年12月琼海市中医院收治的原发性痛经气滞血瘀证患者144例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为西药治疗组和中药治疗组,各72例。西药治疗组患者接受布洛芬口崩片治疗,中药治疗组患者接受当归芍药散治疗。2组患者均连续治疗3个月经周期。比较2组临床疗效,治疗前后痛经程度评分、血清学指标[前列腺素F_(2)α(PGF_(2)α)、前列腺素E_(2)(PGE_(2))]。结果 中药治疗组患者治疗总有效率为93.06%,高于西药治疗组的77.78%(χ^(2)=6.746,P=0.009)。治疗3个月经周期后,2组患者痛经程度评分低于治疗前,且中药治疗组低于西药治疗组(P<0.01);2组患者血清PGF_(2)α水平低于治疗前,血清PGE_(2)水平高于治疗前,且中药治疗组低/高于西药治疗组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 采用布洛芬口崩片及当归芍药散治疗原发性痛经气滞血瘀证均能通过降低PGF_(2)α、提高PGE_(2)水平而减轻痛经程度,但当归芍药散的效果更佳。

Optimization of Jiawei Qing'e Oral Fast Disintegrating Tablets Based on Response Surface-Central Composite Design

Abstract: Objective To apply the response surface-central composite design to developing and optimizing the oral fastdisintegrating tablets (ODT) formulation for Jiawei Qing’e, a kind of prescription of Chinese herbal medicine.Methods The bitterness of Jiawei Qing’e was masked using Eudragit E-100 by solvent evaporation technique.Response surface approach was applied to investigating the interaction of formulation parameters in optimizing theformulation. The independent variables were Eudragit E-100/drug ratio (X1), amount of disintegrants (X2), and theamount of diluents (X3). The disintegration time (Y1), hardness (Y2), and weight variations of the tablets werecharacterized. Results The models predicted levels of X1= 4.63%, X2= 5.25%, and X3= 34.33%, for the optimalformulation having a hardness of 3.0 kg with the disintegration time of 30 s within experimental region. The observedresponse of Y1= 26.5 s and Y2= 3.14 kg reasonably agreed with the predicted response. Conclusion Responsesurface methodology shows the good predictability and reliability in optimizing the formulation. The optimized ODTof Jiawei Qing’e has acceptable taste, rapid disintegrating ability, and good mechanical strength.

盐酸左西替利嗪冻干口崩片的制备

目的:设计盐酸左西替利嗪冻干口崩片的制备工艺并评价成品质量。方法:采用冷冻干燥法制备盐酸左西替利嗪冻干口崩片,以成品外观、崩解时限、口感口味等为指标对口崩片质量进行单因素考察,并通过正交试验优化处方。结果:口崩片最优处方:盐酸左西替利嗪-β-环糊精包合物每片11.25 mg、甘氨酸每片10 mg、普鲁兰多糖每片8 mg、三氯蔗糖每片0.5 mg、白桃香精每片1.5μL;最终制备得到外观优美、崩解迅速、口味良好的盐酸左西替利嗪冻干口崩片。结论:盐酸左西替利嗪冻干口崩片制备工艺稳定可靠,可用于大规模生产。

盐酸苯海拉明微丸型口腔崩解片的制备工艺研究

采用挤出滚圆及包衣制备缓释微丸,湿法制粒法制备辅料颗粒,将缓释微丸、辅料颗粒及外加物料混合压片制备了盐酸苯海拉明口腔崩解片。结果表明:盐酸苯海拉明与微晶纤维素以质量比1∶1混合后挤出滚圆,并采用乙基纤维素乙醇溶液包衣制备缓释微丸,然后再与其他辅料混合压片制备口腔崩解片,其溶出曲线与原研制剂不同介质中体外溶出相似。采用缓释微丸压片的方法制备口腔崩解片可以减缓药物溶出速度,达到与原研制剂不同介质中溶出曲线相似目的,该技术可为其他溶出类似口腔崩解片的研究开发提供参考。

银杏酮酯口腔崩解片的制备

目的研究银杏酮酯口腔崩解片(Ginkgo biloba ketone ester orally disintegrating tablets,GBKE-ODT)的制备工艺,并优化处方。方法以片剂的口感、崩解时间和压片难易程度作为评价指标,采用正交设计试验评价筛选GBKE-ODT的最佳处方组成,并优化制备工艺。结果本研究制备的GBKE-ODT处方:预混辅料Prosolv~?ODT作为填充剂,用量为248 mg,银杏酮酯(Ginkgo biloba ketone ester,GBKE)40 mg,阿司帕坦7.5 mg,薄荷香精1.5 mg,硬脂酸镁为3 mg,崩解时间在29 s以内。选用粉末直压工艺制备GBKE-ODT。结论GBKE-ODT崩解迅速,口感良好,溶出度高,符合ODT的质量要求。

酮咯酸氨丁三醇口崩片处方优化及体外溶出度研究

目的优化酮咯酸氨丁三醇口崩片处方,并建立体外溶出度测定方法。方法以主观指标(口感、外观)、客观指标(硬度、崩解时间)为考察因素,采用模糊综合评分法联合L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验,对填充剂微晶纤维素(MCC)、甘露醇、崩解剂交联羧甲基纤维素钠(CCMC-Na)和硬脂酸镁用量进行优化,并验证处方工艺;采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定酮咯酸氨丁三醇口崩片溶出度。结果酮咯酸氨丁三醇口崩片最佳处方为MCC 150 mg、甘露醇90 mg、CCMC-Na 10 mg、硬脂酸镁1.5 mg。制备的酮咯酸氨丁三醇口崩片口感良好,片面光洁,可压性强且硬度适中,崩解完全,且批间重复性良好。酮咯酸氨丁三醇质量浓度在1~100μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性良好(r=0.9999,n=5);平均回收率为98.76%,RSD为0.75%(n=9);精密度、稳定性、重复性试验结果的RSD均低于1.0%(n=6)。样品在10 min后即可溶解完全,溶出度均超过90%。结论优化的处方工艺简单、重复性好,可为酮咯酸氨丁三醇口崩片的工业化生产提供参考。

托伐普坦纳米晶口崩片的制备与质量评价

目的 制备托伐普坦纳米晶口崩片,并评价其质量。方法 采用反溶剂沉淀-高压均质法制备托伐普坦纳米晶,并通过Box-Behnken实验设计优化托伐普坦纳米晶的处方;以甘露醇作为载体,用喷雾干燥将托伐普坦纳米晶制备成固体颗粒,并制备成托伐普坦纳米晶口崩片;用扫描电镜观察托伐普坦纳米晶及固体颗粒的微观结构;考察托伐普坦纳米晶在喷雾干燥前、后的稳定性;比较托伐普坦纳米晶口崩片与市售托伐普坦口崩片的体外药物溶出速度。结果 羟丙基纤维素(HPC SL)的质量浓度为15 mg·mL^(-1),普朗尼克(pluronic F127)的质量浓度为5 mg·mL^(-1),水相与有机相的体积比为9∶1时,制备的托伐普坦纳米晶的平均粒径为(214.6±11.5) nm,多聚分散系数为(0.261±0.009),Zeta电位为(-11.6±0.3) mV;扫描电镜下可以观察到托伐普坦纳米晶呈球形颗粒;托伐普坦纳米晶经喷雾干燥后粒径有所增大;自制的托伐普坦纳米晶口崩片的体外药物溶出速度显著快于市售制剂。结论 将托伐普坦制备成纳米晶口崩片,处方设计合理,工艺可行,有望提高托伐普坦的生物利用度。

星点设计-效应面法优化盐酸多奈哌齐冻干型口崩片的制备工艺

目的优化盐酸多奈哌齐冻干型口崩片的制备工艺。方法以口崩片外观性状、崩解时间、含水量为主要考察指标,对盐酸多奈哌齐冻干型口崩片的处方工艺进行单因素和星点设计-效应面法的考察。结果盐酸多奈哌齐冻干型口崩片的最优处方工艺为:普鲁兰多糖9.5mg/片,甘露醇4.9 mg/片,黄原胶0.2 mg/片,制备的口崩片片型饱满、表面光洁、崩解迅速,且室温下放置3个月的稳定性良好。结论优化得到的盐酸多奈哌齐冻干型口崩片制备工艺操作简便、稳定可行,该工艺适用于大规模工业化生产。

基于UPLC-Q-Exactive MS和网络药理学评价鲜参及生脉冻干口崩片中皂苷类成分

目的优选提取工艺制备鲜参组方的生脉冻干口崩片,评价鲜参中优势皂苷类成分的药理作用,为鲜参入药制剂的合理应用提供参考。方法制备鲜参乙醇提取物、匀浆及煎煮提取物以及不同人参炮制品组方的生脉冻干口崩片,采用UPLC-Q-Exactive MS技术对皂苷类成分进行分析鉴定。利用PharmMapper预测目标皂苷类成分潜在靶点,利用String及DAVID对潜在靶点进行蛋白相互作用、GO过程及KEGG功能富集分析,运用Cytoscape软件构建成分-靶点-通路网络,应用AutoDock软件进行分子对接验证。结果优选匀浆工艺制备生脉冻干口崩片,比较不同炮制品组方中皂苷含量的差异,筛选出malonylginsenoside Rb2、malonylginsenoside Rc、malonylginsenoside Rb1、malonylginsenoside Rd、ginsenoside Re、ginsenoside Rf作为优势成分。通路富集结果表明,鲜参中的丙二酸单酰基类皂苷成分主要调控糖基化终末产物-糖基化终末产物受体(advanced glycation end products-receptor advanced glycation end products,AGE-RAGE)、白细胞介素17(interleukin-17,IL-17)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)等信号通路。malonylginsenoside Rc是关键的丙二酸单酰基类皂苷成分,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶14(mitogen-activated protein kinase 14,MAPK14)、半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(caspase-3,CASP3)、人转化生长因子β受体1(TGF-beta receptor type-1,TGFBR1)、骨形态发生蛋白-2(bone morphogenetic protein 2,BMP2)为其潜在的关键靶点,相关结果得到分子对接的验证。结论匀浆工艺能够有效保留鲜参中的丙二酸单酰基类皂苷成分,该类成分可通过调控AGE-RAGE、IL-17、TNF等信号通路以调节机体的炎症、细胞凋亡等反应过程,主要涉及糖尿病型并发症、动脉粥样硬化、肿瘤等疾病过程。鲜参中皂苷类优势成分的筛选为鲜参的质量控制提供参考依据,结合匀浆工艺制备的生脉冻干口崩片为后续鲜参在制剂开发应用中奠定经验基础,同时为临床中药鲜用提供理论依据。

儿童口腔崩解片的研究进展

口腔崩解片(orally disintegrating tablets,ODT)因服用方便、起效迅速被广泛应用于临床,尤其是儿童用药领域。本文综述了ODT的应用特点、国内外上市的品种和临床应用情况,以及与儿童ODT相关性大的因素,如药片的直径大小、形状以及口感调整技术方法等方面的国内外研究现状,提出ODT研究的前景与安全性问题,为ODT的进一步研究与开发提供参考。

盐酸苯海拉明咖啡因口崩片的研究

目的以盐酸苯海拉明和咖啡因为模型药物,研制盐酸苯海拉明咖啡因口腔崩解片。方法采用盐酸苯海拉明与硬脂酸熔融制粒掩味,交联羧甲基纤维素钠(CCMC-Na)为崩解剂,用干粉直接压片法制备盐酸苯海拉明咖啡因口腔崩解片。采用正交实验优化处方,达到最短崩解时间和最佳矫味效果。结果最优处方中含主药盐酸苯海拉明25 mg、咖啡因60 mg、硬脂酸25 mg、阿司帕坦40 mg、蓝莓香精7 mg、甘露醇45 mg、MCC 210 mg、CCMC-Na 25 mg、SDS 8 mg、硬脂酸镁5 mg。结论盐酸苯海拉明咖啡因口腔崩解片制剂可行,质量可控。

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定百荷冻干含化糖中18种无机元素及健康风险评估

目的建立百荷冻干含化糖中18种无机元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)分析方法并对其进行质量评价和风险评估。方法采用微波消解法对百荷冻干含化糖样品进行处理,通过ICP-MS同时测定K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Al、B、Zn、Ni、Cu、Co、Cr、Pb、As、Se、Cd、V、Mo等18种无机元素的含量,并通过计算重金属元素每日最大可耐受量(EDI)、靶标危害系数(THQ)、总危害指数(HI)和致癌风险(CR)进行健康风险评估。结果18种元素在相应质量浓度范围内与响应强度线性关系良好(R^(2)>0.999)。重金属健康风险评估结果显示,按标示量摄入百荷冻干含化糖后,EDI<PTDI,THQ和HI均小于1,不会对人体造成明显的健康危害,CR远低于1×10^(-6),致癌风险可忽略不计。结论百荷冻干含化糖无机元素种类含量丰富,日常服用无健康风险;该方法快速、简便、灵敏度高,可为百荷冻干含化糖质量评价提供参考。

高效液相色谱法测定富马酸卢帕他定口崩片的有关物质

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定富马酸卢帕他定口崩片的有关物质检查。方法采用Waters XBridge C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,3.5μm)色谱柱,以0.05 mol·L^(-1)磷酸二氢钠溶液为流动相A,乙腈为流动相B,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min^(-1),柱温35℃,检测波长242nm,进样量50μL。结果卢帕他定与各杂质之间的分离度均大于1.5;杂质A、B、C、D、I、J的定量限分别为5.1975、5.5541、24.3482、2.0800、4.9305、5.1460 ng·mL^(-1),且在相应范围内与峰面积线性关系良好;杂质A校正因子为1.3,其余杂质校正因子均在0.9~1.1。各杂质的平均回收率在99.84%~109.22%,RSD均小于2%。结论本法专属性、精密度、准确度和耐用性良好,可用于富马酸卢帕他定口崩片有关物质的测定。

新型催眠药物MT5022口腔崩解片的制备与质量评价

目的研制MT5022口腔崩解片。方法采用正交试验对MT5022口腔崩解片的处方进行筛选得到最优处方,并对其进行制剂质量评价。结果MT5022口腔崩解片各组分按质量百分比计算的最优处方为MT5022(4.2%)、羧甲基淀粉钠(2.0%)、低取代羟丙基纤维素(2.0%)、微晶纤维素(30.0%)、阿斯巴甜(1.0%)、硬脂酸镁(1.0%)、甘露醇(59.8%)。制剂质量评价结果表明,所制备的MT5022口腔崩解片的外观性状、崩解时限、脆碎度、溶出度和含量均匀度等均符合《中国药典》中口腔崩解片的相关要求。结论成功制备了MT5022口腔崩解片,为将候选药物MT5022研制成适合军事作业环境使用的新型军用催眠药物奠定基础,也为药物的临床研究提供实验支持。